共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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DEM生成及其在森林公园规划中的应用 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
石军南 《中南林业调查规划》2001,20(1):36-41
阐述了地理信息系统DEM的研制原理和方法,并以实例描述了其在森林公署规划中的应用意义及方法。 相似文献
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指出了DEM在人文和自然科学领域有着广泛的应用,介绍了数字高程模型概念,针对构建过程中DEM的数据源及采集方式、获取途径、表示模型及质量控制方法作了详细地阐述。 相似文献
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基于ArcGIS Engine二次开发的国有林场DEM数据生产及实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
王劲松 《中南林业调查规划》2009,28(3):40-43,62
DEM即数字高程模型,主要包括规则格网模型(GRID)和不规则三角网模型(TIN);在visual C++6.0编程环境下,应用ArcGIS Engine的COM接口对已获得的具有高程信息的矢量数据通过TIN构网,生产出满足国有林场日常生产和规划设计的DEM数据。 相似文献
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DEM在低山丘陵区综合治理中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着低山丘陵区水土流失日益严重,基于多角度、新方法的综合治理迫在眉睫。DEM模型能准确快速地反映区域的地形地貌特征,在低丘的治理中有着多层次的应用。笔者提出了应用DEM模型进行低山丘陵区气温和降水的空间模拟方法,划分区域作物优生区、适宜区的操作流程以及土地利用分区的确定,并把理论应用到小流域的具体实践中,数字化地形图建立样区的DEM模型,根据DEM数据监测样区内各种土地利用类型的坡度等级分布,提取坡度>25°的耕地,为小流域进一步的退耕还林做数据支持。实验结果表明:应用DEM模型能形象地表达区域的地形因子及流域特征,在低山丘陵区的综合治理中有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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基于地形图,论述了矢量化的操作步骤,并介绍了利用ArcGIS9.3软件来构建DEM的方法,结合百果园1∶1万地形图和遥感影像图实现地形三维可视化。研究结果表明:使用ArcGIS9.3软件进行地形图数字化的效果好,操作简单,并可快速实现基于遥感图像的地形图三维可视化。 相似文献
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文章研究基于R2V和ArcGIS9.3软件,以赤峰市松山区城子乡1∶10000地形图为基础材料,通过R2V软件提取等高线,在ArcGIS软件里生成DEM及坡度、坡向图,经分析得出:这种方法制作DEM和坡度坡向图,设备简单,投入成本低,速度快,数据容易更新,但应注意制作过程中的精度和数据完整性;从DEM看出,城子乡地势总体西高东低,自东向西呈阶梯状地势逐渐升高;由坡度分析得知:城子乡15°以下土地主要分布于中东部地区,15°~25°土地主要分布于中西部地区,比较集中,城子乡25°以下土地面积33548hm2,占土地总面积的94%;由坡向分析得知:城子乡无坡向、东南、正南和西南坡向土地面积18787.8 hm2,占土地总面积的52.48%,其分布范围广,主要位于中东部地区。因此,适宜于开发为农业用地的潜力较大。 相似文献
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随着电磁技术在人类生活场景中的应用越来越多,电磁辐射对人体健康的影响正日益受到公众的关注。文章选取呼和浩特市二环内城区为研究对象,对二环内城区环境电磁辐射水平进行了研究调查。文章主要依据《辐射环境保护管理导则——电磁辐射监测仪器与方法》(HJ/T10.2-1996)对调查区域环境电磁辐射进行了网格化监测,并基于GIS技术尝试构建TIN模型,对调查区域进行了进一步的评价与分析。综合分析表明,呼和浩特市二环内城区环境电磁辐射水平水平偏低,境辐射状况良好。 相似文献
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GIS的发展,使得森林经营决策工作变得简化和准确,大大的节省了人力、物力、以及资金.数字高程模型(DEM)的应用,使得决策过程中充分考虑到每个小班的具体情况,决策方案的编制和选优过程变得更加简便. 相似文献
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The digital elevation model (DEM), an important source of information, is usually used to express a topographic surface in
three dimensions and to imitate essential natural geography. DEM has been applied to physical geography, hydrology, ecology,
and biology. This study analyzed digital elevation data sources and their structure, the arithmetic of terrain attribute extraction
from DEM and its applications, and DEM’s error and uncertainty algorithm. The Hayachinesan mountain area (in northeastern
Japan) was chosen as research site, and the focus was on terrain analysis and the impacts of DEM resolution on topographic
attributes, analyzed using TNTmips GIS software (MicroImage, Inc., USA) and “Digital Map 25,000” (published by the Geographical
Survey Institute of Japan in 1998). The results show that: (1) DEM is a very effective tool for terrain analysis: many terrain
attributes (such as slope, aspect, slope type, watershed, and standard flow path) can be derived, and these attributes can
