油菜连作及施用堆肥对土壤镉赋存形态和生物有效性的影响

通过温室土培盆栽试验,研究了重金属镉污染土壤上连作油菜及施用堆肥对土壤中镉赋存形态及生物有效性的影响。结果表明：（1）在油菜连作体系下,施用堆肥显著降低油菜地上部镉含量。施用堆肥改变了土壤镉赋存形态,显著降低土壤易溶态和碳酸盐结合态镉含量而增加土壤铁锰氧化物结合态镉含量,从而降低土壤镉的生物有效性。（2）在相同堆肥处理下,种植两茬油菜后的土壤易溶态和碳酸盐结合态镉含量与不种植油菜的处理相比显著降低;而土壤硫化物及有机结合态镉含量较对照有所上升,种植油菜对土壤铁锰氧化物结合态镉和残渣态含量影响不显著,但是不同积累镉能力油菜朱苍花籽和川油Ⅱ-93之间对土壤镉形态的影响差异不显著。     

籽粒硫苷特性对甘蓝型油菜吸收积累Cd的影响

油菜对Cd的吸收转运不仅受外源S供应的影响,且与自身S代谢关系非常密切。硫苷是影响油菜品质的重要含S次级代谢产物,而油菜籽粒硫苷含量能较好地表征油菜的硫苷特性。为了解油菜硫苷特性与油菜吸收积累Cd之间的关联,通过Cd污染土壤的大田试验,研究了不同硫苷特性甘蓝型油菜的Cd吸收积累特性。结果表明,初花期高、低硫苷油菜不同器官间Cd含量皆为根叶茎,成熟期皆为茎根壳籽粒。初花期高硫苷与低硫苷油菜对Cd的吸收积累无显著差异;而成熟期高硫苷油菜对Cd的吸收积累显著低于低硫苷油菜,高硫苷油菜成熟期根、茎、壳、籽粒Cd含量分别为3.90 mg?kg?1、4.50 mg?kg?1、0.97 mg?kg?1、0.17 mg?kg?1,低硫苷油菜则分别为4.57 mg?kg?1、5.20 mg?kg?1、1.32 mg?kg?1、0.29 mg?kg?1,比高硫苷油菜分别高17.18%(P0.05)、15.56%(P0.05)、36.08%(P0.05)、70.59%(P0.05)。成熟期高硫苷油菜壳/茎、籽粒/壳Cd转运系数分别为0.22和0.17,而低硫苷油菜分别为0.25和0.23,比高硫苷油菜分别高13.64%(P0.05)和35.29%(P0.05)。高硫苷油菜显著抑制了Cd从茎向其上位器官(壳、籽粒)的转运。研究结果还表明,低硫苷油菜与高硫苷油菜对污染土壤Cd的单季净化率分别仅为0.90%和0.76%,作为修复Cd污染土壤的富集植物,其净化效率皆有待提高。     

Impact of fresh root material and mature crop residues of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) on microbial communities associated with subsequent oilseed rape

Glasshouse bioassays were conducted to assess the impact of different inputs of oilseed rape plant material on soil and rhizosphere microbial diversity associated with subsequently grown oilseed rape (Brassica napus) plants. The first bioassay focussed on the effect of oilseed rape rhizodeposits and fresh detached root material on microbial communities, in a rapid-cycling experiment in which oilseed rape plants were grown successively in pots of field soil for 4 weeks at a time, with six cycles of repeated vegetative planting in the same pot. Molecular analyses of the microbial communities after each cycle showed that the obligate parasite Olpidium brassicae infected the roots of oilseed rape within 4 weeks after the first planting (irrespective of the influence of rhizodeposits alone or in the presence of fresh detached root material), and consistently dominated the rhizosphere fungal community, ranging in relative abundance from 43 to 88 % when oilseed rape was grown more than once in the same soil. Fresh detached root material also led to a reduction in diversity within the soil fungal community, due to the increased relative abundance of O. brassicae. In addition, rhizosphere bacterial communities were found to have a reduced diversity over time when fresh root material was retained in the soil. In the second glasshouse experiment, the effect of incorporating mature, field-derived oilseed rape crop residues (shoots and root material) on microbial communities associated with subsequently grown oilseed rape was investigated. As before, molecular analyses revealed that O. brassicae dominated the rhizosphere fungal community, despite not being prevalent in either the residue material or soil fungal communities.     

