大型抽水站排水状态分析及计算

对大型抽水站主水泵机组进行检修或调相运行时，主水泵进水管的排水状态，排水时间以及排水泵的选型等问题，进行了较详细的分析计算，供大型抽水站及水电站排水系统设计参考。     

公路排水设施设计与施工技术分析

公路是保证人们正常出行的建筑设施,而公路项目竣工后期的维护工作是保证公路正常开通的前提。在后期的维护工作中,设计良好的排水系统防止公路路面积水,延长公路的使用寿命。文章主要论述了公路排水的设施设计,并对施工技术进行了分析。     

河套灌区红卫节水示范园排水效果分析

介绍了内蒙古自治区河套灌区乌拉特前旗红卫节水试验示范园排水系统建后预测的情况，分析表明，示范园排水系统对于控制地下水位，改良盐碱地，建设高产稳产农田起了重要的作用。     

城北橡胶坝充排水系统优化设计

橡胶坝技术已广泛应用于低水头拦河工程建设,在水利、水电、水运、市政等各方面的实践,己证明其强大的生命力。橡胶坝充排水设计是橡胶坝控制系统的主要设计内容,通过分析工程实例,对充、坍坝控制时间的分析计算和排水坍坝方式的合理选择进行优化设计,并确定出采用混合排水方式时的自排水与机排水的分界点,以合理控制水泵电机的开启时间;简化充排水管路,便于控制和工程运行的同时,节省工程投资。城北橡胶坝在充排水系统方面的优化设计,为同类橡胶坝工程充排水系统的设计提供参考或借鉴。     

大型潜水电泵接力排水系统运行工况研究

根据深部矿井抢险救灾排水的实际特点，分析了影响大型潜水电泵接力排水系统运行工况的主要因素，建立了相应的数学模型，并用Visual Baslc6．0开发了一个通用的深部矿井抢险救灾接力排水系统运行工况确定与分析程序。结合实例，验证了建立的数学模型和开发的应用程序，为合理确定和实际掌握大型潜水电泵接力排水系统的运行工况提供了依据，提高了抢险排水的可靠度。     

多阶段受涝渍综合影响的农田排水指标试验研究

通过对棉花2年(2003~2004年)的涝渍兼治农田排水试验,研究了作物在全生育阶段均受涝渍影响的农田排水指标,还对多阶段涝渍共同作用下的作物水分生产函数进行了研究。通过对2年的实测数据的分析可以看出:用涝渍共同作用下的农田排水指标与棉花的相对产量之间有较好的相关关系,并对各生育阶段对涝渍的敏感性进行了排序,可供涝渍综合影响下排水系统的设计与运行管理参考。     

玉米涝渍胁迫的水分产量关系试验研究

在原状土测坑采用原位受淹法,对玉米苗期、拔节期、抽雄吐丝期、成熟期实施受淹试验。结果表明,不同生育期涝渍胁迫降低了玉米产量,苗期、拔节期淹水处理后,株高、抽雄和吐丝的日期分别受到抑制和推迟;玉米各个生育期对涝渍胁迫的敏感顺序依次为,苗期>拔节期>抽雄吐丝期>成熟期;玉米相对产量与涝渍指标SDI30、SDI50、SDI80呈良好的线性关系,且与SDI50相关性显著。改进的作物水分生产函数模型合理,具有可行性。所得涝渍综合指标对排水系统的设计与运行管理有参考价值。     

变电站电缆层远程智能排水控制系统

文章基于对现有排水装置或排水系统的分析,介绍了变电站电缆层远程智能排水控制系统,主要包括总体设计、方案实施、现场应用等方面,实现水位信息远程报警、排水装置自动开关,智能排水控制系统的应用提高了变电站电缆运行的安全性和稳定性。     

高可靠性煤矿抢险排水系统的研究

针对我国矿山抢险排水中存在的问题 ,提出了一种充油式混流潜水电泵与大型矿用潜水电泵串联而成的新型接力排水系统 ,该接力排水系统可以将被淹没矿井内积水排至井底以上 0 .5 m处 ,接力泵平均无故障工作时间 (MTBF)由 60 h提高到 60 0 0 h,该接力排水系统的研制成功 ,解决了困扰我国煤矿抢险排水业 2 0余年的高故障率问题     

大型矿用潜水电泵接力排水系统的改进

针对我国矿山抢险排水中存在的问题。分析全贯流式轴流潜水电泵与大型矿用潜水电泵组成的接力排水系统存在的不足。研制开发了充油式混流潜水电泵与大型矿用潜水电泵组成的新型接力排水系统。现场运行的结果表明，改进后的排水系统具有排水能力强、运行可靠性高等优点，解决了地下开采矿井淹后抢险复矿工作中深部大流量排水、有效安全运行的问题。     

Design of subsurface drainage disposal structures: assessment of storage capacity

Storage capacity-discharge relationships have been derived. These relationships can be used to predict the maximum storage capacity for the storage structures in subsurface drainage systems. Practical applications have been dealt with using field data representing situations in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Though the relationships can be useful for designing either a sump or an evaporation pond, it is inferred that the relationships developed are most effective in calculating the storage capacity of an evaporation pond. Conversely, with some trial and error, the relationships can also be used to calculate the area which can be commanded by an evaporation pond of a given capacity.     

