牛病毒性黏膜病的病因与治疗策略

正牛病毒性黏膜病又称牛病毒性腹泻,是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒引起,幼龄牛感染率最高,全年均可发病。本文简要介绍了牛病毒性黏膜病的流行特点、临床症状和诊断方法,提出了针对性的防治建议。1流行特点牛病毒性黏膜病是牛感染病毒性腹泻病毒引起的,该病毒各年龄的牛都易感染,而且感染率还很高,以幼龄牛最为高发。这是因为新生牛犊在吸吮母乳时,可以获取一定的母     

猪群BVDV感染状况调查及成因初步分析

牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）和猪瘟病毒（HCV）同属黄病毒科瘟病毒属成员。牛病毒性腹泻病毒除了引起牛发生黏膜性腹泻外,还可引起羊、鹿、猪及许多野生动物感染。一般情况下,生猪感染牛病毒性腹泻病毒不表现牛病毒性腹泻的临床症状而呈现亚临床感染,其症状和病理变化类似温和型猪瘟。     

牛病毒性腹泻黏膜病的诊断要点及防治措施

牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病又称牛病毒性腹泻、牛黏膜病。本病是由牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病病毒引起的牛的热性传染病。临床特征是厌食,腹泻、脱水、体重减轻,黏膜发炎、糜烂和坏死,以及流产胎儿发育异常等。     

一例牛病毒性腹泻的诊治体会及预防建议

牛病毒性腹泻又叫做黏膜炎,由病毒性腹泻病毒引起,是一种具有传染性的疾病。本文以对一例牛病毒性腹泻做了报道,并论述了病毒性腹泻的临床症状以及治疗措施。     

牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病研究进展

牛病毒性腹泻(BVD)是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)引起的一种传染病。被感染后,会导致牛群腹泻、发热、黏膜糜烂溃疡、先天性免疫等症状。本文通过对牛病毒性腹泻流行情况、检测方法、临床类型以及预防与防控等进行论述,为我国的牛病毒性腹泻防治研究提供参考。     

中药治疗牛病毒性腹泻的研究进展

牛病毒性腹泻病是牛临床常见的传染性疾病,常常会引起牛腹泻、肠胃炎、消化道黏膜糜烂等症状,传播范围广,传播时间长,任何年龄的牛都易感,并且可以传播给其他反刍类动物,对养牛业存在较大的威胁。目前临床常用的西药疗法对牛病毒性腹泻的治疗效果不佳,本文总结了牛病毒性腹泻的流行情况及临床症状,综述了多种中药复方对牛病毒性腹泻的治疗基础,为牛病毒性腹泻的中药疗法提供科学依据。     

牛病毒性腹泻--粘膜病的防治

牛病毒性腹泻-粘膜病又称牛病毒性腹泻、牛粘膜病。本病是由牛病毒性腹泻一粘膜病病毒引起的牛的热性传染病。临床特征是厌食、腹泻、脱水、体重减轻，粘膜发炎、糜烂和坏死，以及流产胎儿发育异常等。     

牛病毒性腹泻的临床变化、诊断与防治

牛病毒性腹泻又称牛黏膜病,是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒引起的一种主要以黏膜发炎、糜烂、坏死、发热和腹泻为特征,发生于牛的热性传染病.由于牛病毒性腹泻分布广泛,流行性严重,是我国乃至国际贸易中一种重要的牛的传染病之一,严重危害我国养牛业的健康可持续发展,造成养牛业巨大的经济损失.为有效的防治牛病毒性腹泻,本文从流行病学、临床变化...     

牛病毒性腹泻流行特点与防治

牛病毒性腹泻(黏膜病)是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒引起的传染病,各种年龄的牛都易感染、以幼龄牛易感性最高。本文主要介绍牛病毒性腹泻的流行特点、病症及诊断方法,并提出相应的防治建议。     

牛病毒性腹泻病的临床症状与防控措施

牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病（BVD-MD）又称牛病毒性腹泻病,由牛病毒性腹泻黏膜病病毒（BVD-MDV）引起。笔者从牛病毒性腹泻病的流行特点、临床症状、发病特点、治疗及预防方法等方面进行介绍。     

Monoclonal antibody-based immunohistochemical detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.

