| 筑坝河流鱼类生物完整性研究——以珠江流域红水河为例[收稿日期：2021-08-30 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱迪,王崇,杨志,陈小娟.筑坝河流鱼类生物完整性研究——以珠江流域红水河为例[收稿日期：2021-08-30[J].水生态学杂志,2023,44(4):92-98. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱迪 王崇 杨志 陈小娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430079；水资源安全保障湖北省协同创新中心，湖北 武汉 430079 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司项目“长江水生生物完整性评价指标体系研究”（202003229） |
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| 摘 要： | 基于红水河流域开发特点和鱼类群聚组成特征，构建红水河鱼类生物完整性评价指标体系，评价梯级开发对红水河不同生境类型的鱼类生物完整性的影响。河流参照状态和基准值由1982—1994年鱼类历史监测数据分析得到；监测值是2013年调查的鱼类数据；现状值为2018年鱼类数据。针对红水河鱼类区系特点和高强度水电开发特征，选取总种类数占期望值比例、鲤科鱼类所占比例、鲿科鱼类所占比例、鲇科鱼类所占比例、耐受性鱼类个体所占比例、渔获物中出现的科数所占比例、杂食性鱼类个体所占比例、底栖动物食性鱼类个体所占比例、顶级肉食性鱼类所占比例和外来种个体所占比例等10个指标构建红水河IBI指标体系。结果表明：2013年25个采样江段的IBI值为38 ~ 80分，均值62分。其中，24%的江段生物完整性等级为“好”；32%的江段生物完整性等级为“一般”；44%的江段生物完整性等级为“差”。从生境类型来看，支流生物完整性明显优于水库、库尾回水区。此外，现状数据评价的结果为：2018年红水河IBI值为64分，高于2013年均值62分，生物完整性均处于“一般”等级。
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| 关 键 词： | 筑坝河流 红水河 生物完整性 鱼类群聚 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/8/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/11/3 0:00:00 |
Biological Integrity of Dammed Rivers - A Case Study of Hongshui River in the Pearl River Basin |
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| ZHU Di,WANG Chong,YANG Zhi,CHEN Xiao-juan.Biological Integrity of Dammed Rivers - A Case Study of Hongshui River in the Pearl River Basin[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2023,44(4):92-98. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Di WANG Chong YANG Zhi CHEN Xiao-juan |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Ministry of Water Resources for Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China; Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Water Resources Security, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China |
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| Abstract: | In this study, an adaptive fish index of biotic integrity (IBI) was developed to assess the influence of cascaded hydropower development on fish assemblages in Hongshui River, based on regional development characteristics and fish assemblages. The reference status and expected values were obtained from historical data on fish monitoring for the period 1982-1994. The monitoring data was taken from a fish community survey carried out in 2013 at 25 river sections, including three habitat types: 9 reservoir backwater sections, 6 reservoir sections and 10 tributary sections. The status value was obtained from the fish community survey of 2018. Based on the characteristics of fish assemblages in Hongshui River and the high-intensity hydropower development, ten metrics belonging to four attributes of fish assemblages (species richness and composition, tolerance, trophic structure and individual condition) were used to develop the biotic integrity index after preliminary evaluation. The ten metrics are expressed as ratios: (1) Total fish species collected to expected number of species, (2) Cyprinidae species to total fish species, (3) Bagridae species to total fish species, (4) Siluridae species to total fish species, (5) tolerant fish to total fish, (6) fish families collected to expected number of families, (7) omnivorous species to total species, (8) benthic insectivorous species to total species, (9) top carnivorous species to total species, (10) exotic fish species to total species. After weighting the metrics, IBI values were calculated and the range was 38-80 over the 25 sections in 2013, with a mean value of 62. The IBI score was classified as good at 24% of the sections, fair at 32% of the sections, and poor at 44% of the sections. From the perspective of habitat type, the IBI score for the tributaries was significantly higher than those in the reservoir and backwater areas, but the difference between the reservoir sections and backwater sections was not significant. The average IBI value for the 25 sections in 2018 was 64, slightly but not significantly higher than in 2013, and the biological integrity of all investigated sections was generally fair. |
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