| 人工湿地堵塞监测方法的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 张明珍,徐栋,武俊梅,吴振斌.人工湿地堵塞监测方法的研究进展[J].水生态学杂志,2021,42(3):121-126. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张明珍 徐栋 武俊梅 吴振斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室，湖北 武汉430072；中国科学院大学，北京100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十三五”水专项（2017ZX07602002-004）；中国科学院科技服务网络计划资助（KFJ-STS-ZDTP-038） |
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| 摘 要： | 人工湿地堵塞是目前国内外研究的热点问题，精确、高效的监测方法对提升湿地运行管理及净化能力等有重要意义。总结前人研究成果，比较分析目前人工湿地堵塞常见和可能的监测方法，对人工湿地堵塞监测方法和装置设备的研究方向及重点进行了展望，以期为堵塞湿地的长期监测提供参考。根据湿地内部水力学分析、基质或堵塞物物理化学性质将监测方法分为原位法和异位法。原位法中基于水力传导率测定的下降水头法和恒定水头法应用广泛；示踪剂技术较为简明直观，常用作堵塞湿地水流模型的建立；时域反射探针、探地雷达以及核磁共振传感器等新型原位探针技术对湿地内部造成的干扰较小，在湿地堵塞物定性定量方面具有良好发展前景；基于湿地内部电阻效应的微生物燃料电池法是目前研究的热点；基于基质孔隙率和堵塞物成分和性质的异位测定法还有较大提升空间；新兴的以蚯蚓为主的生物监测和根区微生物监测同样值得探索。
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| 关 键 词： | 人工湿地 堵塞 监测 原位法 异位法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/12/6 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/4/25 0:00:00 |
Review of Methods for Monitoring Clogging of Constructed Wetlands |
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| ZHANG Ming-zhen,XU Dong,WU Jun-mei,WU Zhen-bin.Review of Methods for Monitoring Clogging of Constructed Wetlands[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2021,42(3):121-126. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Ming-zhen XU Dong WU Jun-mei WU Zhen-bin |
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| Abstract: | Clogging of constructed wetlands is a subject of global interest. Accurate and efficient monitoring methods are crucial for improving wetland operation, management and purification capability. In this paper, based on a review of published research results, we compared and analyzed both current and potential methods for monitoring clogging of constructed wetlands. Research directions and primary monitoring methods and devices were considered, with the aim of providing a reference for effective long-term monitoring of wetland clogging. The monitoring methods can be classified as in-situ and ex-situ, depending on the hydraulic properties of the constructed wetland and the physicochemical properties of both the substrate and the material responsible for clogging. Among in-situ methods, the falling head method and constant head method, based on measurement of hydraulic conductivity, are widely used. When a constructed wetland is found to be gradually clogging, tracer testing is often used to develop a flow model because it is relatively simple and intuitive. More recently developed in-situ methods include probe technology, including time domain reflection (TDR), ground penetrating radar (GPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), suffers less interference in the interior of the wetland, and prospects are good for developing qualitative and quantitative research on materials causing wetland clogging. microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology, based on the resistance that develops in a wetland is currently an emphasis area. Ex-situ methods, based on substrate porosity and the composition and properties of clogging materials, have great potential for improvement. Emerging biological methods, based primarily on monitoring earthworms and rhizospheric microbes, are also worthy of exploring. |
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