西洋参不同部位人参皂苷类成分研究

研究西洋参不同部位人参皂苷类成分的变化。采用超高效液相色谱法,测定西洋参不同部位人参皂苷Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2、Rb3、Rd的含量。西洋参地上和地下部位皂苷组成不同,西洋参叶中人参皂苷Rb3含量较高,西洋参根中人参皂苷Rc主要集中于参皮。明确了西洋参不同部位皂苷组成差异,为西洋参资源的合理利用提供理论依据。     

大豆多肽对西洋参生物生长量与人参皂苷Rb1含量的影响

研究大豆多肽对西洋参(Panax quinquefoliusL.)生物生长量和人参皂苷Rb1含量的影响。将大豆多肽2号粉和3号粉分别配制成高、中、低3种浓度的水溶液,以叶面喷洒与根部灌注的方式,对生长3年的西洋参进行实验;同时观察生物生长量和人参皂苷Rb1的变化并总结规律。大豆多肽2号粉4mg/ml浓度根部灌注对西洋参生物生长量与人参皂苷Rb1增加作用最明显。研究结果为提高西洋参产量与质量提供理论依据,在西洋参的栽培种植中起到了实践指导作用。     

蛹虫草人工液体发酵的研究进展

概述了近年来蛹虫草在菌种选育、液体发酵上的研究进展,探讨了蛹虫草今后研究重点,以期为蛹虫草人工发酵产业化发展提供参考。     

云南三七质量与土壤(N、P、K)的相关性分析

通过对云南三七主要种植区(文山、红河、曲靖、玉溪、普洱、保山)进行土壤和三七采样,并进行了土壤中N、P、K含量和三七皂苷R1、Rb1、Rg1、总皂苷含量检测。应用spss软件分析了土壤中N、P、K含量与三七皂苷R1、Rb1、Rg1、总皂苷含量之间的关系。结果表明:土壤中P、K含量与三七皂苷含量相关性显著,N含量与三七皂苷含量相关性不显著。再一次使用spss软件以三七皂苷含量S为因变量,分别以N、P、K为自变量,进行回归分析,表明皂苷总含量S与土壤P、K之间建立的方程具有显著性。     

蛹虫草总苷提取的研究

以蛹虫草为原料,对其总苷采取不同方法进行了提取的对比研究,结果表明以水为提取溶剂时,超声波提取虫草总苷的影响顺序：提取次数〉超声波功率〉料液比〉提取时间;以甲醇为提取溶剂时,超声波提取虫草总苷的影响顺序：提取次数〉超声波功率〉提取时间〉料液比;采用最优提取条件进行实验。以水为提取溶剂时,总皂苷的提取率为5.629%,以甲醇为提取溶剂时,总皂苷的提取率为8.994%。     

咖啡渣部分替代蛹虫草栽培基质的营养成分及生长研究

采用咖啡渣部分替代蛹虫草栽培基质的米饭部分(1%、3%、6%、9%和12%),研究蛹虫草生长指标(子实体长度、子实体干物质重量、生物学效率和基质利用率)及营养成分(粗纤维、蛋白质、粗脂肪及蛹虫草多糖)。结果显示:1%~12%咖啡渣替代量的栽培基质,对于栽培蛹虫草均能获得成功,且各指标与对照相比略有升高;其中咖啡渣替代大米基质6%组别的子实体表现突出,干物质量为13.8%±0.57%,菌包生物学效率为73.86%±1.51%,基质利用率为58.73%±1.46%,蛹虫草多糖含量为(207.39±16.40)mg/g,显著高于对照组(p0.1)。结果表明:咖啡渣可以作为基质培育蛹虫草,其中替代6%大米基质的蛹虫草子实体各指标表现较好,值得推广应用。     

