犬源大肠杆菌耐药与毒力的分子特征

从9份病犬血便和6份健康犬粪便样品中分离出17株大肠杆菌,分别进行了生化鉴定,耐药基因blaCTX-M、blaTEM和blaSHV以及24种毒力基因的PCR扩增,13种抗菌药的药敏检测,以及ESBL表型鉴定、MLST分型、菌株分群和质粒分型。研究发现,病犬分离出的大肠杆菌多为致病性的ESBL表型耐药菌,携带多种质粒以及blaCTX-M和/或blaTEM-1基因,检测到10种毒力相关基因,健康犬分离出的大肠杆菌对多数抗菌药敏感,绝大部分未检测到质粒及blaCTX-M、blaTEM和blaSHV耐药基因。本研究从健康犬大肠杆菌分离株检测到3种新的ST型,分别为ST4001、ST4002和ST4003。结果表明,犬致病性大肠杆菌耐药情况十分严重,其临床治疗难度以及耐药性传播风险将加大,并对于人类健康具有潜在威胁,应予以重视。     

仔猪腹泻性大肠杆菌多黏菌素耐药基因mcr-1筛查及其多重耐药基因检测

为了摸清四川地区致仔猪腹泻性大肠杆菌多黏菌素耐药基因mcr-1流行状况及阳性菌株多重耐药基因携带情况,试验采用含多黏菌素E(2μg/mL)的伊红美蓝琼脂培养基筛选多黏菌素E耐药性大肠杆菌,并通过PCR方法检测多黏菌素E耐药基因mcr-1及mcr-1阳性菌株的β-内酰胺酶类、磺胺类、四环素、喹诺酮类、氯霉素类等多重耐药基因的共存状况。结果表明:获得的84株多黏菌素E耐药性大肠杆菌中有49株携带mcr-1耐药基因,阳性率为58.33%。49株mcr-1阳性菌株中磺胺类耐药基因sul1、sul2、sul3检出率为(100%,49/49);氯霉素类耐药基因FLOR检出率为(100%,49/49);四环素类耐药基因tetA的检出率最高(100%,49/49),其次为tetM(63.27%,31/49);β-内酰胺酶类耐药基因以bla_(TEM)与bla_(CMY)为主,检出率分别为75.51(37/49)和61.22%(30/49);喹诺酮类耐药基因以qnrS(87.76%,43/49)、acc-ib-cr(61.22%,30/49)、oqxAB(75.51%,37/49)为主,而qnrA、qnrC、qnrD的检出率均为0。说明携带多黏菌素E耐药基因mcr-1的阳性菌株的多重耐药情况非常严重,从而导致耐药基因的广泛存在以及高水平的传播,威胁人类的健康。     

山东地区乳房炎牛奶中大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

试验旨在了解山东地区乳房炎牛奶中大肠杆菌的污染状况及耐药情况。选择山东省3个地区的规模化奶牛场共采集227份牛奶样品,采用细菌学方法对大肠杆菌进行分离鉴定,用微量肉汤稀释法检测分离菌对11种常规抗菌药物的敏感性,采用PCR方法对常见的13种耐药基因、8种毒力基因和Ⅰ类整合子基因盒结构进行分析。结果显示,从227份牛奶样品中共分离出71株大肠杆菌;大肠杆菌对1种及1种以上抗菌药耐药的菌株达到77.5%,多重耐药率为15.5%,其中对多黏菌素耐药率为52.2%,对阿莫西林-克拉维酸耐药率为39.4%,而所有菌株均对新霉素表现为敏感。PCR检测耐药基因、毒力基因和Ⅰ类整合子结果显示,β-内酰胺类耐药基因中blaTEM基因携带率为100%,其中全部为blaTEM-1基因,blaCTX-M基因携带率为32.4%,其中主要为blaCTX-M-15基因,没有检测到blaSHV、blaOXA基因;多黏菌素的耐药基因mcr-1携带率为29.6%;喹诺酮类耐药基因中aac(6’)-Ⅰb-cr基因携带率为29.6%,qnrB基因携带率为20.8%,没有检测到qnrA和qnrC耐药基因;对8种毒力基因检测分析结果显示,仅Hly毒力基因没有被检出,Ecs3703、Irp2基因的检出率较高,分别为90.1%和63.4%,71株大肠杆菌中共有11株携带Ⅰ类整合子,检出率为15.5%,11株大肠杆菌携带6种耐药基因盒结构,最主要的耐药基因盒排列为dfr17-aadA5。本研究结果表明,山东地区乳房炎牛奶中大肠杆菌的耐药现象严重,携带毒力基因Ecs3703、Irp2的大肠杆菌可能是引起奶牛乳房炎的致病菌,Ⅰ类整合子的检测在细菌耐药性与基因携带率方面发挥着关键作用,可为临床预防和治疗奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌病提供理论依据。     

