优良紫色糯质玉米自交系PZ-2-2-2-2-1的选育及应用

PZ-2-2-2-2-1紫色糯质玉米自交系,是从一个杂合的紫色糯质玉米地方种中经自交分离选育而成的,具有较高的配合力,用PZ-2-2-2-2-1×1241紫-8配成的烟紫糯3号紫色糯质玉米杂交种果穗大,丰产性好,目前已在生产上进行示范推广种植.     

对马铃薯4x-2x,2x-4x及2x-2x杂种四倍体进行花药培养获得转育2n配子基因的双单倍体新个体

利用3个2n配子材料(2x)在马铃薯(S.tuberosum L.)中进行4x—2x,2x—4x和2x—2x的杂交,获得了4个四倍体杂种材料;然后对它们进行花药培养,共得到32个双单倍体植株。检查其中23个植株,有2株是具5％以上2n花粉粒的双单倍体,1株是重组了2n卵基因的双单倍体。由此证明花药培养的倍性操作技术是转育马铃薯2n配子性状给双单倍体的有效方法之一。     

水稻OsENO2-2基因过表达对水稻抽穗期的影响

【目的】 OsENO2-2是OsENO2通过可变剪切产生的短转录本,其cDNA序列从粳稻中花11中分离获得。本研究的主要目的是初步分析OsENO2-2在水稻抽穗期调控中的作用。【方法】 构建了OsENO2-2的超量表达载体,获得转基因植株,通过对表型的观察和统计,分析目的基因在过量表达条件下的功能,并利用反向遗传学方法验证该基因的功能。【结果】 OsENO2-2过量表达导致水稻在长日照条件下的抽穗期推迟,而短日照条件下抽穗期无明显变化。通过qRT-PCR方法对水稻开花关键基因的检测发现,在长日照条件下,RFT1的表达量在超表达材料中显著下调,其他开花重要基因表达量在野生型和超表达材料中没有显著变化;而在短日照条件下,所有检测基因的表达量在野生型和超表达材料中均没有显著变化。【结论】 在长日照条件下,OsENO2-2主要通过调控RFT1基因的表达来调控水稻抽穗期。     

Colored Potato Extracts Induce Superoxide Dismutase-2 mRNA Via ERK1/2 Pathway in HepG2 Cells

Rats fed a diet containing Shadow Queen (SQ), an anthocyanin-rich potato cultivar, previously showed an increase in the hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2 mRNA level. We investigated whether an extract of SQ would directly increase the hepatic SOD-2 mRNA level in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we estimated the intracellular signaling pathway for the induction of SOD-2 mRNA expression. HepG2 cells were stimulated using extracts of four crops, including SQ, for 12 h; only extracts of colored potatoes induced SOD-2 mRNA expression significantly. This induction of SOD-2 mRNA expression was blocked by an inhibitor of the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway. Furthermore, an extract of SQ increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 after 15 or 30 min of stimulation. These data indicate that an extract of SQ directly induces hepatic SOD-2 mRNA expression via activation of ERK1/2 pathway in HepG2 cells.     

2n pollen in eleven 2x, 2EBN wild species and their haploid x wild species hybrids

Summary Sixty-three plants producing 2n pollen were identified among 65 introductions of 11 2x, 2EBN wild species. They were found in 27 of the 65 introductions representing ten of 11 species. The gene frequencies for the allele controlling 2n pollen formation ranged from 0.19 to 0.65. Seventyeight haploid x wild species hybrid families were produced using the previously identified 2n pollen plants as male parents. One hundred and thirty-two plants that produced 2n pollen were identified among the haploid x wild species hybrids at one location and 44 at another. The high number of haploid x wild species hybrids that produced 2n pollen and the large number of hybrids with acceptable pollen stainability demonstrate the potential of the hybrids in 4x × 2x germplasm transfer. Potato breeders can unleash the genetic diversity present in the 2x, 2EBN wild species by screening them for 2n pollen and crossing the 2n pollen producing plants to haploids.     