Thirty-two monoclonal antibodies directed against epitopes on bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins and glycoproteins were tested for immunohistochemical reactivity with bovine viral diarrhea virus in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from 45 cases of bovine viral diarrhea virus-associated mucosal disease. Only one antibody, designated 15C5, which reacts with the 48-kD glycoprotein of bovine viral diarrhea virus, detected an epitope preserved in these specimens. Monoclonal antibody 15C5 and a polyclonal antibody to bovine viral diarrhea virus successfully detected bovine viral diarrhea viral antigens in 44/45 cases of mucosal disease and did not react with formalin-fixed tissues from 30 uninfected cattle. Monoclonal antibody-based immunohistochemical detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus is routinely fixed tissue specimens has advantages over other currently available techniques in terms of the convenience of specimen submission, the relative ease of method standardization, and the rapidity of the test, and by enabling identification of the virus in association with specific tissues, cell types, and histologic lesions.     

The evolution of bovine viral diarrhea: a review

The economic importance of bovine viral diarrhea is increasing with the emergence of seemingly more virulent viruses, as evidenced by outbreaks of hemorrhagic syndrome and severe acute bovine viral diarrhea beginning in the 1980s and 1990s. It appears that evolutionary changes in bovine viral diarrhea virus were responsible for these outbreaks. The genetic properties of the classical bovine viral diarrhea virus that contribute to the basis of current diagnostic tests, vaccines, and our understanding of pathogenic mechanisms are now being reevaluated because of these "new" virus strains. This shift in virulence has confounded both nomenclature and the significance of current bovine viral diarrhea virus categorization. The purpose of this review is to summarize our current understanding of bovine viral diarrhea virus with a chronological review of prevailing scientific tenets and practices as described in clinical and scientific North American veterinary journals and textbooks. The first part of this review describes how we have arrived at our current understanding of the viruses, the diseases, and their nomenclature. The second part of the review deals with current concepts in virology and how these concepts may both explain and predict bovine viral diarrhea virus pathogenesis. By reviewing how knowledge of bovine viral diarrhea has evolved and the theories of how the virus itself is able to evolve, the interpretation of diagnostic tests are more effectively utilized in the control and treatment of bovine viral diarrhea virus associated disease.     

牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病的研究进展

牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病是由牛病毒性腹泻病毒引起的一种传染性疾病。该病以发热、黏膜糜烂或溃疡、白细胞减少、腹泻、怀孕母牛流产或产畸型胎儿为主要特征。本文就牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病的病原学、致病机理、流行现状以及防治概况等进行了综述。     

Investigation of an outbreak of mucosal disease in a beef cattle herd in southwestern Saskatchewan.

This study describes the epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of mucosal disease that occurred on a ranch in southwestern Saskatchewan. Over a six-month period during the fall and winter of 1991-1992, in a herd of 515 beef cattle and 96 bison, 20 yearling cattle from a group of 105 housed in one feedlot pen died from mucosal disease. A further eight yearlings were slaughtered for salvage because they were at risk of dying from mucosal disease. Mucosal disease mortalities were the first observed evidence of fetal infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus in this herd. Animals that died from mucosal disease exhibited signs of ill thrift prior to death. Deaths from mucosal disease were confined to the progeny of one herd of beef cows. Following an outbreak of fetal infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus during 1989-1990, at least 28 (22%) of the 128 calves born from this herd of cows in the spring of 1990 were persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. However, only one calf born from this herd in 1991, and five calves born from all herds in 1992 were persistently infected. Of the five persistently infected calves born in 1992, three were born to persistently infected replacement heifers born in 1990. These heifers calved without assistance in 1992, but only one of their calves survived past three days of age, and it was persistently infected. In January 1992, 82% of the total herd had reciprocal antibody titers to bovine viral diarrhea virus of > or = 1024 which suggested a high level of herd immunity to bovine viral diarrhea virus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

