白蚁的食物选择

毒饵技术是防治白蚁最常使用的方法之一,对白蚁取食选择的认识是毒饵技术发展的基础。评述了白蚁嗜食的真菌腐朽物、植物性材料以及糖和氨基酸等取食促进物质研究情况,分析了白蚁对上述物质取食选择的营养消化机制,并对白蚁食物选择研究面临的问题提出了展望。     

A Visco-plastic Model of Magnetorheological Materials

Magnetorheological materials are a class of smart materials whose reological properties may be rapidly varied by application of magnetic field. By a simple mechanical mold, a visco-plastic model for the materials is developed. It is shown that the model can describe the variation of the mechanical properties for the Magnetorheological materials in the different magnetic field. The result is shown that the model can characterize the mechanical properties of Magnetorheological Materials in plastic and viscous variation.     

The Supporter Materials in Mobilization Cell Technology and Their Applications in Environmental Pollutant Treatment

The immobilization cell technology is a new biological engineering technique. The key for this technology is the characteristics of the immobilization supporter materials used. In this work, the categories and characteristics of the supporter materials in this technology are presented. The applications of the immobilization supporter materials in environmental pollutant treatment are also reviewed.     

Material Expression of Architectural Emotion From the Perspective of Public Art

Architectural emotion, to a large extent, is reflected in the emotionalization of building materials. The exploration of the vitality and spiritual connotation of the building materials is a new direction of expressing architectural feelings. This paper explores the visual features and connotation of various building materials from the perspective of public art, with a view to understanding the characteristics of building materials and creating unique buildings with a strong character.     

Recent Development of Nanocrystalline and It's Mechanical Machining Technology

Nanocrystalline materials is a new area in materials science, because it possesses some special functions in sound, light, electric, magnet and heat and advance performances. This paper reviews the recent developments of nanocrystalline materials, describes in details its manufacturing methods and studies initially its forming and machining technologies.     

基于高通量测序的土壤细菌组成、丰度及多样性分析

研究盐碱地土壤微生物群落结构变化,细菌数量变化可以作为高粱耐盐材料筛选的标准之一,本研究将为高粱耐盐材料的选育及高粱耐盐性研究提供理论依据。试验采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序方法对盐碱地高粱根际菌群结构进行分析,选用10份不同的高粱亲本材料,采集盐碱地高粱根际土壤样品,研究结果表明：耐盐材料OTU数量较多,土壤微生物的群体数量的增加及其生长速率的增大可有效地促进土壤酶的活性,从而提高材料的生长速率;样品342、473的Chao1、ACE和Shannon指数均最高,Simpson指数最小,该材料的物种多样性最高;相反,盐敏材料68、622的Chao1、ACE和Shannon指数均最低,Simpson指数最大,多样性最低。研究结果表明耐盐材料根际土壤细菌具有较高的物种多样性,该指标可以作为耐盐材料筛选的评价指标。     

Compound Effect of Dihydrate Gypsum and Silica Fume on Strength of Steel Slag-Cement Binding Materials

By adding small amount of dihydrate gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) and silica fume in steel slag-cement system, steel slag-cement binding materials were prepared. And the dosage of CaSO4·2H2O and silica fume on the properties of steel slag-cement binding materials was studied. Hydration properties and paste structure were investigated by SEM and XRD. The results show that both CaSO4·2H2O and silica fume can improve the strength of steel slag-cement binding materials. Compared with single-doped, compound of CaSO4·2H2O and silica fume has much better effect on strength of steel slag-cement binding materials. The optimum proportion of CaSO4·2H2O and silica fume are 1% and 4%, respectively. The 3 d compressive strength is increased by 59.0%, and the 28 d compressive strength is increased by 36.5%. No matter adding CaSO4·2H2O and silica fume or not, the steel slag-cement binding materials have the same hydration products. However, the content of C-S-H gel and AFt crystals is higher, and the content of Ca(OH)2 crystals is lower in steel slag-cement binding materials containing CaSO4·2H2O and silica fume than those in steel slag-cement binding materials without CaSO4·2H2O and silica fume.     

The Study on Intelligent Experimental System of Bio-soft Tissue

According to the especial mechanical properties of bio-soft tissue materials, we design a mechanical test system of bio-soft tissue moterials which is controlled by microcomputer and can execute the post-processing for bio-soft tissue materials. The system can solve better the problems of reliability and accuracy appearing in the test of the mechanical properties for bio-soft tissue materials,and the test is convenient as well as speedy,and provides an effective experimental means for the study of biomechanics.     

黑龙江省耐低磷水稻品种的初步筛选

以适合在黑龙江省第三积温带栽培的水稻品种（系）为材料,研究低磷对水稻形态特征及产量的影响,筛选出耐低磷材料,对黑龙江省水稻生产和土地持续利用具有重要意义。综合返青期叶片数和穗长分析认为：龙粳29、04-582 、龙粳21 、01-687 、05-4076 、06-2351等6份材料对低磷胁迫适应性较强。     

Determination of Moisture Rate of Porous Saline Materials

The high humidity makes the indoor air quality sultry. The porous saline materials can function as efficient humidity conditioner. On the basis of analyzing mass exchange process between porous saline materials and air, the computational method of the moisture exchange rate on the porous saline materials surface is established. A number of methods for enhancing the humidity conditioning of porous saline materials are suggested.     

