基于协调开采技术的相邻露天矿开采程序优化

针对相邻露天矿实施协调开采带来的长期经济效益与开采程序变化影响短期经济效益之间存在矛盾的问题,运用露天采矿学的基本原理,研究相邻露天矿开采程序优化。分析协调开采技术的特点及采场贯通的影响因素,提出采区划分方案优化准则;建立采场、排土场形态优化模型,给出相邻采场贯通时间的计算方法,并提出贯通后采场、排土场形态优化方法。笔者结合工程实例对模型进行了验证,结果表明：通过优化采场、排土场形态,可有效减少剥离量,增加内排空间,提高贯通采场期间两矿经济效益。     

近水平复合煤层露天矿备采煤量留设位置与保有期优化

为了确定经济合理的露天矿备采煤量留设位置和保有期，运用露天开采基本原理与统计分析方法，分析新时期露天煤矿的发展变化特点及其对备采煤量留设位置和保有期的影响；以经济效益最优为判断准则，研究复合煤层露天矿备采煤量留设位置与内排运距的关系，建立备采煤量留设位置优化模型；研究季节性剥离露天矿备采煤量保有期与剥离成本、运输成本以及资金时间价值的关系，建立备采煤量保有期优化模型。以内蒙古东部地区某露天矿为研究实例，确定了该矿经济合理的备采煤量保有期为6.5个月，备采煤量应全部留在1号煤层。研究结果表明：该优化模型可用于指导露天矿生产，有效降低剥离成本，提高经济效益。     

露天矿过断层开采方式及生产能力接续分析

在露天开采过程中遇到断层时,由于煤层突然错位,造成剥采比剧变,工程接续困难。因此,过断层期间剥采比合理控制和矿山工程平稳过渡接续是露天开采的技术难题之一。笔者通过建立剥采比与断层落差、产状及煤层厚度数学模型,研究不同煤柱留设宽度对边坡稳定的影响;分析了矿山工程发展速度与同时采煤台阶数的关系,计算确定了过断层期间确保矿山工程平稳过渡接续的动态降深速度和生产能力接续方式。结合胜利东二号露天矿过F61断层进行实例研究。结果表明：过断层开采方式和生产能力接续方法可有效均衡生产剥采比,保证产量稳定,提高矿山经济效益。     

复方促排铅功能制剂组分的优化

确定复方功能口服液液功效因子促排铅的最佳组合并进行数学模型的建立和成本经济性评估。采用五元二次旋转回归组合设计的方法,建立了复方促排铅功能口服液5种主要组分甘草酸、大豆肽、中药混合提取液、矿物元素锌和钙之间的数学模型关系,通过统计学方法分析各影响因素对铅离子的螯合促排效果。通过综合优化的组合和经济性成本两方面的评价,最终确定了各影响因素的最佳用量为甘草酸1.46g,中药混合提取液1.09mL,大豆抗氧化肽0.94g,锌0.33g,钙0.17g。在此优化条件下重复试验螯合率可达到92.21%。表明复方促排铅功能口服液在最佳的优化组合下可显著螯合铅离子。     

复方促排铅功能口服液组分的优化

为确定复方促排铅功能口服液对铅离子的螯合效果的影响,采用五元二次旋转回归组合设计的方法,分别建立了复方促排铅功能口服液5种主要组分甘草酸、大豆肽、中药混合提取液、矿物元素锌和钙之间的数学模型,分析了各影响因素对铅离子螯合效果,通过综合优化的组合和经济性成本俩方面,最终确定了各影响因素的最佳用量为：甘草酸1.46g,中药混合提取液0.88mL,大豆抗氧化肽 1.19g,锌0.4g,钙0.21g。在此优化条件下重复试验螯合率可达到92.21%。表明复方促排铅功能口服液在最佳的优化组合下可显著螯合铅离子。     

布尔山羊繁殖季节重复超排处理效果的研究

本研究共进行了2个试验。试验Ⅰ,成年布尔山羊在繁殖季节初期经超排处理,平均每只采得有效胚胎17.07枚,2个月后再行重复超排处理,虽有3只羊未能实现采卵,但其它羊只均获成功,其中B组（FSH加量）平均获有效胚胎15.46枚,明显高于A组（FSH未加量,平均每只12.93枚）。试验Ⅱ,选择了2000年超排效果较好的布尔山羊,在2001年和2002年秋季进行了第2次、第3次重复超排处理。结果表明：在生殖器官未发生粘连的情况下,第2次平均获有效胚胎15.83枚,与第1次超排结果（平均15.50枚）相近。第3次超排因两只羊生殖器官粘连未能采卵,其余10只羊平均采得有效胚胎13.40枚。     

