埂青82夏大豆新品种选育及栽培要点

对“埂青82”夏大豆品种选育经过，多年多点产量表现，品质分析及栽培技术要点进行简述。“埂青82”具有综合性状优良，高产优质，适应性好的优点，为加工各种天然绿色食品的好原料。该品种2000年通过三明市品种审定委员会审定。     

福建田埂豆地方品种资源研究Ⅱ．地方品种遗传特性研究

265份田埂豆地方品种遗传特性研究结果表明：福建省田埂豆地方品种各性状均有较大的遗传变异和选择潜力,尤以分枝数、单株荚数、单株 粒数和单株粒重的变异最大：茎粗的遗传率最高,结荚高度,分枝数、株高其次。各性状对产量的遗传相关系数的大小顺序为单株粒数＞单株荚数＞分枝数＞主茎节数＞株高＞茎粗＞百粒重。单株粒数对单株粒重的直接作用最大,株高对单株粒重的直接作用最小。从中选出10个生育期适中,分枝多、结荚多、株高适宜、单株生产力较高,可用于生产或作为育种的基础材料;系统选择了埂青81、埂青82两个田埂豆品种,且提纯改良了16个田埂豆品种。     

发展水稻产业经济的思考

在分析我国粮食及水稻生产现状的基础上，针对农业进入新的发展阶段后因稻谷结构性过剩、市场粮价低迷而出现的忽视水稻生产的倾向，提出了“水稻产业经济”概念，并对其属性、内涵、要素等方面进行了阐述，确立了发展“水稻产业经济”的基本思路，提出了“区域化布局”等一系列发展“水稻产业经济”的战略措施。     

中国茶的造型

中国茶叶的加工已拥有几千年的历史，在这几千年的历史长河中，茶叶生产者充分发挥自己的聪明才智，在实践中摸索并不断地总结经验。历史上“贡茶”的兴起，以及“茶会”、“茶宴”、“斗茶”之风的盛行，大大促进了茶叶加工技术的发展。至唐代有史料记载的贡品茶就有１４目，宋代增至４１目，元、明、清代有了更大的发展。造型由原来的饼茶、龙凤团茶等演变扩大到形态各异的散茶。茶类也由绿茶演变为红茶、乌龙茶、黑茶等多茶类。近５０年来，中国茶叶的生产有了很大的发展，特别是近２０年来，茶叶生产得到全面、迅速的发展。我国茶叶生产…     

浅谈"北丰号"大豆育种的发展和展望

本文系统地回顾了黑龙江省农垦北安分局的大豆育种过程，相继育成和推广了一批大豆品种“北丰1－15号”，对垦区和黑龙江省农业生产作出了一定贡献，但由于生产的发展以及“九丰号”、“黑字号”等大豆新品种的崛起，对“北丰号”大豆已造成一定的影响，因此，有必要总结经验，调整育 种目标以及适应新形势的要求。     

实施四大战略 促进宁德茶业发展

宁德市位于中国东南沿海，福建省东北部，俗称闽东。依山面海，气候温和湿润，山地丘陵众多，土壤肥沃，山清水秀，具有发展茶叶得天独厚的优越条件。宁德产茶历史悠久，传统名茶“坦洋工夫”、“白琳工夫”、“白毫银针”、“天山绿茶”、“绿雪芽”等闻名海内外。     

福安茶叶“五新”示范推广实践

近年来，福安市大力示范推广新品种、新技术、新机具、新肥料、新农药等茶叶“五新”，全市新植和改植高香型新优茶树品种4．4万亩；推广新型茶机具7200多台套；全面推广无公害茶叶生产新技术、新肥料、新农药等，先后获得全国无公害茶叶生产示范基地县“达标单位”和“先进单位”，福建省首家“创建全国绿色食品原料（茶叶）标准化生产基地县”。提升了福安茶产业发展水平，成为福安市三大主导产业之一，促进了农民增收和县域经济发展。     