EFFECT OF EXTERNAL NITRATE CONCENTRATIONS ON NITRATE EFFLUX FROM ROOTS AND ACCUMULATION IN TWO BRASSICA NAPUS L. CULTIVARS

The nutrient solution was replaced on day 72 after sowing, and then the relationship between nitrate (NO₃)-nitrogen(N) concentration in plants and nitrate efflux from roots of two oilseed rape cultivars (Brassica napus L. cv. ‘Zhongyou 821’ (‘ZY821’) and “D89”) was compared on days 73, 74, and 75, respectively. Nitrate-N concentration in petioles of “ZY821” was significantly greater than in “D89”. Nitrate-N concentrations in the nutrient solution and petioles were high on day 73 and nitrate efflux from roots of “D89” was greater than from “ZY821”. On day 75, as nitrate-N concentrations in the nutrient solution declined, both the maximum cumulative efflux and efflux rate of “ZY821” was higher than “D89.” We hypothesized that “ZY821” could remobilize more nitrate-N from the petioles to meet its N needs. This would result in a decline in translocation of nitrate from roots to shoots and an increase in root cytoplasm nitrate concentrations and root efflux.     

土壤中水分和镉供应量对油菜器官中镉分布特征的影响

为探究油菜作为镉(Cd)污染农田修复植物的可行性,本研究以德油5号为试验材料,采用全生育期土培盆栽试验,设置高、中、低3个水平的土壤水分及4个水平的土壤镉含量,研究不同土壤水分条件下油菜对镉的吸收和富集规律。结果表明,土壤水分与镉浓度对油菜的吸镉能力影响显著,且其吸收量随着土壤水分与镉浓度的增加而增大;油菜不同器官的镉含量差异较大,其地上部分吸镉量为土壤总镉含量的0.41%～1.17%,叶片镉含量为总吸收量的46.4%～72.6%;不同水分条件下,油菜器官的镉富集量差异明显,高水、中水处理下油菜各器官的镉富集表现为叶>茎>根>角果壳>籽粒,低水处理下表现为叶>根>茎>角果壳>籽粒。综上,油菜整体具有较强的吸镉能力,但镉离子不溶于菜籽油,说明油菜可吸收土壤中的镉,又不影响菜籽油食用,是修复镉污染农田土壤的理想植物。本研究为利用油菜进行重金属土壤综合治理提供了理论依据。     

青葙修复镉污染土壤的田间试验研究

为探索氯化铵与柠檬酸和青葙(Celosia argentea L.)联合修复重金属Cd污染土壤的方法,通过田间试验,研究了氯化铵与柠檬酸对青葙生长和吸收富集Cd的影响、根际土与非根际土之间的差异,以及对土壤Cd含量和形态的影响。结果表明,种植青葙并施加氯化铵(C+AC)处理能显著促进青葙地上部干重的提高,比只种植青葙(C)处理增产53.03%;种植青葙并施加柠檬酸(C+CA)处理能提高青葙对Cd的吸收富集能力,地上部Cd含量比C处理提高16.64%;而C+AC处理对青葙地上部Cd积累量的促进效果最佳,比C处理提高69.49%;青葙的种植均显著降低根际土Cd的酸溶态含量,C、C+AC和C+CA处理的降低幅度分别为10.31%,15.00%和12.67%,显著大于非根际土;C+CA处理的土壤Cd含量降率最大,为5.33%,而不种植青葙,不施加药剂(CK)处理为1.43%,只有C+CA处理的26.83%。因此,青葙植物提取对Cd的降低仍起关键作用,且施加柠檬酸对表层土壤Cd的修复性能最好。     

The effect of different N rates on Cd speciation of Cd-contaminated soil with oilseed rape

The aim of the study is to explore the effects of Nitrogen (N) rates on the speciation of Cadmium (Cd) in soil with oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). A pot experiment was conducted at N1 (0 g/kg), N2 (0.125 g/kg), N3 (0.25 g/kg) and N4 (0.375 g/kg) rates. Correlation between Cd speciation and bioavailability, soil pH were analyzed. Cd speciation was significantly affected by N rates. Exchangeable Cd (EXC-Cd) and carbonate Cd (CAR-Cd) in soil showed a contrary pattern with residual Cd (RES-Cd) and organic Cd (ORG-Cd), respectively. Correlation analysis demonstrated EXC-Cd and CAR-Cd positively correlated with Cd bioavailability but negatively correlated with soil pH at later phase of oilseed rape (p < 0.05). Cd bioavailability could be promoted by increasing the EXC-Cd and CAR-Cd concentration at the expense of RES-Cd. Our results suggest that N rates may affect Cd speciation in regulation of soil pH, thus further affect Cd bioavailability.     

