| 高州水库集水区内污染源污染负荷研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周文婷,邵瑞华,马千里,赵学敏,王丽,许振成,曾海龙.高州水库集水区内污染源污染负荷研究[J].水生态学杂志,2017,38(3):23-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周文婷 邵瑞华 马千里 赵学敏 王丽 许振成 曾海龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 西安工程大学环境与化学学院;环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,西安工程大学环境与化学学院,环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学青年基金(41401115)；环保公益性行业科研专项(201509027)；广东省科技计划(2014A020216017) |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究高州水库集水区内污染状况,根据2008年污染源的调查结果,利用排污系数法和输出系数法,结合现场资料调查分别对该地区点源和非点源污染负荷(COD、NH3-N、TN、TP)进行估算,并应用地理信息系统(GIS)技术对集水区内污染源空间分布特征及来源构成进行分析。研究结果表明,高州水库集水区内COD、NH3-N、TN、TP污染物输出总量分别为8192.83、394.13、1137.38、94.29 t/a,其中非点源污染COD、NH3-N、TN、TP输出量为7114.79、336.91、1060.21、88.08 t/a,占污染物输出总量的比例分别为87%、85%、93%、93%。COD、TN和TP均以农林种植源排放为主,占总输出量的比例分别为50%、52%、50%。NH3-N以农村生活源排放为主,占总输出量的比例为63%。在空间分布上,每年不同乡镇单位面积COD负荷强度为47.08~144.63 kg.hm-2,NH3-N负荷强度2.43~5.24 kg.hm-2,TN负荷强度6.70~20.34 kg.hm-2；TP负荷强度0.60~1.73 kg.hm-2,其中以临近库区的平山镇COD、NH3-N、TN、TP污染负荷强度均最高。在来源构成上,集水区各镇COD、NH3-N、TN、TP污染负荷的70%~94%来源于非点源。因此,为保护高州水库水环境,应将集水区内非点源(农村生活、散养畜禽、农林种植)作为重点控制源,同时根据其空间分布特征进行分区防治,重点防治控制区为平山镇。
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| 关 键 词： | 高州水库 非点源 污染负荷强度 地理信息系统 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/5/12 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/5/25 0:00:00 |
Pollution Load Assessment in the Catchment Area of Gaozhou Reservoir |
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| ZHOU Wen-ting,SHAO Rui-hu,MA Qian-li,ZHAO Xue-min,WANG Li,XU Zhen-cheng and ZENG Hai-long.Pollution Load Assessment in the Catchment Area of Gaozhou Reservoir[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2017,38(3):23-31. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Wen-ting SHAO Rui-hu MA Qian-li ZHAO Xue-min WANG Li XU Zhen-cheng and ZENG Hai-long |
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| Abstract: | In order to assess the pollution load in the catchment of Gaozhou Reservoir, based on the result of pollution sources survey in the year of 2008, the point sources and non-point sources of pollution load including COD, NH3-N, TN and TP were evaluated by using the methods of emission coefficient and the export coefficient. The spatial distribution characteristics and sources of pollution were analyzed by GIS techniques. The results indicated that the discharge load of COD, NH3-N, TN, TP in the catchment of Gaozhou Reservoir were 8192.83, 394.13, 1137.38 and 94.29t/a, respectively. The discharge load of non-point sources of COD, NH3-N, TN, TP were 7114.79, 336.91, 1060.21 and 88.08 t/a, which accounted for 87%, 85%, 93% and 93% respectively. Most loads of COD, TN and TP were caused by agricultural non-point sources of pollution accounting for 50%, 52%, 50%, while 63% NH3-N was caused by rural domestic pollution. COD, NH3-N, TN and TP loads of per unit area in different towns ranged from 47.08~144.63, 2.43~5.24, 6.70~20.34 and 0.60~1.73 kg.hm-2 respectively. The Pingshan town nearest to reservoir had the highest pollution load of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP. Non-point sources of pollution contributed to 70%~94% load of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP. In order to protect the water quality of Gaozhou reservoir, non-point sources of pollution including rural domestic, livestock breeding and agricultural pollution should be focused on to control. Moreover, different measures should be taken in different areas according to their spatial pollution characteristics especially Pingshan town should be as a main controlling area. |
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| Keywords: | Gaozhou Reservoir Non-point Source Pollution Load Idensity Geographic Information Systems |
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