鸡源大肠杆菌ESBLs基因型检测及耐药性分析研究

为调查哈尔滨市周边地区鸡源大肠杆菌中超光谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)基因型的流行情况,探索携带ESBLs对鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性的影响,从哈尔滨市周边地区多个养殖场分离了137株鸡源大肠杆菌,用微量肉汤稀释法测定137株菌对18种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度,采用CLSI推荐的表型筛选和确证试验检测大肠杆菌携带ESBLs情况,用PCR方法检测ESBLs基因(blaTEM、blaSHV、blaCTX-M、blaOXA)的流行分布情况。结果显示:109株大肠杆菌为产ESBLs菌株,占79.6%;137株鸡源大肠杆菌对临床常用18种抗菌药物产生不同程度耐药,且产ESBLs大肠杆菌的耐药性比非产ESBLs大肠杆菌的耐药性严重;blaTEM、blaCTX-M基因阳性率分别为40.9%、71.5%,所有菌株均未扩增出blaSHV和blaOXA基因。提示,blaTEM和blaCTX-M基因为哈尔滨地区鸡源产ESBLs大肠杆菌的流行基因型,且鸡源产ESBLs大肠杆菌菌株分布广泛,应加强当地用药监管。     

广东地区水禽源大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药性及耐药基因检测

为了调查广东地区水禽源大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类抗菌药的耐药性和耐药基因的流行情况,本试验于2012—2014年从广东地区患病水禽中成功分离鉴定243株大肠杆菌,采用琼脂二倍稀释法测定大肠杆菌分离株对4种β-内酰胺类药物的敏感性,并通过PCR方法检测耐药株的耐药基因blaCTX-M、blaTEM和blaOXA。药敏试验结果显示,广东各地区的分离株对氨苄西林和阿莫西林耐药率较高,耐药率为80.00%~100.00%;而对头孢他啶和头孢噻呋耐药率较低,耐药率为9.09%~50.00%。PCR检测结果显示,在4种药物的耐药菌株中,耐药基因blaCTX-M、blaTEM和blaOXA的检出率分别为88.46%~90.87%、67.21%~88.52%和51.28%~59.02%。结果表明,水禽大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物普遍具有耐药性,其中青霉素类尤为严重。blaCTX-M、blaTEM和blaOXA基因为广东地区水禽源大肠杆菌携带的主要耐药基因,且耐药基因的普遍存在与临床日益严重的耐药现象有着很大的关系。     

新疆石河子市牛源大肠杆菌分离鉴定及对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药性分析

为调查石河子市牛源大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药表型和耐药基因携带情况,采集健康牛群粪便,采用常规细菌分离鉴定方法并结合16S rRNA PCR检测方法进行分离鉴定;参考Clermont方法对分离菌株进行系统分子分群,采用PCR方法检测分离菌株的β-内酰胺类耐药基因blaCTX-M、blaOXA、blaSHV和blaTEM携带情况,通过K-B纸片法测定分离菌株耐药表型。结果显示：分离鉴定出100株牛肠道大肠杆菌分属于A、B1、C和F群;分离株对头孢唑林和阿莫西林的耐药率在50%以上,对氨苄西林、头孢氨苄与头孢吡肟的耐药率均在5%以下,所有分离株对头孢吡肟敏感;5株分离菌株检测到blaSHV基因片段,1株检测到blaCTX-M基因片段,所有菌株均未检测到blaOXA和blaTEM基因片段。结果表明,石河子市牛源正常大肠杆菌已少部分携带耐药基因,且对部分β-内酰胺类药物产生了耐药性。结果提示,应加快减抗政策的实施。     

