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Quantitative Accuracy of the Simplified Strong Ion Equation to Predict Serum pH in Dogs

Authors:	NJ Cave ST Koo

Affiliation:	1. Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

Abstract:	Background Electrochemical approach to the assessment of acid‐base states should provide a better mechanistic explanation of the metabolic component than methods that consider only pH and carbon dioxide. Hypothesis/Objectives Simplified strong ion equation (SSIE), using published dog‐specific values, would predict the measured serum pH of diseased dogs. Animals Ten dogs, hospitalized for various reasons. Methods Prospective study of a convenience sample of a consecutive series of dogs admitted to the Massey University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (MUVTH), from which serum biochemistry and blood gas analyses were performed at the same time. Serum pH was calculated $(H_{cal}^{+})$ using the SSIE, and published values for the concentration and dissociation constant for the nonvolatile weak acids (A_tot and K _a), and subsequently $H_{cal}^{+}$ was compared with the dog''s actual pH $(H_{measured}^{+})$ . To determine the source of discordance between $H_{cal}^{+}$ and $H_{measured}^{+}$ , the calculations were repeated using a series of substituted values for A_tot and K _a. Results The $H_{cal}^{+}$ did not approximate the $H_{measured}^{+}$ for any dog (P = 0.499, r ² = 0.068), and was consistently more basic. Substituted values A_tot and K _a did not significantly improve the accuracy (r ² = 0.169 to <0.001). Substituting the effective SID $(A_{tot} ? {HCO}_{3}^{?}])$ produced a strong association between $H_{cal}^{+}$ and $H_{measured}^{+}$ (r ² = 0.977). Conclusions and clinical importance Using the simplified strong ion equation and the published values for A_tot and K _a does not appear to provide a quantitative explanation for the acid‐base status of dogs. Efficacy of substituting the effective SID in the simplified strong ion equation suggests the error lies in calculating the SID.

Keywords:	Acid‐base Canine Electrochemical Strong ion difference

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