四湖流域农田排水有关问题研究

通过对四湖流域深入调查 ,提出应根据排水区业已形成的格局和降水分布差异分区选择排水设计雨量 ;联系项目实际论述了涝渍地集水小区明排系统规划中涉及的排水泵站经济性、排水沟道优化布局、排水工程建设的适度规模等问题 ;最后就涝渍地暗管排水工程及其推广问题进行了剖析     

淮阴市机电排灌站动态管理系统研究

详细地介绍了淮阴市水利局机电排灌站动态管理系统开发的情况，其中包括：系统的总体设计，机电排灌站动态管理的扑哧量询与统计。 详细设计，系统的开发工具以及系统的主要特点这行情况表明，该系统对机电排灌站的管理具有一定的科学性，高效及一定的推广价值。     

水泵进水设计模型试验方法

模型试验是国际上普遍采用的检验和改进泵站进水设计的主要方法,而试验标准则是水泵进水设计模型试验的重要依据;目前我国尚未有关于泵站进水设计模型试验的试验标准。本文简要讨论了水泵进水设计的整体概念,并根据美国国家标准《水泵进水设计》(ANSI／HI9．8-1998),介绍了水泵进水设计模型试验的目的、主要内容、试验准则、测试方法、试验方案和试验结果评价等主要内容。     

山区田间水利工程的规划设计

山区地形复杂,田块分散。因此,合理规划设计田间灌排工程,以避免串灌串排,达到灌排分家,是山区农田水利规划设计所要解决的主要问题之一。根据武陵山区的特点,对几种典型地形的田间工程归纳了相应的规划设计方案。经有关专家审议,已在武陵山区世界粮援项目(WFP中国3779)中采用。     

A new approach to water management of tropical peatlands: a case study from Malaysia

The use of peatlands in the humid tropics requires drainage to remove excess rainfall. The design principles for the drainage systems currently being implemented on peatlands are the same as for mineral soils. The objective of such systems is the timely removal of excess rainfall by surface runoff. For peatlands, with their different soil-hydraulic characteristics, these systems have resulted in poor watertable control and high rates of irreversible subsidence. Concerns about this rate of subsidence and the level of sustainability of the present land use have prompted a study to develop a new water management system. This new system includes a shift from a drainage system that focuses on discharge of excess water towards a system that combines drainage and water conservation. In the new two-step design, the drain spacing and corresponding drain discharges are obtained with a steady-state approach. These outputs are used to calculate the capacity of the drains, including control structures, using an unsteady-state approach. The new system results in a shallower but more narrowly spaced drainage system and maintains a more constant but relatively high watertable and reduces subsidence. It should be remembered however, that even with the improved water management, subsidence cannot be arrested; it is the price one has to pay for the use of tropical peatlands.     

轴流泵喇叭管的优化水力设计

将喇叭管和开散式进水池内的流场视为一个整体，采用文献[3]介绍的直接求解雷诺平均N-S方程和标准K-ε紊流模型方程组的方法，模拟了进水池和喇叭管内的流动，并在此基础上对喇叭管的形状进行了水力优化计算。     

Modeling the impact of alternative drainage practices in the northern Corn-belt with DRAINMOD-NII

The hydrologic and water quality impacts of subsurface drainage design and management practices are being investigated through field and simulation studies throughout the northern Corn-belt. Six years of data from an ongoing field study in south central Minnesota (Sands et al., 2008) were used to support a modeling effort with DRAINMOD-NII to investigate: (1) the performance of the model in a region where soils are subject to seasonal freeze-thaw and (2) the long-term hydrologic and water quality characteristics of conventional and alternative subsurface drainage practices. Post-calibration model prediction and efficiency were deemed satisfactory using standard model performance criteria. Prediction errors were primarily associated with early spring snowmelt hydrology and were attributed to the methods used for simulating snow accumulation and melting processes, in addition to potential sublimation effects on ET estimates. Long-term simulations with DRAINMOD-NII indicated that drainage design and/or management practices proposed as alternatives to conventional design may offer opportunities to reduce nitrate (NO₃)-nitrogen losses without significantly decreasing (and in some cases, increasing) crop yields for a Webster silty clay loam soil at Waseca, Minnesota. The simulation study indicated that both shallow drainage and controlled drainage may reduce annual drainage discharge and NO₃-nitrogen losses by 20-30%, while impacting crop yields from −3% (yield decrease) to 2%, depending on lateral drain spacing. The practice of increasing drainage intensity (decreasing drain spacing) beyond recommended values appears to not significantly affect crop yield but may substantially increase drainage discharge and nitrate-nitrogen losses to surface waters.     

Evaluating a multi-level subsurface drainage system for improved drainage water quality

This paper describes a multi-level drainage system, designed to improve drainage water quality. Results are presented from a field scale land reclamation experiment implemented in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area of New South Wales, Australia. A traditional single level drainage system and a multi-level drainage system were compared in the experiment in an irrigated field setting. The single level drainage system consisted of 1.8 m deep drains at 20 m spacing. This configuration is typical of subsurface drainage system design used in the area. The multi-level drainage system consisted of shallow closely spaced drains (3.3 m spacing at 0.75 m depth) underlain by deeper widely spaced drains (20 m spacing at 1.8 m depth). Data on drainage flows and salinity, water table regime and soil salinity were collected over a 2-year period.     

煤矿主排水泵采用变频前置泵提高运行效率试验研究

煤矿井下排水受限于井下排水条件主排水泵易发生汽蚀,严重影响排水泵使用寿命.为满足井下节能减排要求,提高主排水泵的抗汽蚀能力,提出一种采用串联前置泵对主排水泵进行压入式补水控制方式,前置泵可采用变频器进行变频控制.通过理论分析,可采用泵控泵技术对前置泵变频调速来改变排水系统输出压力,适应管路系统性能,提高排水系统运行效率,保证排水系统工作在高效区内.通过现场试验对比分析,前置泵与减级后主排水泵组成的泵组与未减级的主排水泵相比,泵组效率得到了提高,同时也避免了主排水泵发生汽蚀.前置泵的变频控制也可保证主排水系统压力可调,实现排水系统工作在高效区内,达到节能减排的效果.研究结果可为煤矿主排水系统的设计及改造提供一种新的方案.