沉香叶黄酮稳定性及对H2O2诱导HepG2细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

研究沉香叶黄酮稳定性及对H₂O₂诱导HepG2细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。通过测定溶液吸光值,探讨温度、光照、金属离子、pH值对沉香叶黄酮稳定性的影响。建立H₂O₂诱导HepG2细胞氧化损伤模型,将细胞分为正常组、模型组以及沉香叶黄酮低、中、高剂量组,采用水溶性四唑盐法检测细胞增殖率,2′,7′-二氢二氯荧光黄双乙酸钠法（DCFH-DA）测定细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平,生化试剂盒检测细胞乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放量、丙二醛（MDA）含量、细胞内总超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性。结果表明,沉香叶黄酮在温度70 ℃以下,pH 3~7范围内,Na⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺金属离子中,黑暗环境与节能灯光中较稳定;能显著抑制H₂O₂造成的细胞死亡,降低胞内ROS与MDA的生成,减轻LDH向细胞外扩散程度,提高SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性。沉香叶黄酮在低温、弱酸、部分金属离子、弱光条件下具有一定稳定性;对H₂O₂诱导HepG2氧化应激损伤具有保护作用,其作用可能与调节细胞氧化还原系统、清除胞内活性氧水平、提高细胞内抗氧化酶系活性有关。     

外源钙对高温胁迫下花生幼苗叶绿体Ca2+ -ATPase、Mg2+ -ATPase活性及Ca2+分布的影响

以10mmol/L CaCl2溶液处理花生幼苗叶片后,置于培养箱42℃高温培养,定时测定幼苗叶叶绿体Ca2 -ATPase,Mg2 -ATPase活性,并观察幼叶细胞内Ca2 分布的变化.试验结果表明,外源Ca2 处理相应提高和保护了Ca2 -ATPase,Mg2 -ATPase的活性;外源Ca2 预处理能够明显增加细胞间隙、细胞壁、质膜和叶绿体上Ca2 颗粒密度;高温胁迫后,Ca2 具有从胞外转运到胞质内和叶绿体中的趋势;Ca2 能够稳定高温胁迫下叶肉细胞膜和叶绿体的超微结构.     

莱茵衣藻缺铁应答调控基因femu2p-C2H2的融合表达与纯化

为获得目标蛋白以用于蛋白功能解析,本研究将锌指蛋白C2H2以GST(Glutathione S-transferase)融合蛋白的形式进行了表达,并确定了表达的最佳条件：37℃、IPTG诱导4 h、IPTG终浓度为1.0 mmol/L。利用固定化的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)对GST-C2H2融合蛋白进行一步亲和纯化,获得目标融合蛋白,25倍超滤浓缩之后测定其浓度为1.762 mg/mL。     

Theoretical estimation of structural parameters in 2/2 twill woven structures

It has been shown through various experimental works that the geometry of woven fabrics will change after it is released from looms due to the contraction forces resulting in changed structural geometry in their fully relaxed state. In this work, an appropriate three dimensional unit cell is proposed for 2/2 twill woven structure. The proposed model covers all angles and lengths between warp and weft yarns in the three dimensional unit cell of the structure in its fully relaxed state assuming straight line path and circular cross-section of yarns. At first, a theoretical solution for estimation of skewness angle in float region of 2/2 twill fabrics is proposed by defining the JJ ratio index to consider different amount of contraction in float and crimp region of unit cell. Then the proposed theory is extended to include the weave and skewness angle of yarns in crimp region of woven structures. By applying this theory, the skewness angle of 2/2 twill weaves will be incorporated in structural modelling of woven fabrics which can be used in predicting the thickness and areal mass of the 2/2 twill woven structures. Besides the confirmed validation of model in predicting the areal mass, the results for estimating the thickness of fabrics are in close agreement with the measured ones in the fabrics with worsted and coarse cotton yarns.     

内源H2O2对水稻种子萌发的影响

通过用不同浓度的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADPH）合成酶抑制剂碘二苯（diphenylene iodonium, DPI）及过氧化氢（hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂）清除剂二甲基硫脲（dimethylthiourea, DMTU）分别培养水稻（Oryza sativa L.）种子,研究内源H₂O₂对种子萌发过程胚根、胚芽和胚根根尖活力等的影响。结果表明,DPI及DMTU培养的水稻种子其胚根生长和胚芽生长均受到抑制,尤其是DPI对胚根生长的抑制作用更为显著。DPI和DMTU对水稻种子萌发的影响均呈现出浓度效应,即浓度越高,抑制作用越强。其中,DPI对水稻种子萌发的抑制作用比DMTU的更为明显。此外,胚根根尖的超氧阴离子（superoxide anion, O ^2-）和H₂O₂含量随DMTU浓度增大而减少,根尖细胞受损也越严重。由此推测,内源H₂O₂可能参与调控水稻种子萌发过程。     