摘蕾和采收期对桓仁山参品质的影响研究

以桓仁山参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer cv.Silvatica)为试材,研究了不同坡位、不同参龄摘蕾处理以及不同采收期对桓仁山参品质的影响。结果表明:上坡位和中坡位花前摘蕾处理极显著提高了10年和15年生桓仁山参的单株产量,但总皂苷含量略有降低。10月中旬采收的桓仁山参单支鲜重和Rg1+Re含量最高,9月中下旬采收的总皂苷和Rb1含量最高。     

富硒虫草新型饲料的制备

为了研发一种富硒新型发酵饲料,试验采用蛹虫草培养残基及富硒黄粉虫作为原料,加以豆粕、生物饲料发酵剂进行发酵。通过对饲料中各营养成分含量的测定,确定制备的新型饲料配方为:90g蛹虫草培养残基,10g黄豆豆粕和10g富硒黄粉虫(硒含量为0.3mg/kg),生物饲料发酵剂含量100mg/kg。试验数据表明,饲料中硒、粗蛋白、粗纤维、总磷、铜、水分含量均符合猪饲料国家标准含量,且保留了一定量的蛹虫草活性物质(虫草多糖含量为28.47mg/g,虫草酸含量为19.37mg/g),在饲料工业、养殖业领域均有广阔的应用前景和经济价值。     

西洋参的种植技术

西洋参原产于北美洲的美国和加拿大，又称美国人参、花旗参和洋参等。西洋参是五加科人参属植物，它的形态特征、生长习性以及医药保健用途等同我国人参比较相似。西洋参性凉，而人参性温，西洋参比人参适用范围更广，需求量更大。 西洋参主要成份为人参皂甙，还含有氨基酸、微量元素、挥发油、多糖类及脂肪酸等。西洋参具有养阴补气、生津、降血压和提高免疫功能等作用，现代医学证明，能提高体力劳动和脑力劳动的能力，降低疫劳度和调节中枢神经系统等作用。 1 西洋参生产工艺流程，详见下图 西洋参生产工艺流程图 2 种植技术 2．1 选…     

黑龙江省林下野山参栽培技术

俗话说东北有三宝,"人参、貂皮、乌拉草",东北的野山参也是我们国家的国宝。据史书记载,我国应用人参至少有4000年以上的历史,人参具有很强的滋补作用,其化学成分复杂,研究人员已从人参个体的根中分离出十几种人参皂甙,并测得山参的人参皂甙Rg2、Rb、Rc、Ro的含量指标,远远高出栽培家参几倍甚至十几倍。这些成分都是解决心肌供氧     

Optimization of the selective preparation of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 catalyzed by d,l-tartaric acid using response surface methodology

The optimization of the selective preparation of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 converting protopanaxadiol type saponins (PPD saponins) by the commercially available d, l-tartaric acid was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three-factor and six-level central composite design. The optimal 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 de% was predicted to be 94.52% in the combination of the factors (d, l-tartaric acid concentration 1.19 mol/L, temperature 107.9 °C and time 2.79 h) through the canonical analysis with maximum responses. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the actual 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 de% was 96.49%. 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (1) and 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (2) were separated and identified by ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR. Therefore, the RSM was effective to optimize the preparation of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 by converting PPD saponins using d, l-tartaric acid.     

