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金丝小枣浆烂果病,在沧州枣区已成为危害果实最严重的病害之一。发病重的年份,在果实着色后接近成熟期或采收后晾晒过程中,遇连阴雨天气,病果率达30%~60%,浆烂后的果实失去食用价值,造成很大损失。枣树浆烂果病主要是由轮纹烂果病引起的,其次还有枣软腐病、枣木霜病等。在生产上,只要重点防治枣轮纹烂果病,其它果实病害.就能达到兼治。 相似文献
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秋天,是果园收获的季节,在收摘果实以后,切勿忘记防治病虫害,下面介绍七种办法: 一、清园除叶。许多危害果树的病菌、害虫,均在枯枝落叶及荒草中越冬,成为第二年的新病虫源。因此,将果园及其附近的枯枝落叶、僵果、杂草清扫干净,集中起来沤肥或烧毁。 二、秋冬耕翻。通过对果园秋冬深翻,可把躲藏在树冠下土层内准备越冬的害虫翻出地面,让鸟类啄食或冻死。同时,深翻还能将地面上的病叶僵果及躲在枯草中的害虫深埋地下,翌年则不能顺利出土而被闷死。 三、冬刮树皮。苹果腐烂病和轮纹病、梨小食心虫和星毛虫、山楂红蜘蛛,大都在果树的粗皮、翘皮裂缝内越冬。 相似文献
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元江芒果蓟马的危害特性及其防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
芒果蓟马是危害芒果十分严重的害虫,在元江发现有黄胸蓟马、褐蓟马、红蓟马危害芒果花序及果实。花穗受害率达100%,严重影响芒果的产量和质量。1992~1994年通过对蓟马生活史及消长规律的观察,掌握了蓟马在元江以芒果为寄主,1年发生8~9代,3月底至4月初为发生高峰 6月上旬后数量迅速下降,危害降低的危害特性。5种不同药剂的防效试验表明:用24%万灵、21%灭杀毙、15%氧化乐果、40%速扑杀1000倍药液进行防治,防效达76.2%~83.6%。大田防疫达77%以上,可有效控制多种蓟马的危害,花期连续喷撒3~4次,可保证花期座果。 相似文献
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柑桔青霉病和绿霉病是柑桔果实贮藏保鲜运输期间最容易发生,危害最严重的真菌病害,会使果实大量腐烂,烂果率一般占10%~30%,严重的达50%以上.常造成不应有的经济损失。现将这两种病害的症状及防治措施介绍如下。 相似文献
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枣烂果病主要由轮纹病菌、炭疽病菌、青霉菌侵染所致。 6月下旬开始 ,以 5%菌毒清30 0倍液、4 0 %福星 70 0 0倍液、10 %世高 4 0 0 0倍液与 2 0 0倍倍量式波尔多液交替使用 ,可有效减轻烂果程度 ,防效明显好于多菌灵与波尔多液交替使用的效果 ,农用链霉素对枣烂果基本无效 相似文献
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Two-year-old Corsican pine (Pinus nigra ssp. laricio var. Corsicana) seedlings were either well watered or subjected to a moderate drought for one month before being lifted from the nursery bed on October 9 and transplanted. Well-watered, non-transplanted seedlings served as controls. Needle predawn water potential (Psi(wp)), non-structural carbohydrate concentrations and plant development (survival, bud break, shoot elongation) were assessed before and during the first growing season after transplanting. On April 16, just before bud break, Psi(wp) was lower for the well-watered + transplanted and drought-conditioned + transplanted seedlings (Psi(wp) = -1.45 and -1.83 MPa, respectively) than for the controls (Psi(wp) = -0.56). There was a close relationship between the Psi(wp) measured on April 16 and bud break, shoot elongation and plant survival during the following growing period. Above a Psi(wp) of -1.1 MPa, all plants developed normally. Between -1.1 MPa and -1.6 MPa, bud break, and thus shoot elongation, did not occur in all plants. Between -1.6 MPa and -2.1 MPa, the plants were characterized by the absence of shoot growth, but mortality was zero. Below -2.1 MPa, there was a large increase in plant mortality. On April 16, starch concentrations were markedly lower in the roots of transplanted seedlings than in the controls. There was a positive correlation between Psi(wp) and root starch concentration. The Psi(wp) (-2.3 MPa) at