不同钾肥对再生水灌溉条件下土壤-作物系统Cd的影响

为了探明再生水灌溉条件下不同施钾肥处理对土壤-作物系统Cd的影响及差异性,通过田间微区试验研究了不同施钾肥处理对再生水灌溉番茄植株、果实以及根际土与非根际土Cd含量的影响。结果表明:再生水灌溉条件下,施钾肥处理可提高番茄果实产量,施加KCl较K2SO4增产效果明显,分别较不施肥处理可增产6.10%～24.00%和1.36%～13.16%;不施钾肥较不施肥处理番茄果实Cd含量降低,但降低幅度小于施加钾肥处理,施加KCl较K2SO4处理番茄果实Cd含量较低,Cd含量分别较不施钾肥处理分别减少58.33%和8.33%,且各处理均未超0.05mg/kg的限值标准;不施钾肥处理较不施肥处理土壤pH、Cd含量有所降低,降低幅度小于施钾肥处理,有效态Cd有所增加,施加KCl和K2SO4较不施肥处理有效态Cd降低,施加KCl和K2SO4较不施钾肥处理根际土和非根际土pH、Cd含量和有效态Cd含量均有所降低,其中施加KCl根际土和非根际土Cd含量分别降低2.96%～3.11%和5.75%～14.22%,施加K2SO4分别降低4.14%～5.90%和8.10%～8.29%;施加KCl根际土和非根际土有效态Cd含量分别降低10.75%～16.19%和13.98%～28.74%,施加K2SO4分别降低15.97%～20.55%和19.91%～24.70%。因此,再生水灌溉条件下,可通过选择施加适宜的钾肥种类,调控重金属Cd在土壤-作物系统的分布及其生物有效性,施加K2SO4较KCl相比,可一定程度降低土壤Cd全量及有效态Cd含量。     

Differences between soil solutions obtained from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils by water displacement and soil centrifugation

Soil solution was obtained from potted rhizosphere or non-rhizosphere soils by water displacement or soil centrifugation. The pH of the displaced solutions was lower than that of bulk soils when solutions were obtained from non-rhizosphere soil, although it increased as plants grew. This increase probably reflected true changes in rhizosphere pH, generated by the uptake by plants of N0₃-N. In contrast, the pH of soil centrifugates was usually close to that of the bulk soils, implying that buffering by colloids had occurred during sampling. Concentrations of elements in solutions from non-rhizosphere soil were similar for both methods when soils were incubated at ambient pCO₂. However, when non-rhizosphere soils were incubated at elevated pCO₂, displacement solutions had lower pH values, and much larger concentrations of elements, compared to soil centrifugates. Comparison of mass flow of elements versus actual plant uptake showed that Ca and Mg accumulated, while K, Zn and Cd were depleted from the rhizosphere. Displacement solutions showed this accumulation or depletion of the elements more clearly than soil centrifugates. These differences were attributed to the fact that, at constant soil moisture, the rhizosphere developed mainly in larger pores, which were sampled by displacement. With centrifugation, a mixture of pore sizes was sampled, so that rhizosphere solution was only obtained when all of the soil had become rhizosphere. Soil centrifugates obtained after 22 days of growth also contained higher concentrations of organic carbon than displacement solutions, indicating contamination due to the disruption of roots and/or micro-organisms. We conclude that water displacement is suitable for sampling solution from light to medium textured rhizosphere or non-rhizosphere soils and that soil centrifugation is only of limited suitability.     

Canola Takes Up More Cadmium and Phosphorus from Soil Than Spring Wheat

Abstract

Different sources of phosphorus (P) fertilizer (triple superphosphate and phosphate rocks) with different concentrations of cadmium (Cd) as an impurity were applied in different amounts to plots in a field experiment to produce soil with different concentrations of Cd. The plots were sown to canola (rape, Brassica napus L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). For each amount of Cd applied, the concentration of Cd in canola grain was about three times that in wheat grain. The concentration of P in canola grain was consistently about double that in wheat grain. Canola used all sources of P more effectively than wheat to produce dried shoots and grain.     

