共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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2009年6月召开的中央林业工作会议,进一步明确了林业的定位,即在贯彻可持续发展战略中林业具有重要地位、在生态建设中林业具有首要地位、在西部大开发中林业具有基础地位之外,增加了在应对气候变化中林业具有特殊地位.通过何途径来体现林业这个新地位?林业工程怎样做才能真正应对气候变化?笔者结合多年来实施中德合作林业项目、世行贷款林业项目、速丰林项目、中日合作"小渊基金"绿化项目、退耕还林工程、长江防护林工程、生物质能源林工程等的实践和体会,探讨林业项目在应对气候变化上的途径. 相似文献
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2009年6月召开的中央林业工作会议,进一步明确了林业的定位,即在贯彻可持续发展战略中林业具有重要地位、在生态建设中林业具有首要地位、在西部大开发中林业具有基础地位之外,增加了在应对气候变化中林业具有特殊地位。通过何途径来体现这个新地位?怎样做才能真正应对气候变化? 相似文献
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鉴于当代低碳经济的发展需要,林业碳汇的发展无疑是应对气候变化、发展低碳经济的重中之重.笔者简要论述了我国开展林业碳汇项目的现状及意义,在此基础上重点讨论湖北省开展林业碳汇的优势和前景,分析湖北省发展林业碳汇应注意的问题,并探讨湖北省开展林业碳汇的研究方向和研究内容. 相似文献
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Possible Impacts of Climatic Warming on Trees and Forests in the United Kingdom: a Review 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
There is growing evidence and concern that increasing levelsof greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will increase global temperatures.Temperatures in the UK may increase by 3C± 1.5C overthe next 70 years The tree crop is sensitive to such large andrapid climatic change because of its longevity. This paper reviews(1) changes that might occur in the forest environment, includingsoil, following climatic warming; (2) past and future long-termchanges in the species composition of UK forest; (3) possiblepositive and negative effects.of climatic warming on the growthand yield of UK forests; and (4) the vulnerability of foreststo any change in the frequency of extreme events. 相似文献
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海南岛林业气候区的划分参阅了热带气候区划理论。在植被区划的基础上,选取了与林业关系密切的11个气候因子作为划分指标,采用欧工距离系娄衍预分,逐是分析验证分类区划,通过分析检验,最后提出了7个林业气候区。 相似文献
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人工林的生物学稳定性与可持续经营 总被引:38,自引:3,他引:35
阐述了人工林的生物学稳定性与森林可持续经营的关系,人工林生物学上的不稳定是人工林可持续经营中存在的突出问题。提出了人工林不稳定性的3方面表现:抵御异常气候变化能力弱;容易遭病虫攻击;容易产生地力衰退。并列举了大量例证。说明了人工林生物学上不稳定的6个原因:单作;景观结构不合理;不能做到适地适树;实施人工林后的立地改变、气候改变及忽视检疫。并针对人工林不稳定性的原因,按生态系统管理要求,提出了7方面的综合育林措施:立地与树种、品种相匹配,适宜的景观配置,控制林分的遗传成分,进行科学的植被管理,改善造林技术,采取合理的收获作业及控制病虫。 相似文献
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本文分析了湖南丘陵山区气象灾害分布规律,并对充分利用有利的地形地貌特点,合理布局林业生产,趋利避害,减灾对策等进行了论述。 相似文献
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不同土地利用形式下表土有机碳含量和密度特征的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对西江流域肇庆市三叉顶自然保护区典型样地调查,对比分析了林地(针阔混交林、竹林、马尾松林)、农用地(果园、稻田、旱地)与邻近荒地的0~20em土壤有机碳含量和密度特征及其影响因子。结果表明:(1)有机碳含量大小顺序为林地(20.71±5.24g·kg^-1)〉农用地(13.50±6.05g·kg^-1)〉荒地(12.87±4.20g·kg^-1)。林地比农用地、荒地表土有机碳含量分别高出53.35%和60.83%。林地表土有机碳含量极显著高于农用地和荒地,而农用地和荒地间则无显著差异。表土有机碳密度差异极显著,有机碳密度大小顺序为林地(3.09±0.88kg·m^-2)〉荒地(2.99±0.93kg·m^-2)〉农用地(2.28±1.01k·m^-2)。(2)针阔混交林、竹林、马尾松叶林3种林分类型的表土有机碳含量、密度的大小顺序均为针阔混交林〉竹林〉马尾松林;在有机碳含量方面,针阔混交林与马尾松林有显著差异;针阔混交林、竹林均与荒地有显著差异,而马尾松林与荒地则无显著差异。在有机碳密度方面,针阔混交林与马尾松林有显著差异。(3)3种农用地有机碳含量大小顺序为果园〉稻田〉旱地,果园与旱地之间有显著差异,旱地有机碳含量比果园低41.91%,旱地与水稻田之间无显著差异,三者与荒地均无显著差异。有机碳密度顺序有所变化,大小顺序为果园〉旱地〉稻田,三者之间均无显著差异,但旱地、水稻田均与荒地有显著差异。(4)土壤氮水平、电导率对林地、农用地土壤碳固定有正效应,而容重则有负效应;而受施肥和耕作等因素影响,农用地的表土有机碳含量还与石砾含量显著负相关;荒地的土壤有机碳含量则仅与容重显著负相关。 相似文献
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《Forest Ecology and Management》2002,162(1):73-86
A forest simulation model has been applied in a regional impact assessment to investigate impacts of climate change on forest structure and function in the Federal state of Brandenburg, Germany. The forest model FORSKA-M was linked to a GIS that included soil, groundwater table and land-use maps. Two climate scenarios (current climate and a climate change of 1.5 K temperature increase which is combined with a precipitation decrease of 10–20% on average) for 40 meteorological stations in and around Brandenburg were used to assess the sensitivity of species composition to climate change. Furthermore, the implications of vegetation changes for other forest functions were analysed by means of several indicators. To evaluate the impacts of climate change on biodiversity, measures of species diversity (Shannon’s and Simpson’s index) and habitat and structural diversity (Seibert’s index) were applied. The evaluation of impacts on groundwater recharge of natural and managed forests was carried out using the soil water balance model of FORSKA-M.At first, model simulations of the potential natural vegetation (PNV) on the whole area of Brandenburg with different climate scenarios were analysed. The results indicated that climatic warming would lead to a shift in the natural species composition in Brandenburg towards more drought tolerant species. The simulated diversity of the forests would be reduced, and groundwater recharge would be decreased.The majority of forests in the state of Brandenburg have been managed intensively in the past. At present, large areas of Brandenburg’s forests are dominated by pure stands of Scots pine, but current forest management practice aims at increasing the share of deciduous and mixed forests. In order to analyse the possible consequences of climate change on forest management, forest inventory data were used to initialise FORSKA-M with representative forest stands. Simulation experiments with three different management scenarios showed that the short to mid-term effects of climatic change in terms of species composition were not as severe as expected. However, the comparison of different diversity measures indicates a decrease in the species diversity in contrast to an increase in habitat diversity under climate warming. Furthermore, a decrease in productivity and groundwater recharge was simulated under the climate change scenario.The regional impact assessment corroborated the high sensitivity of natural forests in the region to the projected climatic change and it underlined the importance of adaptive management strategies to help forestry to cope with climatic change. 相似文献