马来海松酸聚酯氨基树脂耐热性研究(英文)

以马来海松酸和线性小分子二醇为原料，合成马来海松酸聚酯多元醇，再用氨基树脂交联，制备马来海松酸聚酯氨基树脂。利用热重分析，讨论了不同原料种类及配比对树脂耐热性的影响。研究结果表明，马来海松酸聚酯多元醇和氨基树脂以及它们的配比直接影响最终树脂的耐热性。只有选用耐热性好，官能度高的聚酯多元醇组分和自缩聚少的氨基树脂组分，并且在它们的最佳配比下，才能获得具有较好耐热性的聚酯氨基树脂。     

马来海松酸型聚氨酯烘漆耐热性研究

以马来海松酸酯多元醇为原料，制备了马来海松酸型聚氨酯烘漆，利用热重法，讨论了不同原料组分及配比，固化温度和固化时间等因素对烘漆耐热性的影响，另外，还利用ＤＳＣ，对二月桂酸二丁基锡对封闭异氰酸酯组分热解封温度的影响了讨论。     

双马来海松酸酯多元醇的合成研究

利用马来海松酸中酸酐和羧基反应活性的差异，合成了两种类型的双马来海松酸酯多元醇．测试了酯化产物的分子量、聚合度、粘度、羟值和官能度等理化参数；并对各产物的耐热性和红外光谱进行了讨论．研究结果表明，所有酯化产物均可作为耐热的多元醇原料使用．     

马来海松酸聚酯氨基烘漆的研制

用马来海检酸酯多元醇和氨基树交联，制备了马来海松酸聚酯氨基烘漆，重点讨论了不同原料组分及配固化条件等因素对漆膜性能的影响。性能测试表明，该类漆确定上仍较优异的性能。     

改性松香类水溶性醇酸树脂的合成与性能研究

以油酸为脂肪酸，马来海松酸酰亚胺、双马来海松酸酰亚胺及甘油为原料，合成改性松香类水溶性醇酸树脂，讨论了油酸用量、醇酸配比，多元酸的种类对产物性能的影响，产物的耐热性表明，其具有良好的耐热性。     

丙烯海松酸聚酯多元醇的合成及其性质研究

以丙烯海松酸为二元酸，与不同的二元醇进行缩聚反应制备丙烯海松酸聚酯多元醇。测定了不同聚酯多元醇的分子量，羟值，聚合度，官能度及粘度管理化参数，分析了产物的红外光谱及耐热性。研究结果表明，所得聚酯多元醇均可作为耐热多元醇原料使用。     

松香和桐油改性氨基聚酯树脂烘漆性能研究

将不同量的乙二醇马来来海松酸酯多元醇（EMA）和乙二醇桐马酸酐酯多元醇（ETM）用六甲氧基甲基三聚氰胺树脂（HMMM）交联，制备了松香和桐油改性氨基聚酯树脂烘漆，重点讨论了不同EMA／ETM配比和固化条件等因素对洪漆性能（特别是耐热性）的影响，研究结果表明，该烘漆具有优异的性能，可作为氨基聚酯烘漆使用。     

松香改性硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料耐热性研究（Ⅰ）──松香酯多元醇结构对其耐热性的影响

以马来海松酸酯多元醇、马来松香酯多元醇和松节油马来酐加成物酯多元醇为基，制备了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。热重分析表明，最终泡沫材料的热稳定性与酯多元醇的结构密切相关，热分析曲线呈明显的两阶段热分解过程。低温阶段的热失重主要由酯多元醇部分引起的，而高温阶段的热分解则主要是由异氰酸酯部分控制的。     

新型PVC热稳定剂马来海松酸锌的合成及表征

以马来海松酸酐和醋酸锌为原料，在无水乙醇中反应成功合成了新型PVC热稳定剂马来海松酸锌。研究了原料的摩尔比、反应时间、反应温度对产物的影响。结果表明：马来海松酸和醋酸锌摩尔比为1：3，反应温度为328K，反应时间为5h，反应得到高纯度的马来海松酸锌，产率可达93％以上。采用傅立叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDAX）和X一射线衍射（XRD）对产物进行了分析和表征，采用络合滴定法测定了产物中锌的含量。结果表明：利用该方法制得的马来海松酸锌属于三维网状化合物，产物中的-COO-与Zn2＋发生了化学键合。采用刚果红法与热烘法初步研究了马来海松酸锌热稳定剂对PVC的热稳定性能，结果表明：马来海松酸锌具有较好的热稳定性效果，且具有很好的初期着色性，是一种较好的环保型PVC热稳定剂。     

松香改性硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料耐热性研究（I）：松香酯多元醇结构对…

以马来海松酸酯多元醇、马来松香酯多元醇和松节油马来酐加成物酯多元醇为基，制备了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。热重分析表明，最终泡沫材料的热稳定性与酯多元醇的结构密切相关，热分析曲线呈明显的两阶段热分解过程。低温阶段的热失重主要由酯多元醇部分引起的，而高温阶段的热分解则主要由异氰酸酯部分控制的。     

Phenol–formaldehyde impregnation of densified wood for improved dimensional stability