红麻7804留种经济效益的调查

多年来，我省红麻种子靠“两广”调进，但常因“两广”遭受自然灾害，造成严重缺种，影响我省红麻种植计划的完成，不仅阻碍了本省麻纺工业的发展，而且也减少了农民的经济收入。因此，如何解决红麻种子供应问题成了我省发展红麻生产的关键问题之一。1980～1983年，我省余江、金溪等麻区引进红麻7804等品种进行了试验示范。取得了较好的效果。1984年确定了信丰、龙南、     

论茶的君子品德

新时代下，茶文化有了更大的发展和普及，茶德的提出使得茶文化上升为一种深层次、高品位的哲学思想范畴，旨在追求真善美的境界和道德风尚。历代古人将“仁”、“知”、“勇”等定义为君子的品德，本文从茶的平和里仁、睿智超然、坚贞清廉三个方面展开，初步论述了茶的君子品德。     

福建红茶的生产现状与技术创新

本文简要介绍了福建“小种红茶”和三大“工夫红茶”的生产现状和在茶树品种、生态栽培、加工工艺、品牌打造等方面的技术创新，并提出展望，旨在为红茶产业的发展提供参考。     

兜兰离体快繁技术研究进展

由于生境破坏和人工过度采挖及繁殖的障碍,兜兰已是世界上最濒危的植物物种之一,所有野生种均被列入《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》附录I而被禁止交易。突破其种苗繁殖技术瓶颈有利于兜兰种质资源的保护和可持续利用。本文对兜兰属植物无菌播种、共生萌发和组织培养技术等离体快繁技术的进展进行综述,并提出了目前存在的问题和解决方法,以期为兜兰属植物离体繁殖技术的深入研究和优质种苗的规模化生产提供参考。     

High variation in frequency of infection by endophytes in cultivars of meadow fescue in Finland

Systemic and asymptomatic Neotyphodium fungal endophytes infect numerous species of the Poaceae. The frequencies of Neotyphodium endophyte infection in Finland were investigated among and within seven Nordic cultivars of meadow fescue, Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv., which is a widely grown pasture and forage grass species in Scandinavia. The cultivars were Kasper, Salten, Antti, Fure, Ilmari, Inkeri and Kalevi. Frequencies of infection of cultivars varied from endophyte-free cultivar Fure to highly infected cultivar Inkeri [mean (standard deviation of mean) of 0·95 (0·023)]. Mean frequencies of infection of three cultivars remained lower than 0·10, and two of the cultivars, Kasper and Salten, were intermediately infected. In most of the cultivars, frequencies of infection varied only slightly among seed lots. In cultivar Kasper, however, the frequency of endophyte infection was highly variable (0–0·96) among the 45 seed lots examined. The relative importance of cultivar, seed lot and infection by Neotyphodium endophyte to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. was studied experimentally, using both endophyte-free and endophyte-infected plants of four seed lots of the two intermediately infected cultivars. Endophyte infection increased plant resistance to R. padi , overriding the influences of seed lot and cultivar. It is proposed that variation caused by endophyte infections in cultivars of meadow fescue should be taken into account in assessing plant breeding programmes in Europe.     

Investigation of Polymorphisms in Coding Region of OsHKT1 in Relation to Salinity in Rice

Rice(Oryza sativa) is sensitive to salinity, but the salt tolerance level differs among cultivars, which might result from natural variations in the genes that are responsible for salt tolerance. High-affinity potassium transporter(HKTs) has been proven to be involved in salt tolerance in plants. Therefore, we screened for natural nucleotide polymorphism in the coding sequence of Os HKT1, which encodes the HKT protein in eight Vietnamese rice cultivars differing in salt tolerance level. In total, seven nucleotide substitutions in coding sequence of Os HKT1 were found, including two non-synonymous and five synonymous substitutions. Further analysis revealed that these two non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions(G50T and T1209A) caused changes in amino acids(Gly17Val and Asp403Glu) at signal peptide and the loop of the sixth transmembrane domain, respectively. To assess the potential effect of these substitutions on the protein function, the 3D structure of HKT protein variants was modelled by using PHYRE2 webserver. The results showed that no difference was observed when compared those predicted 3D structure of HKT protein variants with each other. In addition, the codon bias of synonymous substitutions cannot clearly show correlation with salt tolerance level. It might be interesting to further investigate the functional roles of detected non-synonymous substitutions as it might correlate to salt tolerance in rice.     