布尔山羊繁殖季节重复超排处理效果研究

研究共进行了 2个试验。试验Ⅰ ,成年布尔山羊在繁殖季节初期经超排处理 ,平均每只采得有效胚胎 1 7 0 7枚 ,2个月后再行重复超排处理 ,虽有 3只羊未能实现采卵 ,但其它羊只均获成功 ,其中B组 (FSH加量 )平均获有效胚胎 1 5 4 6枚 ,明显高于A组 (FSH未加量 ,平均每只 1 2 93枚 )。试验Ⅱ ,选择了 2 0 0 0年超排效果较好的布尔山羊 ,在 2 0 0 1年和 2 0 0 2年秋季进行了第 2次、第 3次重复超排处理。结果表明 :在生殖器官未发生粘连的情况下 ,第 2次平均获有效胚胎 1 5 83枚 ,与第 1次超排结果 (平均 1 5 5 0枚 )相近。第 3次超排因两只羊生殖器官粘连未能采卵 ,其余 1 0只羊平均采得有效胚胎 1 3 4 0枚。     

重复超排技术在纯种和牛核心群建立中的应用

为了快速扩繁纯种和牛核心群,以最大限度发挥其繁殖潜力。试验以南北方3个典型地区的纯种和牛为试验对象,采用CIDR+FSH+PG方法进行超数排卵,探索合理的重复超排次数及此技术在不同地域环境下的应用状况。高强度重复超排试验表明：初次超排获得的可用胚胎数最理想,随着超排次数的增加,可用胚胎数量有所降低,但是差异不显著(P＞0.05);地域间不同超排间隔的超排数据比较,不同地区超排效果差异不显著(7.38±4.27)、(7.88±5.95)、(7.45±5.24)(P>0.05)。在良好的饲养管理前提下,高强度重复超排以1个月为超排间隔,超排3~4次为宜;纯种和牛的适应能力较强,超排间隔在1-2个月,超排3次的常规超排方案可以应用于南北方地区和牛核心群的建立。     

气相色谱法测定植物油中的抗氧化剂BHA BHT与TBHQ及不确定度评定

建立了气相色谱法同时测定植物油中抗氧化剂BHA,BHT与TBHQ含量的方法,重点考察了方法的检出限、线性范围、重复性、回收率等。针对测量数学模型建立了气相色谱法测定植物油中TBHQ含量不确定度的评定方法。通过不确定度来源分析,建立不确定度的数学模型,并考察了测定中的各种影响因素。     

同位素比率质谱法测定蜂蜜中C_4植物糖含量及不确定度评定

应用同位素比率质谱法测定了蜂蜜中的C_4植物糖的含量,考察了方法的重复性与检出限。针对测量数学模型建立了同位素比率质谱法测定蜂蜜中C_4植物糖含量不确定度的评定方法。通过不确定度来源分析,建立不确定度的数学模型,并考察了测定中的各种影响因素。     

Volatilization combustion mechanism analysis and experiment of coalfield fire

According to the volatile combustion, the mathematical and physical models on the volatilization combustion of coal field fire area are established. The governing equations are analyzed by analytic method. The parameters such as volatilization combustion speed, the content of volatile component and the flame temperature are obtained at relatively high temperature environment. According to the solutions, the flame temperature of the volatilization combustion is calculated by the heat insulation temperature in the light of the low-heat value of the volatile component. Due to the free or forced convection in the actual fire area, the true temperature would be lower than the calculation. Through experiment, heating process takes the greatest impact on the heating surface but least on inner parts. The temperature is increased and the heating surface temperature will exceed the temperature and continue increasing, which indicates that the coal begins oxidation. While the airflow is increased, the temperature will be slightly increased. The temperature is descent more slightly in the coal temperature because of thermal radiation.     

安太堡露天煤矿排土场景观结构及其分形研究

将平朔安太堡露天煤矿复垦区的5个排土场按照植被覆盖和地形划分为8个基本景观类型,包括耕地、草地、草灌混交、灌木混交、乔草混交、乔灌混交、新造复垦地和退化地,总计496个斑块。利用3S技术和分形理论对景观结构进行了分析,并讨论了景观特性及其变化的分形性质。结果表明：分维数的大小反映了景观斑块面积、斑块数量和平均斑块面积等因素的相互作用,反映了排土场内景观斑块的不规则程度和复杂程度;乔灌混交地和灌木混交地保持着较高的分维数,新造复垦地和草地的分维数较低,其它景观类型的分维数则差别不大;植被景观受多种因子的影响,在南排土场、西排土场受地表物质组成和地形的影响为主,其多样性指数较高,在内排土场、西排扩大区受植被类型的影响为主;草灌混交地的景观多样性远高于其它现有的复垦植被区,但其景观优势度则保持在较低水平上。南排、西排及西排扩大区的景观过程以控制水土流失、增加植被覆盖为主,内排则着重发展兼顾经济、生态和社会多种效益的生态农业和高效农业。     