天然生物可降解性材料在农业领域中的应用

为了研究天然生物可降解性材料在农业领域中的应用,笔者综述了国内外近20年源于农业领域的几种天然生物可降解性材料,如淀粉、聚乳酸、纤维素、木质素、丝素、胶原、壳聚糖和甲壳素等的研究现状,发现天然可生物降解性材料在农业领域土壤改良与水土保持、病虫害防治、保鲜与防腐、食品与饲料添加剂、生物肥料等方面应用广泛,但关于天然生物可降解性材料的特性、材料的优化设计与改良研究等方面还存在不足,今后还需研究如何改良天然生物可降解性材料特性以及拓宽其在农业领域的应用范围。     

中药材产地干燥初加工困境与对策

对我国中药材产地干燥初加工的重要性进行了分析,阐述了我国中药材干燥技术发展现状,分析了产地干燥初加工面临的困境,提出了推动我国中药材产地干燥初加工的发展对策。     

洋葱种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析

应用ISSR标记对32份洋葱种质资源的遗传多样性进行了分析。从31个ISSR引物中筛选出4条扩增产物条带清晰、多态性高的引物,在32份资源样品中共扩增出39条带,其中31条带为多态性位点,平均每个引物扩增的多态带数为7.75条,多态性条带比率（PPB）为79.48%。资源间的遗传相似系数在0.552~0.960之间,具有较为丰富的遗传多样性。ISSR聚类分析表明,在L取值为D=0.68时,可将32份洋葱资源分成5类：第一类包括18份种质资源,主要以Yellow Sweet Spanish系统为主;第二类包括1份种质资源,为Bejo Daytona;第三类包括3份种质资源,为Yellow Globe系统;第四类包括9份种质资源,为Yellow globe danvers系统;第五类包括1份种质资源,为Yellow Danvers system系统。较好地揭示了洋葱种质资源间的遗传多样性与亲缘关系,可为洋葱遗传育种和杂交亲本选择提供科学依据。     

高粱品种资源光周期敏感性研究

对９９６份中国高粱品种资源的光周期敏感性鉴定表明，中国高粱在每日１０ｈ短日照处理上，所有鉴定材料都比在自然光照下提前抽穗开花，而且品种间差异很大。按照分级标准，光反应迟钝的材料有３５份，占３．５％；中间型的材料有７３６．份，占７３．９７％；敏感型的材料有２２５份，占２２．６％。统计分析表明，光敏感的程度与鉴定材料的生育期及原产地的地理纬度有一定的相关性。同时，受日照的影响，鉴定材料的株高、叶片数变     

87份中熟棉种质资源亲缘关系和遗传多样性研究

为了阐明不同中熟棉种质资源间的亲缘关系,为优势杂交组合选配亲本材料,最终得到目标优良种质及审定品种,利用SRAP分子标记技术对87份中熟棉品种（系）进行遗传多样性分析。从80对引物组合中筛选出多态性引物,用于供试材料的PCR扩增。结果显示,筛选出的17对多态性引物共扩增出168个位点,其中90个位点呈现多态性,平均每对引物产生5.29个多态性位点,多态率达53.57%。利用NTSYS-pc2.11软件数据分析显示,87份材料之间的相似系数为0.61~1.00,平均值为0.82。当遗传相似系数为0.73时,可将87份棉花材料分为两大类,其中第Ⅰ类群包含65个材料,第Ⅱ类群包含22个材料。遗传多样性分析表明本文中选用的中熟棉种质资源遗传基础比较狭窄,今后结合分子标记结果选用亲缘关系较远的材料作为杂交亲本,创制新的中熟棉种质资源。     

Progress of Investigation on Mg-based Hydrogen Storage Materials

Starting with the system of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials, progress of investigation on Mg-base hydrogen storage materials are reported. The Mg-based hydrogen storage materials are reasonably divided into magnesium hydrogen storage materials, Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys and Mg-based composites. Combining with the present actuality of China and other countries, multi-component alloying method is necessary for improving absorption performance. Basing on studying the concerned theory, component optimized adjusting and complex method preparation are applied to improving hydrogenation properties.     

玉米预防转基因漂移试纸条快速检测方法

本研究旨在使用试纸条检测方法在玉米苗期从常规玉米育种材料中发现转基因植株,以预防非预期的转基因漂移。以转基因和非转基因玉米为材料,以笔者过去开展转基因玉米材料筛选的经验总结为基础,开发出试纸条快速检测方法。本研究介绍了检测所需用品和取样方法,并且详细讨论了样品数量、操作步骤及注意事项等。还具体演示分析了2个典型检测案例的过程和结果。本方法的操作步骤简便易学,适合专业和非专业育种者或检测人员对田间材料在自查或检验中使用。熟练掌握试纸条快速检测法,能有效筛查和预防由于花粉或种子非预期混杂造成的转基因漂移。     

Recovery of Waste Glass by a Method of Water Flushing Selection

In this paper,a new method of water flushing recovery of waste glsss is presented. The equipment of separation of glass from waste materials and it' s mechanisms are described.The relationship between the efficiency of separation of glass from waste materials and the physical and mechanical properties of these waste materials is analyzed. The experimental results of recovery of waste glass are given. It is found that the efficiency of recovery of glass is more than 90%.     

多孔调湿材料湿缓冲特性的实验研究

利用NORDTEST实验方法对中国长江中下游地区(以南京为例)多孔调湿材料的湿缓冲值(Moisture Buffer Value)进行测定,同时,研究湿缓冲值对建筑能耗及室内湿度的影响。实验结果显示,高湿度区间内材料的湿缓冲测定值较大,且不同材料的湿缓冲值存在较大差异。分析表明在长江中下游地区,使用具有吸放湿特性的建筑内表面材料可有效降低建筑能耗10%以上,同时,室内环境湿度也会得到一定程度的调节。