be displayed with both image and attribute databases, with the help of GIS; (2) DEM resolution has a great influence on terrain
attributes. The following details are shown: (a) DEM resolution has a significant effect on slope estimation: the average
slope becomes smaller and the standard deviation becomes larger when DEM resolution changes from fine to coarse, and the different
impacts of DEM resolution on different slope ranges can be classified into three gradient classes: 0–10° (underestimated slope),
10–35° (overestimated slope), and >35° (little impact on slope estimation); (b) DEM resolution has little effect on aspect
estimation, but flat areas become larger when DEM resolution changes from fine to coarse; and (c) the quantity of hydrologic
topography information declines as DEM resolution decreases.
Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2005, 27(2) (in Chinese) 相似文献
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基于GIS的梅城林场地形分析及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以国产软件Geoway为数据加工平台,对安徽省东至县梅城林场1∶10 000地形图等高线进行矢量化采集,然后以Shp格式导入ArcGis,生成数字高程模型(DEM)。利用ArcGis的空间分析功能,对梅城林场坡度、坡向和地面粗糙度等地形因子进行分析。结果表明:极端和非常脆弱的林地面积占林场总面积的28.65%,比较脆弱和一般的林地面积占林场总面积的71.35%,总体生态脆弱度较小;不同坡向面积比例依次是南坡>东南坡>平坡>西坡>东坡>北坡>西南坡>西北坡;地面粗糙度总体在1~1.45之间,但1~1.15之间的面积最大,占梅城林场总面积的78.18%,说明梅城林场总体地形起伏不大,土壤侵蚀程度较小,生态安全性较高。同时,也反映梅城林场总体营造林作业施工难度较低。 相似文献
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Surface area is a fundamental parameter derived from terrain analysis in geographical information systems (GIS) for modeling the real world. Therefore, an evaluation of the techniques implemented by GIS models is important in order to obtain reliable area measurements. The study compares two raster-based methods with a TIN-based (triangulated irregular network) method for surface area approximation using a digital elevation model (DEM) with 25 m × 25 m resolution in six mountain regions of Shandong Province, China. Raster-based method Ⅰ calculates surface-area grids from DEMs directly. Eight 3-dimensional triangles connecting the center point of each cell with the center points of the eight surrounding cells are generated and then the areas of the portions of each triangle that lay within the cell boundary are calculated and summed. Raster-based method Ⅱ produces the surface area of each cell directly from the pixel size and the slope value for the pixel. The results demonstrate that the surface areas calculated by raster-based method Ⅰ are equal to those of the TIN-based method. The results of raster-based method Ⅱ are the lowest but the difference in areas between the two raster-based methods decreases with the decrease in terrain complexity. Compared to the method with TINs, raster-based method Ⅱ can do better because it has some advantages, such as neighborhood analysis, more consistent output and faster processing speed. The results also demonstrate that the difference between surface and horizontal areas should be considered if more than 30% of the area of a region has slopes steeper than 18.2 degrees. 相似文献
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围绕机械系统精度理论问题进行了分析和研究,确定了机械系统精度的分配方法,建立了机械系统精度评价的目标函数,为使精度合理,保证机械系统正常协调工作奠定了理论基础。 相似文献