一种国外沉香中2-(2-苯乙基)色酮类化合物研究

为了了解一种国外沉香中的2-(2-苯乙基)色酮类化合物,采用多种色谱分离技术从该沉香的乙醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物,通过波谱学方法分别鉴定为：6-羟基-8-氯-2-[2-(4°-羟基苯基)乙基]色酮（1）,6-羟基-2-[2-(3°-甲氧基-4°-羟基苯基)乙基]色酮（2）,6-羟基-7-甲氧基-2-[2-(4°-羟基苯基)乙基]色酮（3）,沉香四醇（4）,5α,6β,7β,8α-四羟基-2-[2-(4°-甲氧基苯基)乙基]-5,6,7,8-四氢色酮（5）和6-羟基-2-[2-(3°-甲氧基-4°-羟基苯基)乙烯基]色酮（6）。化合物1为新的2-(2-苯乙基)色酮。对化合物2~6的细胞毒活性测试结果表明,化合物6对5株人体肿瘤细胞均表现出一定活性,其中对人慢性髓原白血病细胞K562和人肝癌细胞BEL-7402具有显著抑制活性,半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）为2.87和 4.75 μg/mL,化合物2、3、5对5株人体肿瘤细胞表现出中等活性,IC₅₀范围为9.91~45.38 μg/mL。     

Effect of H_2O_2 Pretreatment on Cd Tolerance of Different Rice Cultivars

The effect of H2O2 pretreatment on Cd tolerance and translocation of rice seedlings were studied using two rice cultivars (N07-6 and N07-63) differing in Cd tolerance. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), non-protein thiols (NPT), phytochelatins (PCs) and the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) were compared between the two cultivars exposed to various treatments. The results showed that 50 μmol/L Cd exposure significantly inhibited rice growth, enhanced the production o...     

优质杂交糯稻嘉糯2优2号的选育

嘉糯2优2号是福建农林大学作物科学学院用嘉农wx2A作母本、嘉糯恢2号作父本配组育成的杂交糯稻新品种,2018年7月通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定,表现优质、丰产稳产等特点。就嘉糯2优2号品种的选育流程、产量表现、特征特性、栽培及制种高产技术作简要阐述。     

H2O2预处理对不同水稻品种Cd耐性的影响

以耐性不同的两个水稻品种N07-63和N07-6为材料,采用水培法研究了镉(Cd)胁迫下过氧化氢(H2O2)预处理对水稻Cd耐性和吸收转运的影响及品种间差异.比较了两个品种不同处理下丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、非蛋白巯基(NPT)、植物络合素(PCs)含量以及谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性的变化.结果表明,50 μmol/L Cd处理显著抑制水稻生长,提高GSH、NPT、PCs、MDA含量和GST活性,且品种间差异显著.从Cd在水稻植株中的分布上看,N07-6向地上部转运的Cd比N07-63多.H2O2预处理后,两个品种Cd毒害效应减轻,GSH、NPT、PCs含量和根部GST活性得到进一步提高,且N07-63的增幅高于N07-6,其耐性也提高更多.H2O2预处理降低了两个品种的Cd向地上部转运,但对根部Cd含量存在不同的影响.从上述结果可以推测,两个品种在Cd解毒机制和对H2O2的响应上存在明显差异.     

Pharmaceutical importance and synthetic strategies for imidazolidine-2-thione and imidazole-2-thione derivatives

Imidazole heterocycles containing oxygen or sulfur heteroatoms are of considerable pharmaceutical interest. Many synthetic strategies for imidazolidine-2-thione and imidazole-2-thione derivatives were developed in the past years. They have been well documented by a steadily increasing number of publications and patents. Substituted imidazolidine-2-thiones and imidazole-2-thiones display remarkable biological activities. For instance, imidazole-2-thione has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial, antifungal, antithyroid, antioxidant, cardiotonic, antihypertensive, Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitory and anti-HIV properties. Imidazolidine-2-thione derivatives have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activity, anti-HIV activity, antifungal activity and so forth. The main purpose of this review is to present a survey of the literature on the different methods of synthesis and reactions involving imidazolidine-2-thione and imidazole-2-thione during the last few decades. This article summarizes an efficient, microwave-assisted method for the liquid-phase combinatorial synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-thiohydantoin, also reported previously. Synthesis of metal complexes of imidazolidine-2-thione and its derivatives were reported as antimicrobial agents also discussed in the article. Some of the chiral imidazolidine-2-thione N-and C-nucleoside were reported as precursors for the synthesis of azidonucleosides and fluoronucleosides known for their anti-AIDS activity. Metal complexes of heterocyclic thione ligands were reported to possess antifungal activity. Imidazolidine-2-thione and imidazole-2-thione derivatives have found applications in diverse therapeutic areas. Imidazolidine-2-thiones are also used as a chiral auxiliary and ligand for asymmetric catalysis.