To produce a highly stable wood-based product with increased mechanical properties, phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin impregnation was combined with the viscoelastic thermal compression (VTC) process. Dimensional stability and bending stiffness were evaluated. Two PF resins with weight average molecular weights of 172 and 780 were studied at three different concentrations, 5, 10 and 20%. After 24-h room temperature water soak and 2-h boil, both PF treatments at all concentration levels showed high levels of dimensional stability compared to non-impregnated VTC processed controls. The higher molecular weight PF provided greater stability with an average thickness swell value of 12% compared to 20 and 37% for the lower molecular weight PF resin treatment and control, respectively. High anti-swelling efficiency values were recorded for both low and high molecular weight resins, implying these modifications were effective at reducing the volumetric swelling which occurred in the unmodified control. PF treatments were also extremely effective at reducing irreversible swelling. The low and high molecular weight resin treatments had 1/5th and 1/7th the irreversible swelling than the unmodified VTC processed controls, respectively. All dimensional stability values improved as resin concentrations increased. Both resin types at all concentration levels reduced Young’s modulus.     

Durability of isocyanate resin adhesives for wood IV: degradation under constant steam heating

The durability of isocyanate resins consisting of emulsion-type polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (EMDI) was investigated under constant steam heating. Two kinds of resin, water only-added resin and polyol/water-added resin, were used in this study. The degradation of the resins under steam heating was observed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), weight changes, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). FT-IR analysis showed that the degradation reaction of the resins scarcely proceeded for a few hours and then increased significantly. The weights of the resins decreased linearly during steam heating. The thermal stability of steam-treated resins was made clear by TGA. The bond strength reductions of the specimens bonded with the resins were also observed. The best fitting regression function for the behavior of bond strength reduction was determined statistically. The apparent activation energy of each resin was calculated from the regression function, for the half-life period. Considering the calculated values, the adhesion durability of using polyol-added resin was superior to that of using water only-added resin. It was clarified that the durability of the isocyanate resins under steam heating was markedly inferior to that under dry heating.Part of this paper was presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, 2000     

氢化萜烯马来酸酐与环氧树脂固化物的性能研究

研究了氢化萜烯马来酸酐(HTMA)与环氧树脂固化物的机械强度、热稳定性及电气绝缘等性能及其主要影响因素.实验结果表明,采用氢化萜烯马来酸酐固化后的环氧树脂具有较好的机械强度、热稳定性及电气绝缘性能.氢化萜烯马来酸酐的化学结构与固化物的机械强度及热稳定性密切相关.不同化学结构脂环酸酐固化后的环氧树脂电气绝缘性能相近.     

马来海松酸快干醇酸树脂涂料的研制

采用松香和顺酐反应合成的马来海松酸 (MPA)代替苯酐制备醇酸树脂涂料。讨论了合成工艺对涂膜性能的影响 ,发现采用非醇解工艺可以缩短合成改性醇酸树脂的反应时间。应用GPC和FTIR分析了MPA醇酸树脂的结构及分子质量 ,表明MPA醇酸树脂的分子质量比苯酐醇酸树脂的大 ;比较了MPA醇酸树脂和苯酐醇酸树脂的涂膜性能 ,发现MPA醇酸树脂涂膜干燥速度快、硬度高和耐水性好     

The modification of wood by treatment with low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin: a properties enhancement with neutralized phenolic-resin and resin penetration into wood cell walls

To enhance dimensional stability and biological properties, low molecular weight phenolic resins of a conventional alkaline type and neutralized type were impregnated into Japanese cedar wood (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) and heat-cured. The treatment with the neutralized type resin retained the original wood color, whereas the alkaline treatment changed the color of wood to red-brown. The concentrations of the resin solutions and the weight gains due to the resin loading of wood after treatment were highly correlated, and the target resin loading could be assessed from the solution concentration. A high dimensional stability of 60% antiswelling efficiency was attained when both types of resins were impregnated at about 30% resin loading and no significant difference was recognized between the two. To suppress decay attack from brown-rot and white-rot fungi, 15% and 10% resin loading due to treatment was required for the neutralized and alkaline types of phenolic resins, respectively. The penetration of resin into wood cell walls was investigated by means of light microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis (EPMA). A m-Bromophenol-formaldehyde resin of three levels of an average molecular weight was used to detect the presence of resin by bromine signals. The phenolic resins with low and medium molecular weights (290 and 470) were shown to penetrate into the cell walls the furthest, thereby contributing to the enhancement of dimensional stability and decay resistance in the resin-impregnated wood. Also, for phenolic resin with a high molecular weight (820), only the resin components of low molecular weight appeared to be present in the walls, making very little contribution to the dimensional stability.     