黄土丘陵沟壑区典型林地土壤微生物、酶活性和养分特征

通过对陕西吴起县黄土沟壑区退耕还林地不同林分(沙棘、刺槐、油松、小叶杨)根际与非根际土壤养分、酶活性和微生物特征进行研究,比较4种典型林分及退耕草地“根际效应”及根际对养分的截留效应,评价根际效应对土壤特性产生不同改良效果,为黄土沟壑区退耕地人工林科学选择造林树种提供理论支持。研究表明:1根际与非根际土壤中有机质含量、有效磷含量、碱解氮含量和速效钾含量表现出显著差异,有机质、有效磷、速效钾含量均呈现明显的根际聚集现象。2根际土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性总体高于非根际,仅油松样地中过氧化氢酶活性和小叶杨样地中脲酶活性根际低于非根际。3根际土壤中脲酶活性与细菌和真菌数量相关性达到显著水平,过氧化氢酶活性与真菌相关性达到显著水平;有机质含量与细菌、放线菌数量和脲酶活性相关性达到显著水平;碱解氮、有效磷含量均与细菌、真菌数量和脲酶活性相关性达到显著水平。在非根际土壤中,土壤养分含量与土壤微生物、土壤酶活性的相关性明显降低。4从土壤肥力综合水平看,根际土壤肥力水平综合得分总体上大于非根际土壤,其中根际土壤中沙棘小叶杨油松刺槐草地。沙棘能大幅度提高土壤肥力,具有较好的土壤改良效果。     

镉对油菜幼苗生长及微量元素含量的影响

通过营养液培养,重点研究了不同浓度镉（Cd）胁迫下,中双9号冬油菜（Brassica napus L.）幼苗体内生理生化及微量元素（Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu）含量的变化特征,目的是进一步阐明Cd胁迫对油菜生长产生毒害的作用机理。结果发现,Cd胁迫显著抑制了油菜幼苗的生长,植株根系和地上部干重随着Cd浓度的升高而显著降低;油菜幼苗叶片中光合色素含量也随着Cd浓度的升高而显著降低;油菜幼苗根系和地上部4种微量元素浓度也随着Cd浓度的升高发生了显著变化;同时,油菜幼苗体内抗氧化酶（SOD、POD和CAT）活性随着Cd浓度的升高表现出先显著升高后显著降低的趋势。这些结果表明,外源Cd胁迫通过降低油菜幼苗光合色素含量、抑制植株光合作用,引起幼苗体内养分代谢紊乱,诱导产生氧化胁迫等抑制了油菜幼苗的生长。研究还发现,中双9号油菜幼苗地上部Cd浓度和Cd富集量显著低于根系,中双9号应该属于低吸收Cd的冬油菜品种。     

Potassium‐fertilizer management in winter oilseed‐rape production in China

Optimal potassium (K) fertilization is beneficial for oilseed‐rape (Brassica napus L.) yield and quality. However, the discrepancy between the high K demand of winter oilseed rape and low soil fertility and insufficient potassium input has limited the sustainable development of oilseed‐rape production. A series of on‐farm experiments in the key winter oilseed‐rape domains of China was conducted from 2004 to 2010 to evaluate K‐fertilizer management for winter oilseed rape. Currently, the average NH₄OAc‐extractable K content in the 0–20 cm soil layer is 89.1 mg kg^–1 indicative of “slight deficiency”. In addition, farmers in China usually fail to use sufficient K fertilizer in oilseed‐rape production, the average mineral‐potassium‐fertilizer input in 2010 being only 35 kg K ha^–1, far lower than the recommended rate of potassium for winter oilseed rape. Adequate potassium fertilization significantly raises seed yield. The average yield‐increase rate for the major production regions due to K‐fertilizer application was 18.5%, and the average K fertilizer–use efficiency 36.1%. Based on the negative correlation between yield response to potassium fertilization and available soil K content, a soil‐K‐test index was established for winter oilseed rape with a threshold value for NH₄OAc‐extractable soil K of 135 mg kg^–1. When available soil K‐content is below this threshold value, more K fertilizer should be applied to achieve high seed yield and to increase soil fertility. The major challenge for K‐fertilizer management in winter oilseed‐rape production in China will be to guide farmers in the different regions in making reasonable use of K fertilizer through soil K‐testing technology in order to maintain both seed yield and soil fertility.     