城乡一体化土地市场下的征地补偿标准研究

为探讨建立城乡一体化土地市场下的征地补偿标准,完善中国的征地补偿制度,采用文献法和对比分析法对现行征地补偿制度存在问题进行研究,构建了城乡一体化土地市场下的征地补偿构成测算方法,包括土地补偿费、地上附着物和青苗的补偿费、社会保障费及发展权收益。以安阳市为例,采用城乡一体化土地市场下的征地补偿方案,计算失地农民的补偿费用。结果表明：失地农民的补偿费用将由原来的120~230 元/m2增加至229~769 元/m2,体现了征地过程中的等价交易关系。采用城乡一体化土地市场下的征地补偿标准可有效解决现行征地制度中存在问题,在一定程度上缓解目前的征地矛盾。     

Study on Hydraulic Automatic Ranging Cutting Height of Shearer

A new method has been put forward to automatically adjust height of drum-typeshearer.The principle of this rnethod is that the boundary of coal and rock is recognized with thepressure changes resulting from the height adjustment of the oil cylinder exerted by the cutting forceswhile the shearer drum is cutting the pure coal seam and the rock.With the help of this the corre-spondent hydraulic serving system can be controlled to adjust the height of shearer drum automati-cally.In this paper, a mathematical model is established a nd experiments and researches have been al-so carried out.     

Average surface roller pressure calculation method of roller mill

Hydraulic system pressure, contact surface between grinding roller and materials and grinding roller force of roller mill are analyzed. A new roller pressure calculation method named average surface roller pressure calculation method is proposed,and the corresponding theoretical formula is derived from three different perspectives, including roller pressure numerical calculation, stress and strain of main components and mill power through the calculation of real samples. The average surface roller and traditional average material roller pressure are compared to verify the correctness and accuracy of the proposed method. Design parameters such as the grinding roller structure, material maximum size, layer height and working pressure of the hydraulic system on the influence of roller are analyzed according to the formula of roller pressure. The research results provide theoretical basis for the selection of design parameters and the design calculation of structural strength for roller mill.     

Penetration behavior of bath induced by top-blown gas jets for steelmaking converter

The cavity induced by top-blow gas jets impinging on the bath surface is one of most important parameters, which has overwhelming influence on the rate of slag formation and metallurgical performance. Water model experiments are conducted through a 1/10 scaled-down top-blown convertor. Effects of lance height and gas flow rate on penetration behavior are studied, and also the influence mechanism of liquid surface tension on penetration depth is addressed based on the experiments and theory analysis. An energy utilization index (EUI) is defined to reflect how much the impinging kinetic energy of gas jets are transferred into bath for formation of cavity, and an improved model is proposed to predict penetration depth of jets. The results show that penetration depth increases with lowering lance height and increasing gas flow rate, and impact diameter increases with increasing lance height, but is little affected by gas flow rate. Influence of liquid surface tension on penetration depth is enhanced with increasing surface tension and penetration depth. The EUI increases with increasing lance height, and a function relationship of it with lance height is obtained based on the experiments.     

Study on Cooling Technique of Roof Using Porous-MoistMaterial Cover by Passive Solar Evaporation

The thesis studies the cooling method using the porous-moist material covering on exterior surface by the passive solar evaporation.The mathematical Model for the process of heat and moisture transfer based on the moist-porous material under passive solar vaporization cooling is established. Through theoretical analysis.computer simulation and test measurement in situ, all results show the law of the thermal process. It is said that this method is feasible.     

SBVERAL PROBLEMS ON BACKANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDE WITH A VARIATIONAL METHOD

The shape,position and stress distribution on the sliding surface can be rationallydetermined by a variational method.And the method satisfies the equilibrium,yield condition and thetransversal conditions for the unknown position to determine the critieal height of a slope when theslope angles and the material parameter C and are known.This paper corrects some ertors existingin the current literature and presents two curves to facilitate deterimination of the critical height andthe cracking position appearing on the top surface of the slope.These curves are particallarly suitedto backanalysis of landslide when the cracking position,the originally slope angle and the failuredslope height are known or can be estimated.Finally,calculated examples are cornpared with currentliterature.