商品肉鸡场细菌超广谱β-内酰胺酶基因的荧光定量PCR检测

为了对商品肉鸡场细菌耐药基因进行监控,从商品肉鸡场中分离肠杆菌科细菌74株,包括36株大肠杆菌、12株克雷伯氏菌、26株变形杆菌;选用14种β-内酰胺类抗菌药进行药物敏感性试验,检测分离菌株大肠杆菌、克雷伯氏菌和变形杆菌对各种药物的耐药率分别为26.92%~69.23%、8.67%~57.69%和63.97%~95.32%;经过超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)表型测定,确定19株耐药菌能够产生ESBL;用PCR对19株产生ESBL的菌株进行blaTEM、blaSHV和blaCTX-M三种基因型检测,显示大肠杆菌、克雷伯氏菌和变形杆菌中三个基因型检出率分别为100%、93.1%、96.5%;100%、51.7%、68.9%;100%、89.6%、79.3%。blaTEM检测检出率均为最高,作为优势基因进行耐药基因实时检测。利用实时荧光定量PCR对4个肉鸡场空舍期和养殖期三个时期地面样品进行blaTEM基因检测,结果表明,养殖时间较长和管理较差的鸡舍blaTEM增加倍数升高。     

禽源耐黏菌素大肠杆菌耐药性分析

为研究禽源大肠杆菌的黏菌素耐药及mcr-1(mobile colistin resistance)基因携带情况并检测耐黏菌素大肠杆菌的耐药表型,分析其多重耐药性,从湖北不同地区分离并鉴定大肠杆菌117株,耐黏菌素大肠杆菌的比例为27.35%(32/117),其中mcr-1基因携带率为71.88%(23/32)。23株mcr-1阳性菌株的黏菌素MIC值均介于4～16μg/mL之间,为低水平的耐药。其中22株呈现出不同程度的多重耐药性,并对四环素、复方新诺明、氨苄西林的耐药率较高(85%),其次是萘啶酸和环丙沙星(73.91%);对阿奇霉素和氨曲南的耐药率较低(20%);未发现对阿米卡星和亚胺培南耐药的菌株。mcr-1阳性菌株对萘啶酸、环丙沙星、头孢曲松及头孢噻肟这4种抗生素的耐药率显著高于mcr-1阴性菌株(P0.05)。本研究为mcr-1介导的耐黏菌素机制研究提供了参考数据。     

青岛地区鸡源bla_(NDM)与mcr-1耐药基因的流行性试验

为了解青岛地区鸡源大肠杆菌中碳青霉烯耐药基因bla_(NDM)与黏菌素耐药基因mcr-1流行情况。2018-2019年从青岛地区共采集195份鸡直肠拭子和盲肠内容物,通过选择性培养基筛选目的菌株和16S rRNA菌属鉴定。采用琼脂稀释法测定菌株对10种常见重要抗菌药物的敏感性,通过PCR检测bla_(NDM)与mcr耐药基因并测序。结果共计分离到186株大肠杆菌,其中鸡泄殖腔源98株,鸡盲肠源88株。药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株对阿莫西林、四环素、头孢氨苄耐药率均高于90%;多黏菌素81.2%、庆大霉素88.7%、氧氟沙星86.6%和头孢噻肟87.1%,呈现较高的耐药率;对替加环素(4.8%)则表现低水平耐药率。进一步分析发现,62.9%的测试菌株对8种以上药物耐药,表现多重耐药。耐药基因检测揭示了31.2%(n=58)大肠杆菌携带mcr-1基因,7.5%(n=14)携带bla_(NDM),包括1株bla_(NDM-1)、1株bla_(NDM-9)、12株bla_(NDM-5)。其中6株大肠杆菌株同时携带了bla_(NDM)和mcr-1,包括5株bla_(NDM-5)+mcr-1和1株bla_(NDM-9)+mcr-1。表明山东青岛地区鸡源大肠杆菌耐药菌检出率较高,多重耐药现象严重;且bla_(NDM)和mcr-1存在共同传播。     

犬源大肠埃希菌对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药表型和耐药基因检测

为研究犬源大肠埃希菌的耐药情况,对成都地区采集的犬肛门拭子进行细菌分离鉴定,共分离156株大肠埃希菌,同时,进行5种抗生素耐药性检测和β-内酰胺类药物耐药基因的菌株筛选。结果显示,大肠埃希菌对β-内酰胺类耐药率较高,头孢喹肟100%,氨苄西林73.1%,但对美罗培南敏感率高达95.5%。采用PCR方法检测β-内酰胺类药物常见的3种耐药基因blaCTX-M、blaSHV和blaTEM,blaCTX-M检出率最高为89.74%,blaTEM为78.84%,blaSHV无检出。耐药性和耐药基因比较表明,犬源大肠埃希菌β-内酰胺类的耐药性与耐药基因型检出率基本呈正相关,为成都犬源大肠埃希菌β-内酰胺类药物的耐药现状和疾病治疗提供了理论依据。     