牛病毒性腹泻及治疗

牛病毒性腹泻是由病毒性腹泻病毒感染引发的一种传染性疾病,临床上主要表现为急性型、慢性型和隐性感染,其中急性型和慢性型对牛的生长发育会造成巨大影响。为更好地控制该种疾病发生流行,该文主要分析牛病毒性腹泻的诊断和治疗。     

Bovine viral diarrhea virus: biotypes and disease.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus continues to produce significant economic losses for the cattle industry and challenges investigators with the complexity of diseases it produces and the mechanisms by which it causes disease. This paper updates and attempts to clarify information regarding the roles of noncytopathic and cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea viruses in persistent infections and mucosal disease. It also covers, in brief, what is known of the new diseases: thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic disease, and a disease resembling mucosal disease that is apparently caused solely by noncytopathic virus. Although a good understanding of the roles of the 2 biotypes in the production of persistent infections and the precipitation of mucosal disease has been obtained, there are still unanswered questions regarding the origin of cytopathic viruses and the mechanism by which they cause pathological changes in cells. It is apparent, however, that cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea viruses arise by mutation of noncytopathic viruses, and it is known that p80 is the marker protein for cytopathic viruses. The previous distinction between mild bovine viral diarrhea and fatal mucosal disease has been eroded with the emergence of new virulent bovine viral diarrhea viruses. The new diseases pose a threat to the cattle industry and present a new challenge for investigators. Index Veterinarius (1984-1994) and Medline (1985-1994) databases and personal files updated since 1987 from BIOSIS Previews and Biosciences Information Services were used to search the literature.     

牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病诊断方法研究进展

牛病毒性腹泻-黏膜病是由黄病毒科、瘟病毒属的牛病毒性腹泻病毒引起的一种传染性疾病。该病以发热、黏膜糜烂、溃疡、白细胞减少、腹泻、怀孕母牛流产或产畸型胎儿为主要特征。该文就近几年来国内外对该病的实验室诊断方法,包括病毒分离、血清学试验、电镜观察、免疫荧光技术、聚合酶链反应技术等的研究概况进行了综述。     

Association of bovine viral diarrhea virus with multiple viral infections in bovine respiratory disease outbreaks

We investigated eleven outbreaks of naturally occurring bovine respiratory diseases in calves and adult animals in the St-Hyacinthe area of Quebec. Specific antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza type 3 virus, reovirus type 3, and serotypes 1 to 7 of bovine adenovirus were found in paired sera from diseased animals. Several bovine viruses with respiratory tropism were involved concomitantly in herds during an outbreak of bovine respiratory disease. In addition, concomitant fourfold rises of antibody titers were frequently observed to two or more viral agents in seroconverted calves (61%) or adult animals (38%). Bovine viral diarrhea virus was found to be the most frequent viral agent associated with multiple viral infection in calves only (92%).     

Mechanism of protection from primary bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. I. The effects of dexamethasone.

A series of investigations was designed to study the role of cellular immunity and passive antibody in protecting neonatal calves from primary bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. Administration of corticosteroids (dexamethasone) in doses capable of suppressing cellular immunity markedly potentiated systemic bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in calves which lacked bovine viral diarrhea passive neutralizing antibody. Immunosuppressed calves did not form neutralizing antibody to bovine viral diarrhea virus and developed a fatal viremia. Calves with high levels of passive bovine viral diarrhea neutralizing antibodies were protected from the effect of corticosteroids. The results suggest an essential role for humoral passive antibody, but not for cellular immunity, in protection from primary systemic bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in calves.