通化地区参后地重复利用的几种模式

参后地重复利用,是提高林地使用效率和林地生产力,增加参农收益的有益尝试,结合实践,就参后地再利用介绍几种模式,供参农参考。     

Revitalizing Mountain Ginseng Cultivation in North Jeolla Province,South Korea

A study was made of measures to revitalize mountain ginseng cultivation in the eastern mountainous area of Muju, Jinan and Jangsu municipalities of North Jeolla province, South Korea. The targeted area is typical forested land and is utilized for the cultivation of ginseng. Access to seeds and seedlings for mountain ginseng cultivation is relatively easy in North Jeolla province, and the species is cultivated widely (on 63 % of the area of the province and by 74 % of farmers). This study investigated the current state of mountain ginseng cultivation and business management, including production costs and subsidy, sales and distribution system, and other business management concerns. A survey was conducted on 86 mountain ginseng-cultivating farming households living in the targeted area in 2013. It is concluded that to achieve greater production an aggressive government policy promoting the renting out of suitable sites for mountain ginseng cultivation in national and public production forestland to individual farms and farming cooperatives is necessary. Further research on increasing the survival rate of cultivated mountain ginseng (CMG) until harvesting and preventing damage by wild animals is also deemed necessary. More effective use of related municipal budget subsidy needs to be supported selectively to the enterprising farmers who aggressively pursue mountain ginseng cultivation and business management. Opening CMG retail stores to realize sustainable income growth and developing various processed products will increase farm income. The government needs to introduce policies to sustain consumer trust in CMG through initiatives such as establishing a CMG quality management system for growers, distributing government-approved seeds, and implementing a government-based CMG purchase system.     

辽东山区林下参栽植技术

本文主要介绍了辽东山区林下参发展现状以及林下参栽培地段的选地条件、选种及催芽、整地清场、播种、后期管理、鼠害防治、采收等技术措施。     

The aphrodisiac and adaptogenic properties of ginseng

Ginseng is the root of the perennial herbs of Panax quinquefolium and Panax ginseng which contain a series of tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins (ginsenosides) as active ingredients. It is considered a tonic or adaptogenic that enhances physical performance (including sexual), promotes vitality and increases resistance to stress and ageing. The adaptogenic properties of ginseng are believed to be due to its effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, resulting in elevated plasma corticotropin and corticosteroids levels. When used appropriately, ginseng appears to be safe. Nevertheless, documented side effects include hypertension, diarrhoea, restlessness, mastalgia and vaginal bleeding.     

Hematopoietic effect of ginsenoside Rg3 in ICR mouse primary cultures and its application to a biological response modifier

Ginsenoside Rg3, which is obtained as a by-product during the steaming of red ginseng, at 300 microg/ml enhanced the proliferation of the total spleen and bone marrow (BM) cells in both the cyclophosphamide (CYC)-treated and non-CYC-treated groups.     

Stereospecific antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide in mice

Ginsenoside Rg3 is one of the active ingredients isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Previous investigation demonstrated that Rg3 was stereospecific in promotion of the immune response. The present study was designed to evaluate Rg3 and its epimers, 20(R)-Rg3 and 20(S)-Rg3, for their effects on oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy) in mice. Forty-eight mice were randomly distributed into 6 groups and intraperitoneally administered saline solution, Cy, 20(R)-Rg3, 20(S)-Rg3, 20(R)-Rg3+Cy or 20(S)-Rg3+Cy. After that, the spleen, thymus and serum were collected to measure the indices of the organs and oxidative parameters. The results showed that Rg3 significantly inhibited Cy-induced oxidative stress in mice by increasing the indices of the spleen and thymus and total antioxidant capacity, elevating the activities of catalase, superoxidase dismutase and lysozyme as well as decreasing the activity of xanthine oxidase and the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. Rg3 was stereospecific in antioxidant activities as R form exhibited significantly higher antioxidant effects than S form. Therefore, R form should be used when Rg3 is considered to be used as an antioxidant agent.     

东北地域野生人参的研究

研究了东北山参在各时工生长发育特性，对山参理化因子的需求做了科学性的阐述。这对人工栽培、提高人参单位面积产量和药用，保护山渗资源，提供了重要理论根据。     

人参土壤养分与土壤酶研究进展

综述了人参土壤养分、土壤酶及二者关系的研究成果,从土壤养分对人参产量、质量、病害等的影响,土壤酶及其与土壤养分的关系等方面进行了总结,并在此基础上提出了人参土壤养分、土壤酶及病害防治研究的新思路。     

东部山区的人参生产及资源保护

传统的人参生产是依附于林业资源的产业，它是以占有使用林地资源为前提，因而，进行人参生产与林业资源的保护及强化生态建设产生了矛盾。林参矛盾由来已久，如何变林参相互制约为互相促进是需要各级政府及相关部门认真研究的重要课题。