Role of invertase in the accumulation of sugars in cold-stored potatoes

Freshly harvested potatoes contain low levels of total invertase and high levels of invertase inhibitor. Total invertase increases sharply when potatoes are placed in cold storage, but the inhibitor is not depleted in all varieties. The absence of basal invertase activity in Norchip tubers indicates that an excess of invertase is not required for reducing sugar formation. Analyses of 37 varieties and seedlings after 3 months cold storage revealed that the reducing sugar content is not proportional to the invertase activity. High sugar contents are associated with low inhibitor levels, but low sugars are not necessarily associated with high inhibitor levels. The results indicate that invertase participates in reducing sugar formation, but other factors are responsible for the regulation of starch-sugar conversion in potatoes during cold storage.     

马铃薯试管苗组织培养及微型薯诱导技术的研究

通过加入不同浓度的BA、NAA和KT,以探讨外源激素对马铃薯试管苗生理性状的影响,发现低浓度的外源激素较适合用来进行试管苗的增殖。本试验利用香豆素进行微型薯的诱导,结果表明低浓度的香豆素对提高薯重和大薯率有利,而高浓度有利于提高微型薯的结薯数量。     

Quantitative assessment of metals in local brands of tea in Pakistan

In present study, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd were analyzed by FAAS in green and black tea samples of locally available in the Pakistani market. Na and K were also determined by Flame Photometer. Tea leaves can be the source of mineral components and trace elements, as well as some undesirable substances due to exposure to the environment. Among the metals tested, K was the most abundant one followed by Na, Mn and Fe. Fortunately, toxic heavy metals, Pb and Cd, had the lowest contents in tea samples and also in tea aqueous extracts. Concentration of heavy metals in tea aqueous extract was markedly lower than their total contents except that of K. The solubility of studied metals in tea aqueous extract varied widely and ranged from 0.0-95%. The lowest ranges of solubility were listed for toxic heavy metals Pb and Cd. The possible uptake of metals by the human body from tea aqueous extract has also been determined. The amounts of metals that one may take up through consumption of tea aqueous extract were found to match the acceptable daily intake even taking into account exposure from air, food and drinking water.     

我国发展能源油料作物的策略分析

分析了国内外植物油脂的供需形势、我国耕地和边际地利用潜力、油脂植物资源的种属分布特点等,提出发展我国能源油料作物和生物柴油产业的3点建议：加大对边际地、油脂植物资源的调查等基础平台性研究,为政府决策和产业服务;加强产学研结合,形成研究、推广、产业的良性循环;制定能源植物推广应用优惠政策、推动能源油料作物生产发展。     

玉米耐盐性研究进展

综述了玉米耐盐生理机制和耐盐育种的研究进展。     

用蛭石做马铃薯快繁培养基支持体的初步研究

1　前　言目前 ,马铃薯脱毒快繁技术已广泛应用于科研与生产中 ,快繁过程中脱毒苗培养基支持体通常采用琼脂或直接采用液体培养。然而这两种培养基存在着诸多问题 ,例如琼脂培养基中的琼脂价格昂贵、成本高 ,而且胶体不利于营养物质的扩散、透气性差 ,导致瓶苗生长不良。因此 ,该实验在本着降低成本的同时 ,又能保证瓶苗正常生长的前提下 ,以蛭石代替琼脂 ,分析其在实际生产中的应用价值。2　材料与方法2 1　材料供试品种为郑薯 6号脱毒苗 ,试验于 2 0 0 2年在郑州市蔬菜研究所马铃薯脱毒实验室内进行。2 2　方法本试验设两个处理 :处理 1…