247株猪源沙门菌对四环素类药物耐药性和耐药基因的检测分析

为探究猪源沙门菌分离株对四环素类抗菌药物耐药性及四环素耐药基因(tet)的流行与分布情况,从7省的合作猪场采集病死猪肝脏、肺脏、肠道作细菌分离,利用沙门菌属特异性侵袭基因(invA)和16S rDNA扩增、测序等方法进行鉴定,并用微量肉汤稀释法测定沙门菌分离株对四环素类抗菌药物的敏感性,PCR方法测定tet基因,以及ERIC-PCR方法分析猪源沙门菌之间的相关性和遗传关系。从823份病料中分离鉴定出247株猪源沙门菌,分离率为30.01%。药敏结果显示,对多西环素、土霉素的耐药率分别为87.45%和94.74%。PCR检测发现,分别有62,66,3株单独携带tetA、tetB、tetC基因;分别有38,8,4,7,1株菌同时携带两种不同的tet基因(tetA+B、tetA+C、tetA+D、tetB+C、tetC+D);分别有9,6,1,6,1,4,3株菌同时携带3种不同的tet基因(tetA+B+C、tetA+B+D、tetA+B+M、tetA+C+D、tetA+D+M、tetB+C+D、tetB+C+M);分别有6,2株菌同时携带4种不同的tet基因(tetA+B+C+D、tetA+C+D+M);没有检测到单独携带tetD、tetM以及同时携带5种tet基因的菌株。接合试验表明,tetM可与tetA或tetC共同在沙门菌与大肠杆菌间转移,导致菌株多西环素抗性水平转移。试验菌共分为A~δ共30个ERIC型,tet基因分布于不同ERIC型菌株中,表明其在试验菌株间水平扩散。本试验首次在猪源沙门菌中发现了编码核糖体保护蛋白的四环素类耐药基因tetM。猪源沙门菌对四环素类药物耐药严重,对多西环素、土霉素具有普遍耐药性,tetA、tetB基因在7省猪源沙门菌中流行最广泛,分离菌对四环素类药物的普遍耐药性与单个或多个tet基因的普遍存在密切相关。     

四川部分区域鸽源沙门菌耐药表型及耐药基因检测

为了解四川省成都市及周边区域鸽源沙门菌的耐药表型及耐药基因携带情况,通过常规细菌分离鉴定并结合PCR方法,获得42株鸽源沙门菌,采用K-B纸片法,选取20种抗生素,对42株鸽源沙门菌进行药敏试验,并结合PCR方法对其耐药基因携带情况进行检测。结果显示:受检菌对链霉素、四环素、多西环素耐药率为88. 1%;对阿莫西林耐药率为83. 3%;对头孢拉定、氨苄西林、萘啶酸的耐药率为81. 0%。42株沙门菌皆有不同程度的多重耐药性,其中33株同时耐4种以上抗生素,占检测菌株的78. 6%(33/42),主要的耐药谱为CTX-CRO-FLO-CPIOFL-AKN。42株沙门菌喹诺酮类耐药基因aac (6')-Ib-cr检出率最高,为88. 09%(37/32);氨基糖苷类耐药基因aadA1、aph (3)Ⅱ、aac(3)Ⅱ检出率分别为80. 95%(34/42)、76. 19%(32/42)、16. 67%(7/42);β-内酰胺类耐药基因blaTEM-1、bla CMY-2检出率分别为42. 86%(18/42)、19. 04%(8/42);四环素类耐药基因tet M、tet A、tet B检出率分别为40. 4%(17/42)、38. 09%(16/42)、9. 52%(4/42);磺胺类耐药基因sul2检出率为80. 95%(34/42);喹诺酮类耐药基因qnrA检出率为38. 09%(16/42)。结果表明:四川省成都市及周边区域鸽源沙门菌存在普遍耐药,且多重耐药较为严重,耐药基因携带率高。     