石灰土地区几种作物根际与非根际土壤养分特征对比研究——以重庆市中梁山为例

以重庆市中梁山石灰土地区为研究区,选择莴笋、红菜苔、白菜、瓢儿菜和桔子5种不同的作物,通过野外采样和室内实验分析的方法,分别测定了5种作物的根际与非根际土壤的全氮、全磷、全钾、水解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质的含量以及土壤pH值,并进行了对比分析。结果表明,根际与非根际土壤的全氮、全磷、全钾、水解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质和pH值之间均表现出显著的差异性（p<0.05）。这5种作物的养分含量除了桔子树的根际土壤速效磷出现亏缺外,其余4种作物根际土壤的全氮、全磷、全钾、水解氮、速效磷以及速效钾都高于非根际土壤,不同作物出现了不同程度的富集现象。另外,根际土壤的pH值均低于非根际土壤;根际土壤有机质含量均高于于非根际土壤。     

黑曲霉对潮褐土镉、锌污染的原位固定修复潜力研究

采用温室盆栽试验,研究了在黑曲霉(30582)作用下油菜对潮褐土Cd、Zn复合污染胁迫的耐性及富集特征。结果表明:接入黑曲霉菌液对油菜地上部干重总体上无明显影响,且降低了油菜对土壤Cd、Zn的吸收量。加入黑曲霉菌液后,油菜地上部和地下部Cd含量较对照最高分别降低了31.60%,37.82%;地上部和地下部Zn含量较对照处理最高分别降低了35.12%,35.74%;土壤有效态Cd、Zn含量显著减少,较对照最高分别降低了30.51%,39.64%。综上,黑曲霉有效地降低了污染土壤中Cd、Zn的生物有效性,对土壤中低浓度重金属污染的原位固定表现出较佳的效果,具备应用于修复Cd、Zn污染土壤的潜力。     

Measurement of Nitrate Efflux from Roots and Its Relation to Nitrate Accumulation in Two Oilseed Rape Cultivars

Studies have reported significant differences in nitrate accumulation among genotypes within a crop species, but the reason for these differences is not clear. This study investigated nitrate (NO₃) efflux from roots of two oilseed rape cultivars (Brassica napus L. cvs. ZY821 and D89) and the relationship between nitrate efflux and plant nitrate accumulation. Nitrate efflux was estimated by measuring nitrate released from roots into nitrate-free nutrient solutions 58 days after sowing. The solutions were buffered with either 2.0 mM (n-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES) or 0.05 mM phosphate. Whole-plant and petiole nitrate accumulations were significantly greater for ZY821 compared to D89. Nitrate efflux varied diurnally, and the difference between cultivars was greater in the morning than in the afternoon. Data suggested that the relatively high pH of the phosphate-buffered solutions increased nitrate efflux rates from oilseed rape plants; therefore phosphate buffer should not be used when making direct determinations of nitrate efflux. Maximum cumulative nitrate efflux was 0.97 μmol g^?1 fresh-weight (FW) root for ZY821 and 1.9 μmol g^?1 FW root for D89. Maximum nitrate efflux rate was 0.084 μmol g^?1 FW min^?1 for ZY821 and 0.097 μmol g^?1 FW min^?1 for D89. These results indicated that between the two cultivars, ZY821 had the greatest petiole nitrate nitrogen concentration and the lowest total nitrate efflux. We suggest that cultivars with low nitrate efflux rates are able to translocate and store greater amounts of nitrate in aboveground plant organs, especially in petioles.     

湘中紫色丘陵区不同植被类型根际与非根际土壤理化特征

[目的]探索湘中紫色丘陵区不同植被类型根际与非根际土壤的理化特征,为湘中地区生态修复提供理论依据。[方法]以典型抽样方法调查湘中丘陵区草丛(G)、草灌(GS)、灌木(S)和乔灌(AS)4种典型植被,研究其根际与非根际土壤理化性质的差异,通过典型相关分析揭示根际与非根际土壤理化指标间的耦合关系。[结果]研究区草丛和灌木根际土壤中细砂粒(0.25~0.05mm)含量分别显著(p0.05)低于乔灌63.84%和76.97%;粉粒(0.02~0.002mm)含量表现为草和灌木分别显著高于乔灌的38.48%和37.66%。根际土壤0.25~0.05mm微团聚体含量均表现为乔灌高于其他植被,0.02~0.002mm微团聚体含量均表现为灌木高于其他植被。草灌与灌木非根际土壤有机质含量显著(p0.05)低于根际土壤148.05%和121.92%,灌木和草灌根际土壤有机质含量显著(p0.05)高于乔灌土壤84.28%和92.08%;草灌根际土壤全氮含量显著(p0.05)高于非根际土壤83.33%,草灌根际土壤碱解氮含量显著(p0.05)高于乔灌土壤200.83%;不同植被类型根际/非根际土壤磷含量差异不明显,总体来看,同一植被根际土壤全磷含量低于非根际土壤,而有效磷表现为乔灌最低;乔灌根际土壤速效钾含量分别显著(p0.05)低于草丛和草灌土壤125.15%和137.71%,除草灌外,其余植被类型根际土壤全钾含量均低于非根际土壤。典范相关分析表明土壤有机质和全量养分含量,2~1,1~0.5,0.25~0.05mm土粒含量,2~1,1~0.5mm团聚体3组理化性状间相互关系密切。[结论]改善土壤理化性质,促进湘中丘陵地区生态恢复,应注重协调土壤养分、颗粒组成及团聚体之间的耦合关系。     