Effect of polyol on thermo-oxidative degradation of isocyanate resin for wood adhesives

The thermo-oxidative degradation of various polyol-added isocyanate resins for wood adhesives was studied using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. The degradation of the resin cured with water began at 150°C. When a certain polyol was added to the resin at an NCO/OH ratio of 25 in addition to water, the cured resin began to degrade at 200°C. To clarify the cause of the good thermal stability in polyol-added resins, the effect of various polyols on the reactivity of isocyanate was investigated. It was found that the reactivity of isocyanate was enhanced by the addition of a dipropylene glycol and glycerin-type polyols. In addition, the effect of the NCO/ polyol-OH ratio was investigated using dipropylene glycoltype polyol. The reactivity of isocyanate increased with increasing polyol content. The thermal stability of the resin was improved to a certain degree by addition of a small amount of the polyol but deteriorated when a large amount of the polyol was added.Part of this paper was presented at the 48th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Shizuoka, April 1998     

不同物质的量之比乙二醛⁃尿素⁃甲醛共缩聚树脂的合成与性能

为了降低木材胶黏剂中的甲醛含量,减小胶合板甲醛释放对人体健康和环境造成的危害,采用乙二醛与单羟甲基脲(MMU)反应,合成了MMU与乙二醛物质的量之比分别为0.7∶1.0,0.9∶1.0,1.1∶1.0和1.3∶1.0的乙二醛?尿素?甲醛(GUF)共缩聚树脂;采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT?IR)和X射线衍射(XRD)对树脂的结构进行了表征,对树脂的基本性能、固化性能、润湿性能及胶合性能进行测定,并进行对比分析。结果表明,合成制备的GUF树脂稳定性较好,均超过了10 d;外观均为酒红色均一液体。MMU与乙二醛的物质的量之比对树脂固体含量和黏度有较大影响,固体含量随着物质的量之比增大而增大,当MMU与乙二醛物质的量之比为1.3∶1.0时,树脂的固体含量为63.12%;当MMU与乙二醛物质的量之比为0.9∶1.0时,树脂黏度的最小值为23.91 mPa·s。树脂的主要官能团(N—H、O—H、C??O、C—O—C和C—N)的红外吸收峰基本不受物质的量之比的影响。树脂对杨木单板的润湿性能良好,接触角为50.8°~57.3°;MMU与乙二醛的物质的量之比为1.3∶1.0时合成的GUF树脂性能较优,胶合板干状胶合强度和湿强度分别为1.81和1.47 MPa;低物质的量之比的GUF树脂固化后会出现晶体结构。     

松香酸封端的二聚脂肪酸/聚乙二醇聚酯的合成及性能表征

以妥尔油脂肪酸二聚酸为原料,先与聚乙二醇(PEG 400)缩聚后得到聚酯,然后再用松香对聚酯封端,制备了松香基聚酯醚型非离子高分子表面活性剂,并对其性能进行了研究。聚酯适宜的制备工艺条件:减压条件下,反应物二聚酸与聚乙二醇的摩尔比为1∶1.20,催化剂SnC l2用量为二聚酸质量的0.30%,反应温度200℃,反应时间6 h,酯化率达到98.11%。产物的数均相对分子质量(Mn)6 135,重均相对分子质量(Mw)7 438,相对分子质量分布系数(Mw/Mn)为1.212且呈好的窄分布状态。正交试验优化后的松香封端反应的条件为:再补加聚酯质量0.20%的催化剂SnC l2,聚酯与松香物质的量之比为1∶1.30,反应温度215℃,反应时间2.8 h,封端率达62.75%。红外光谱验证了目标产物的存在。性能研究表明,产物具有很好的钙皂分散力、消泡和抑泡力、乳化性和乳化稳定性。     

思茅松的苯酚液化及树脂化研究

研究了硫酸催化条件下，将恩茅松在苯酚中液化用于制备酚醛树脂的技术工艺，分析了各工艺参数对思茅松液化效率的影响，测定了由液化产物制备的液化木基酚醛树脂的物理化学性质和胶合强度。结论如下：1）．液比、反应温度、时间和木粉目数是影响液化反应效率的重要因素，液化产物的残渣率均随上述工艺参数值的升高而降低。2）．残渣含量对树脂物化性质和胶合强度均有影响，残渣含量降低，树脂粘度减小，聚合时间缩短，游离酚含量降低，胶合强度升高。3）．甲醛／苯酚摩尔比对树脂的物化性质和胶合强度也有影响，甲醛／苯酚摩尔比增加，树脂粘度增加，聚合时间减少，游离酚含量减低，胶合强度升高。     

Durability of isocyanate resin adhesives for wood III: degradation under constant dry heating

The durability of isocyanate resins consisting of emulsion-type polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (EMDI) was investigated under constant dry heating. Two kinds of resin, water only-added resin and polyol/wateradded resin, were used in this study. The kinetic studies based on the weight losses of the resins were carried out by isothermal thermogravimetry (TG) at temperatures ranging from 260° to 320°C. The apparent activation energies of the resins were calculated for weight losses of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The values of apparent activation energy of the resins increased with increasing weight loss. The bond-strength reductions of the specimens bonded with the resins were observed at various temperatures from 120° to 180°C. The best-fitting regression function for the behavior of bond-strength reduction was determined statistically. The apparent activation energy of each resin was calculated from the regression function for the half-life period. According to the calculated values, the adhesion durability of polyol/wateradded resin was superior to that of water only-added resin. To speculate on the changes in weight loss and the chemical structure of the resins in the glue lines under dry heating, changes in the cured resins were also observed.Part of this paper was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, 1999