14种景天属植物的抗旱性比较

在田间持续干旱胁迫条件下,通过比较14种景天属植物的表观形态、叶片相对含水量、丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量等指标,分析其抗旱性。结果表明,乡巴佬景天（Sedum spectabile cv.Mossback）、八宝景天（S.spectaile Boreau）、何布景天（S.telephium cv.Herbstfreude）、冰山奇观景天（S.spectabile cv.Iceberg）和奇观景天（S.spectabile cv.Rosenteller）的抗旱性最强;詹姆士景天（S.spectabile cv.Jameson）、主妇景天（S.matrona）、粉红景天（S.spectabile cv.Rosebloom）、红景天（S.spectabile cv.Brilliant）、德国景天（S.hybridum）和粗壮景天（S.engleri）的抗旱性次之;反曲景天（S.reflexum）、胭脂红景天（S.spurium cv.Coccineum）和费菜（S.aizoon）的抗旱性最弱。     

鸡源性沙门氏菌耐药基因检测与耐药相关性分析

为研究沙门氏菌耐药基因与其耐药性之间的关系,本研究以K-B纸片法对临床分离的29株鸡源性沙门氏菌进行10种抗菌药物敏感性测定,应用PCR技术进行这些抗菌药物相关耐药基因检测.并通过质粒接合试验证明了耐药性及耐药基因的转移.结果显示:29株分离株对氨苄西林耐药率为31.0％,对头孢唑啉耐药率为10.3％,对四环素耐药率为44.8％,对复合磺胺耐药率为41.4％,对氯霉素耐药率为3.4％,对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星的耐药率均为37.9％,但对庆大霉素和卡那霉素均敏感.本实验共检测到8种耐药基因,其中blatem-1阳性率为31.0％,tetA和tetB阳性率为44.8％,sull和sul2阳性率为41.3％,aadAl阳性率为3.4％,dfrA1阳性率为10.3％,qnr阳性率为37.9％,而tetG、blaCMY-2和catI均未检出.此外,通过与非耐药菌接合后绝大部分接合子均获得了供体菌质粒编码的相应抗性表型,耐药基因在接合过程也发生了转移,赋予被接合细菌新的耐药性.以上结果表明沙门氏菌的耐药性与其相关耐药基因的检出率基本一致,而且耐药性通过质粒进行转移.     

High diversity of coagulase negative staphylococci species in wild boars,with low antimicrobial resistance rates but detection of relevant resistance genes

This work was focused to determine the prevalence and the species diversity of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in wild boars, and to study their antimicrobial resistance phenotype and genotype. Nasal samples of 371 wild boars from six Spanish regions were collected for CoNS recovery. The identification was performed by MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility for eight antimicrobial agents was studied by disc-diffusion method and the presence of 31 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR.CoNS were detected in nasal samples of 136/371 animals tested (36.6%), and 161 isolates were obtained (1–3/animal); a high diversity of species was found (n = 17), with predominance of S. sciuri (n = 64), S. xylosus (n = 21) and S. chromogenes (n = 17). Among CoNS isolates, 22.4% showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial tested. Tetracycline-resistance phenotype was the most frequently detected (10.5%), generally mediated by tet(K) gene [associated or not with tet(L)]. Other relevant resistance genes were identified including unusual ones [mecA, erm(B), erm(F), mphC, erm(43), msr(A)/msr(B), lnu(A), dfrG, fexA, and cat_pC221].This is the first study in which CoNS isolates from wild boars are analysed. The knowledge of antimicrobial phenotype and genotype of CoNS in natural ecosystems is highly important since these staphylococcal species can act as vectors of relevant antimicrobial resistance mechanisms.     

Salmonella and antimicrobial resistance in broilers: A review

Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic pathogen which can readily pass from animal to man through the consumption of contaminated food. The prevalence of Salmonella enterica associated with poultry and poultry meat products has been well-documented and this prevalence has both public health and economic implications. The estimated total cost for nontyphoidal Salmonella is in excess of 14 billion dollars/year in the United States alone. Almost 41,930 cases of nontyphoidal foodborne salmonellosis are confirmed annually with an estimated total number of 1 million cases of foodborne salmonellosis not reported. The emergence of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella recovered from meat products has heightened concerns regarding antimicrobial use in food animal production. This review will cover the history and taxonmy of Salmonella enterica, Salmonella in poultry and poultry products, colonization factors, transmission, detection and characterization, antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance, mechanisms of resistance in Salmonella by class, transmission of antimicrobial resistance, and the global implications of antimicrobial resistance.     

