| 棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病的生防机制及其防病促生作用研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵玳琳,何海永,吴石平,陈小均,谭清群,杨学辉.棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病的生防机制及其防病促生作用研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2020,36(4):587-595. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵玳琳 何海永 吴石平 陈小均 谭清群 杨学辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 贵州省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 贵阳 550009 |
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| 基金项目： | 贵州省农业科学院专项（黔农科院院专项（2016）029号）；贵州省农业科学院青年基金（黔农科院青年基金[2018]30号）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑[2019]2313号）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑[2020]4Y114号）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑[2020]4Y115号）；贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划项目（黔科合平台人才[2018]5704号） |
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| 摘 要： | 探究棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病的生防机制、盆栽防治效果及其促生作用，为筛选用于草莓炭疽病绿色防控的高效生防菌提供资源及应用技术。采用平皿培养法、显微镜观察法和盆栽灌根法测定了棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病的生防机制、盆栽防效及其对草莓幼苗的促生效果。结果显示，棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽菌LC0220具有较强的竞争、抗生和重寄生作用，菌株GYSW-6m1能迅速占领营养空间，对峙培养3、5和7 d对病菌LC0220抑制率分别为68.06%、71.03%和79.03%，病菌LC0220在含有菌株GYSW-6m1发酵代谢产物平板上培养3、5和7 d抑菌率分别为79.18%、75.81%和76.13%，菌株GYSW-6m1挥发代谢物对病菌LC0220菌丝生长几乎没有抑制作用，菌株GYSW-6m1菌丝可通过接触、缠绕和穿透病菌LC0220的菌丝并引起菌丝消解断裂。菌株GYSW-6m1对草莓炭疽病具有较好的盆栽防治效果，处理LC0220+GYSW-6m1防效最显著，防效高达87.23%，处理GYSW-6m1（3 d）+LC0220和LC0220（3 d）+GYSW-6m1防效分别为52.72%和44.76%。棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1对草莓幼苗具有明显的促生效果，株高、根长、植株总鲜重和植株总干重均显著增加，促生率分别为7.96%、10.42%、22.54%和34.21%。棘孢木霉GYSW-6m1可以作为一种重要的生防资源用于草莓炭疽病的防治，具有一定的实用开发潜力。
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| 关 键 词： | 棘孢木霉 草莓炭疽菌 防治效果 促生作用 抗生作用 重寄生 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-01-02 |
Biocontrol Mechanisms and Control Effects of Trichoderma Asperellum GYSW-6m1 on Strawberry Anthracnose and Growth-promoting Effects on Strawberry |
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| ZHAO Dailin,HE Haiyong,WU Shiping,CHEN Xiaojun,TAN Qingqun,YANG Xuehui.Biocontrol Mechanisms and Control Effects of Trichoderma Asperellum GYSW-6m1 on Strawberry Anthracnose and Growth-promoting Effects on Strawberry[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2020,36(4):587-595. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Dailin HE Haiyong WU Shiping CHEN Xiaojun TAN Qingqun YANG Xuehui |
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| Affiliation: | Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to provide resources and application technologies for screening the highly effective biocontrol fungus for controlling strawberry anthracnose, the biocontrol mechanism, pot control effects of Trichoderma asperellum GYSW-6m1 against strawberry anthracnose and growth-promoting effects on strawberry seedlings were investigated by plate culture, microscopy observation and root drenching methods. The results showed that GYSW-6m1 had obvious competitive, antibiotic and hyperparasitism effects on Colletotrichum fragariae LC0220. GYSW-6m1 could quickly occupy nutritional space, and the inhibition rates of GYSW-6m1 against LC0220 in confrontation culture on 3 d, 5 d and 7 d were 68.06%, 71.03% and 79.03%, respectively. The inhibition rates of LC0220 cultured on plates with GYSW-6m1 fermentation metabolite for 3 d, 5 d and 7 d were 79.18%, 75.81% and 76.13%, respectively. Volatile metabolite of GYSW-6m1 had almost no inhibitory effects on the growth of LC0220 mycelium. The GYSW-6m1 mycelium could lead to mycelium disintegration and fracture by contacting, winding and penetrating hyphae of LC0220. GYSW-6m1 had obvious pot control effects on strawberry anthracnose. LC0220+GYSW-6m1 treatment had the highest control effect, with the efficacy up to 87.23%, followed by GYSW-6m1(3 d)+LC0220 and LC0220(3 d)+GYSW-6m1 treatments, with the efficacies of 52.72% and 44.76%, respectively. GYSW-6m1 had obvious promotion effect on strawberry growth, plant height, root length, plant total fresh weight and plant total dry weight, with the increase rate of 7.96%, 10.42%, 22.54% and 34.21%, respectively. The above results indicated that T. asperellum GYSW-6m1 had the potential to be developed as an important biocontrol agent for the prevention and control of strawberry anthracnose. |
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| Keywords: | Trichoderma asperellum Colletotrichum fragariae control effect growth-promoting effect antibiosis effect hyperparasitism |
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