影响母猪繁殖性能的因素分析及防治对策

影响母猪繁殖性能的因素是多方面的，包括遗传，营养，饲养管理，热应激和疾病等。选留优秀后备种猪，加强母猪饲养管理，及时淘汰性能低的母猪，严格控制各类疾病等综合措施可有效提高母猪繁殖性能。     

牛胚胎移植技术研究报告

<正> 胚胎移植技术是继人工授精和冷冻精液问世之后,家畜繁殖领域中又一次飞跃和突破。它使人们摆脱了过去仅对雄性动物其生殖细胞研究和应用的限制,开始挖掘和利用优秀母畜的遗传潜力。通过胚胎移植,将大大提高良种奶牛的繁殖效率,同时可为生殖细胞融合,动物体外受精,胚胎性别鉴定等生物技术的研究提供方法。本研究目的是确定适合当地条件,效果相对稳定     

后备母猪的最佳遗传繁育和合理营养能改进母猪群繁殖效率

优秀的种用母种群是从好的后备母猪生长发育方案开始的,基于这个方案有3个重要基础,它们是遗传基础、生理基础和营养基础。这3个基础是现代能繁母猪群通过遗传改进所获得的遗传优势能提高母猪群繁殖生产效率的重要条件。笔者讨论了它们作为遗传生理、营养条件,在现代种用猪群的繁殖效率改进中的作用,重点是集中在后备母猪。     

提高母猪繁殖力的综合措施

影响母猪繁殖性能的因素很多,如遗传、营养、饲养管理、热应激和疫病等因素。选留优秀的后备母猪,加强母猪饲养管理,及时淘汰性能低的母猪,严格控制各类疾病等综合措施可有效提高母猪的繁殖性能。     

山羊的繁殖控制技术

繁殖力的高低直接影响山羊生产的水平和经济效益。山羊的繁殖效率受遗传和环境等诸因素的影响,近年来各国进行了大量研究,以提高山羊的繁殖效率。一、同期发情应用同期发情技术可使配种时间和产羔时间相对集中,以利于生产计划的安排,提高劳动效率,便于实行人工授精。     

新疆白猪繁殖性状遗传规律的探讨

畜禽数量性状的遗传参数是研究畜禽遗传规律和改良品种的重要依据,大量实践证明,应用数量性状的遗传参数对于指导猪的育种工作、探讨猪种种质、提高选种水平、预测选育效果、加快选育进程都有意义。 本文采用单元内半同胞相关法估测繁殖性状的遗传力,用父系半同胞方差及协方差分析法估测性状间的遗传相关,对新疆白猪繁殖性状的一般遗传规律进行了初步探讨,以期为新疆白猪的选育提供科学依据。     

家禽精液冷冻保存技术的研究进展

家禽精液冷冻保存技术对提高家禽繁殖率，加速良种选育和扩繁起着重要作用，因为母禽生殖细胞保存受其先天的限制(在卵黄上)，无法象哺乳动物取其卵母细胞或胚胎进行良种保存和繁殖，故家禽育种的繁殖除了扩大群体外，雄性禽类精细胞的保存和利用是最有效的方法；若能将优良种禽的精液加以冷冻保存，即可充分利用良种最佳阶段的遗传性能，大大提高遗传进展。     

PMSG对母犬诱发发情的作用及效果观察

近年来,城镇的良种犬、观赏犬迅速增加,犬的繁殖技术得到了不断提高和改进,现代繁殖技术如诱发发情、超速排卵、同期发情、催情已被人们接受和应用。通过现代的繁殖技术,可人为地控制和调节母犬发情,缩短繁殖周期,提高母犬的产仔数和繁殖率,达到显著提高母犬养殖经济效益的目的     

提高奶牛繁殖力的综合技术措施

奶牛繁殖力是奶牛生产重要经济指标。奶牛繁殖是奶牛生产的重要环节之一,与奶牛饲养、管理、遗传育种、疾病防治关系十分密切。奶牛繁殖的最终目标是最大限度地减少种公牛和种母牛的饲养量,增加生产奶牛群的饲养量,以提高乳产品产量和质量以及生产经济效益。因此,提高奶牛繁殖力的措施必须考虑上述因素,还必须从提高优秀公牛和良种母牛繁殖力两方面入手,充分利用现代繁殖新技术,挖掘优良奶牛的繁殖潜力。     

影响母兔繁殖性能的主要因素

本文对影响母兔繁殖性能的主要因素进行了综述。在过去15年中,虽然兔场通过加强饲养管理和遗传选择获得了一定盈利,但与此同时,也引发了一系列与动物福利相关的问题。母兔每年的更新率和死亡率非常高,被更换的母兔通常表现出体况较差和亚健康状态。本文对胎次、产仔数、品种、断奶日龄和繁殖模式对母兔繁殖性能与福利问题的影响及相关影响机制进行了讨论。母兔大量泌乳消耗高能量,从而导致其体内脂肪分解最终引起机体能量负平衡。在目前的繁殖模式中,哺乳期和妊娠期之间存在较大的重叠,由此产生的能量和激素的拮抗会降低母兔的繁殖力和使用年限。为了缓解上述问题,需要综合考虑各种策略进而提出一种更行之有效的方法。由于遗传和环境因素对母兔的影响相对固定,因此,采用一种更能适应母兔生理机能的繁殖模式是提高母兔福利的最有效方法。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。