Changes in soil biological activities under reduced soil pH during Thlaspi caerulescens phytoextraction

Phytoextraction of soil Cd and Zn may require reduction in soil pH in order to achieve high metal uptake. Reducing the pH of high metal soil, however, could negatively affect soil ecosystem function and health. The objectives of this study were to characterize the quantitative causal relationship between pH and soil biological activities in two Zn and Cd contaminated soils and to investigate the relationship between metals and soil biological activities under low pH. Soils were adjusted to five or six different pH levels by sulfur addition, followed by salt leaching. Thlaspi caerulescens was grown for 6 months, and both the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil biological activities were tested after harvest. Reducing pH significantly lowered soil alkaline phosphatase activity, arylsulphatase activity, nitrification potential, and respiration. However, acid phosphatase activity was increased with decreasing pH. The relationship between soil biological activities and pH was well characterized by linear or quadratic regression models with R² values ranging from 0.57 to 0.99. In general, the three enzyme activities, nitrification potential, and the ratio of alkaline phosphatase to acid phosphatase activity were very sensitive indicators of soil pH status while soil respiration was not sensitive to pH change. The rhizosphere soil had higher biological activities than non-rhizosphere soil. The negative effects observed in the non-rhizosphere soil were alleviated by the rhizosphere influence. However, rhizosphere soil after 6 months phytoextraction showed lower nitrification potential than non-rhizosphere soil, probably due to substrate limitation in our study.     

小麦和油菜Mn有效性差异的机制

By solution culture experiment,three wheat genotypes(Triticum aestivum,L.) and two oilseed rape genotypes (Brassica napus L.)differing in Mn efficiency under Mn-deficient conditions were used to study mechanisms of the difference in Mn efficiency between wheat and oilseed rape,The results showed that there were significant differences in the abilities of MnIV reduction and acidification in root rhizosphere between the two species.Compared with wheatl,oilseed rape had much higher reducing capacity and intensity of rhizosphere acidification under Mn-deficient conditions.Moreover,the higher ratio of functional leaves Mn/old leaves Mn in oilseed rape than in wheat was also an imprtant factor for the different Mn efficiencies between the two species.     

南方稀土矿区植物根际与非根际土壤碳氮含量与pH值变化

[目的]揭示南方稀土矿区根际与非根际养分含量变化,为南方稀土矿区的生态恢复和侵蚀退化区的水土保持提供科学依据。[方法]以福建省长汀县稀土矿治理区为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,选取3个稀土矿开采区进行植物样方调查及土壤取样,对研究区的主要水土保持植物(芒萁、枫香)根际与非根际土壤碳氮含量、pH值变化以及根际与非根际间土壤碳氮含量、pH值的差异性进行研究分析。[结果](1)随着治理年限的增加,芒萁根际土壤的有机碳、全氮含量逐渐升高,硝态氮含量逐渐减少,pH值先增加后减少,铵态氮含量无显著性差异;枫香根际土壤的硝态氮随着治理年限的增加而减少,而有机碳、全氮、铵态氮含量和pH值均无显著性差异。(2)随着治理年限的增加,芒萁非根际土壤的有机碳、全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮均无显著性差异,pH值先增加后减少;枫香非根际土壤的有机碳、全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、pH值均无显著性差异。(3)芒萁根际土壤的有机碳含量显著高于非根际土壤的有机碳含量,全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和pH值均无显著性差异;而枫香根际与非根际土壤养分含量均无显著性差异。[结论]植被能够改善土壤,但土壤肥力恢复却是一个长期的过程。