which complete starch depletion was observed in the roots corresponded to the Psi(wp) below which plants did not survive. These results suggest that mechanisms specifically linked to altered water status and metabolic processes associated with altered carbohydrate status are involved in transplanting stress; however, it was not possible to disentangle the two effects. Drought conditioning did not lead to a marked increase in soluble carbohydrate concentrations, as reported for other species, and did not increase plant tolerance to transplanting stress. 相似文献
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为了筛选出高效、低毒、低残毒,符合环保要求的白蚁防治药剂,从目前国际上开发的新型白蚁防治药剂中,选用5类有代表性的药剂及复配制剂进行速丰桉新造林地白蚁防治田间试验,结果表明:5%阿维菌素可湿性粉剂、50%福美双可湿性粉剂、2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油、40%毒死蜱乳油、22%甲维氟铃脲可湿性粉剂及复配药剂在林间防治效果均达70%以上。其中,生物制剂5%阿维菌素可湿性粉剂和复配药剂防治效果达85%以上,可以代替氯丹、灭蚁灵和毒死蜱在白蚁防治中使用。同时,阿维菌素对环境友好,在林木白蚁防治中有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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提高文冠果坐果率的技术措施研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了解决文冠果坐果率低的问题,采用田间试验的方法,进行了提高文冠果坐果率技术措施的研究。结果表明:疏除95%不孕花和疏除100%不孕花处理可极显著提高文冠果坐果率,是对照的4倍多;不同程度的疏除可孕花均有提高文冠果坐果率的效果,坐果率以每个侧生花序保留5朵可孕花处理为最高,可达97%以上;盛花期全树喷洒液体花粉,可以极显著地提高文冠果的坐果率,使其坐果率由4.6%提高到13.8%。 相似文献
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Data on the seasonal patterns of fruit growth and dark respiration of two peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) cultivars were combined with temperature data to calculate the carbohydrate requirements of an "average" peach fruit from bloom to harvest. The two peach cultivars used were June Lady (an early maturing (mid-June) cultivar) and O'Henry (a late maturing (early-August) cultivar). At harvest, the mean dry weight of the June Lady fruit was 17.8 g (139.7 g fresh weight) and of O'Henry fruits was 30.9 g (213.9 g fresh weight), and the times from full bloom to harvest were 107 and 154 days, respectively. The total calculated fruit respiration requirements were 132 and 300 mmol CO(2) fruit(-1) season(-1) for June Lady and O'Henry fruits, respectively. Total calculated carbohydrate requirements for fruit growth and respiration are 23.9 and 43.8 g CH(2)O fruit(-1) season(-1) for June Lady and O'Henry fruits, respectively. Fruit respiration accounted for 16.3% of the total carbohydrate requirements of June Lady fruits and 0.5% of the total carbohydrate requirements of O'Henry fruits. 相似文献
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油茶果及其副产品的氨基酸分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对油茶果壳、茶籽壳、茶籽仁、茶枯饼、浸提茶皂素后的茶枯饼及发酵茶枯饼中的氨基酸进行了分析。结果表明,它们含有包括7种必需氨基酸在内的17种氨基酸。氨基酸总含量的次序为:发酵茶枯饼(38.19%)>茶籽仁(20.52%)>茶枯饼(9.90%)>浸提茶枯饼(8.89%)>茶籽壳(2.65%)>油茶果壳(2.21%)。在氨基酸含量和配比上,发酵茶枯饼与豆饼十分接近。在发酵茶枯饼中,17种氨基酸含量、7种必需氨基酸含量和限制性氨基酸含量都比发酵前的茶枯饼中的含量分别提高2.86倍、1.86倍和1倍以上。 相似文献