| 瘦肉型猪组合配套杂交效果研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 申学林,姚曼,李爱萍,胡彦燕,余琼,范广建,夏先林.瘦肉型猪组合配套杂交效果研究[J].中国猪业,2021,16(6):36-41. |
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| 作者姓名： | 申学林 姚曼 李爱萍 胡彦燕 余琼 范广建 夏先林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1贵州省凯里市农业农村局,贵州凯里 556000; 2贵州省麻江县温氏集团龙山种猪场,贵州麻江 557600; 3贵州大学,贵州贵阳 550025 |
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| 基金项目： | 贵州省科技厅项目（黔科合NY[2014]3044号） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探索瘦肉型猪组合配套杂交方法和效果而进行试验。试验采用HN121（温氏杜洛克猪）、HN212（法系皮特兰♂×温氏杜洛克♀）为父本,以HN204（温氏大白♂×美系长白♀）为母本,对HN323（HN121×HN204）和HN424（HN212×HN204）两个组合配套进行研究。结果表明,HN424组合与HN323组合相比母猪的窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、仔猪初生窝重、21日龄仔猪成活率、21日龄窝重等繁殖性状差异不显著（P>0.05）;HN424组合仔猪的体重、背膘厚降低5.63%（P<0.05）,瘦肉率提高4.95%（P<0.05）,眼肌面积增大33.08%（P<0.01）,肉色评分降低7.19%（P<0.05）,大理石纹评分降低11.30%（P<0.01）,滴水损失率提高10.63%（P<0.01）,其他遗传性状差异不显著;HN424组合与HN204二元母系相比,日增重提高9.26%（P<0.05）,背膘厚减少16.41%（P<0.01）,料肉比减少8.02%（P<0.05）;HN323组合与HN204二元杂交母系相比,日增重提高7.20%（P<0.05）,背膘厚减少11.43%（P<0.01）,料肉比降低5.35%（P<0.05）。说明采取四元杂组合和三元杂交组合均对“大×长”（HN204）二元杂交有显著的遗传改良作用,“皮×杜×长×大”四元杂组合可显著提高猪的瘦肉率、眼肌面积,但肉色、大理石纹、滴水损失率等肉质指标变差,建议在“皮×杜×长×大”四系组合配套杂交中加入能改良肉质基因的猪种。
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| 关 键 词： | 瘦肉型猪 组合杂交 繁殖性状 经济性状 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-09 |
Study on the Effect of Hybridization of Lean Pig Combination |
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| SHEN Xuelin,YAO Man,LI Aiping,HU Yanyan,YU Qiong,FAN Guangjian,XIA Xianlin.Study on the Effect of Hybridization of Lean Pig Combination[J].China Swine Industry,2021,16(6):36-41. |
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| Authors: | SHEN Xuelin YAO Man LI Aiping HU Yanyan YU Qiong FAN Guangjian XIA Xianlin |
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| Affiliation: | 1Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Kaili City, Kaili 556000, China; 2Longshan Pig Farm of Wens Group, Majiang County, Majiang 557600, China; 3Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
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| Abstract: | This experiment was carried out for the purpose of exploring the matching hybrid method and effect of lean pig combination. The experiment adopted HN121 (Wynn Duroc Pig), HN212 ( Pitland ♂×Wynn Duroc ♀) as the parent samples, and adopted HN204 (Wynn white ♂×the American white ♀) as the mother sample, to carry out matching hybrid test of two combinations of HN323 combination (HN121×HN204) and HN424 combination (HN212×HN204). The results showed that compared with HN323 combination, for HN424 combination, there were no significant differences in sows' litter size, live litter size, piglets birth weight, survival rate of 21-day old piglets and litter weight at 21-day old piglets between HN424 combination and HN323 combination (P>0.05), and the weight backfat thickness was 5.63% lower, the lean percentage was 4.95% higher (P<0.05), the eye muscle area was 33.08% larger(P<0.01), the carnation score was 7.19% lower (P<0.05), the marble grade was 11.30% lower (P<0.01), drip loss rate was 10.63% higher (P<0.01). The difference of other hereditary traits was not significant. Compared with HN204 binary parent line, for HN424 combination, daily weight-gain increased by 9.26% (P<0.05), backfat thickness decreased by 16.41% (P<0.01), feed-to-meat ratio decreased by 8.02% (P<0.05). Compared with HN204 binary parent line, for HN323 combination, daily weight-gain increased by 7.20% (P<0.05), backfat thickness decreased by 11.43% (P<0.01), and feed-to-meat ratio decreased by 5.35% (P<0.05). Therefore, it is believed that both quaternary hybrid combination and ternary hybrid combination had significant effect on "Large×Long" (HN204) binary hybridization in genetic improvement, "Pitland×Duroc×Large×Long" quaternary hybrid combination can significantly improve lean meat rate and eye muscle area, but meat color, marble grade, drip loss rate and other meat quality indicators changed low. Therefore, it is suggested that pig breed genes which can improve meat quality should be added into the matching hybridization of "Pitland×Duroc×Large×Long" quaternary hybrid combination. |
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| Keywords: | lean pig combination hybridization breeding traits economic traits |
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