草坪草抗性研究进展

草坪是人类生态系统的重要组成部分之一。近年来,随着我国人民生活水平的提高和观念的改变,草坪业发展迅速,草坪得到广泛应用。本文从种子发芽、根系构型、光合特征和生理生化参数等角度综述了草坪草在抗旱性、抗涝性、抗热性、抗寒性、抗盐性等方面的研究现状,草坪草的上述抗性的强弱因草坪草的品种和试验条件的不同而有明显的差异。同时,还综述了通过施用肥料、添加微生物和生长调节物质来提高草坪草的抗性,为进一步开展抗性研究提供一些思路,为提高植物抗性提供有效途径。     

Anthelmintic resistance in New Zealand

Anthelmintic resistance was first confirmed in New Zealand in 1979 and since then has become common-place; more than 50 % of sheep farms now have detectable levels of resistance to one or more chemical classes of anthelmintic. Farmer drenching practices have changed little over the last 15–20 years and are clearly exerting a significant level of selection for resistance. In the absence of new chemical classes of anthelmintics, current parasite control practices will be unsustainable in the long-term. Once substantial resistance has developed, significant reversion to susceptibility is unlikely and re-introduction of failed drugs is likely to result in the rapid re-emergence of control problems. The number of anthelmintic treatments applied is not necessarily a reliable indicator of selection pressure and should not be the only factor considered in strategies for minimising the development of resistance. The relative potential of the different anthelmintics now available, particularly the long- acting products, to select for resistance varies with the way they are used and with other epidemiological and management factors; generalisations about their respective roles in the development of resistance are often unreliable. In many cases, literal extrapolation of recommendations for the management of resistance from Australia to New Zealand is unsupportable, given the differences in climate, parasite ecology and farming practices between the 2 countries. In the absence of a refuge for susceptible genotypes, as occurs when anthelmintic treatments are used as a means of generating low-contamination ‘safe’ pasture for young stock, the rapid development of resistance is likely. Anthelmintic treatments applied to animals with a high level of immunity, or which become immune while the anthelmintic is active, are likely to select for resistance faster than treatments applied to non-immune stock.     

乌鲁木齐市宠物猫源大肠杆菌耐药性及耐药基因检测

为了解宠物猫源大肠杆菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性及其耐药基因携带情况,在乌鲁木齐市多家宠物医院采集宠物猫肛拭子样品59份进行大肠杆菌的分离鉴定,通过琼脂稀释法测定10种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度,利用PCR方法检测13种耐药基因。结果:分离鉴定出大肠杆菌47株,分离率79.7%(47/59)。分离菌对四环素(TET)(83.0%)、阿莫西林-克拉维酸(A/C)(66.0%)和磺胺异噁唑(FIS)(66.0%)耐药情况严重;对头孢他啶(TAZ)、头孢曲松(CRO)、恩诺沙星(EN)、庆大霉素(GEN)耐药率在38.3%～48.9%;对环丙沙星(CIP)、阿米卡星(AMK)敏感性较好,未检出亚胺培南耐药菌株。菌株多药耐药分布在5～8耐,占比59.6%,耐药表型以1耐TET和6耐A/C+GEN+CRO+TAZ+TET+FIS为主。共检出ant(3″)-Ia、aac(6′)-Ib、bla_TEM、bla_CTX-M、qnrS、tetA、tetB、tetM、sulⅠ、sulⅡ10种耐药基因,检出率分布在8.5%～57.4%,未检出耐药基因oqxB、bla     

Antimicrobial resistance of feline staphylococci in south-eastern England

Staphylococcus aureus is reported as the predominant feline staphylococcal pathogen. There is concern that cats may transfer resistant staphylococci to humans. In this study, staphylococci were obtained from skin and mucosae of 20 domestic cats, 9 with lesions, and 10 healthy feral cats. Species were identified by DNase and API ID32 Staph tests. Of 187 isolates, 21.4% were coagulase-positive and predominately from lesional cats; 90% of these were Staphylococcus intermedius . Coagulase-negative species were isolated equally in all three groups. All isolates were susceptible to coamoxiclav, cephalexin and bacitracin. Twenty-two, including 18 coagulase-negative isolates, showed some resistance to cotrimoxazole, lincomycin, enrofloxacin or oxytetracycline. Two isolates were resistant to more than one antibiotic. More resistant isolates were obtained from feral cats ( P < 0.01). The results suggest that S. intermedius is the principal coagulase-positive species. Antibiotic resistance is generally low amongst feline staphylococci. Higher resistance amongst feral cats suggests exposure to environmental antibiotics.