| 江苏省6个典型湖泊水生植物分布及其与环境因子的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 夏莹霏,胡晓东,徐季雄,韩庚宝,翁松干,吴沛沛,周 睿.江苏省6个典型湖泊水生植物分布及其与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,2020,41(3):69-76. |
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| 作者姓名： | 夏莹霏 胡晓东 徐季雄 韩庚宝 翁松干 吴沛沛 周 睿 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏省水利科学研究院，江苏 南京210017；河海大学环境学院，江苏 南京210098;;常州市金坛区水利局指前水利管理服务站，江苏 常州 213022;中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司，湖北 武汉 430010 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省创新能力提升项目（BM2016031）；水利部示范项目（SF-201816）；江苏省水利科技项目（2016028）；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（SJCX17_0136） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对近30年来江苏省湖泊富营养化问题较为严重的现状,2016年4-5月(春季)和7-9月(夏季)进行了6个典型湖泊(白马湖、宝应湖、高邮湖、邵伯湖、长荡湖、滆湖)水生植物的野外分布情况调查,计算其优势度,判定典型湖泊的水生植物优势种。结果表明,江苏省6个典型湖泊常见水生植物19科、29种,呈现明显的季节及地域差异,主要优势种为芦苇(Phragmites australis)、茭草(Zizania latifolia)、菹草(Potamogeton crispus)、穗状狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)、荇菜(Nymphoides peltata)、空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)及野菱(Trapa natans),生活型主要以挺水植物为主。综合营养指数法评价结果显示,6个典型湖泊均属于富营养化湖泊;其中长荡湖和滆湖为中度富营养水平,白马湖、宝应湖、高邮湖、邵泊湖均达到轻度富营养化水平。结合环境因子相关性和冗余分析(RDA),认为总氮(TN)、五日生化需氧量(BOD_5)是影响江苏省湖泊优势水生植物生长分布最主要的环境因子。
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| 关 键 词： | 典型湖泊 水生植物 环境因子 冗余分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/2/8 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/6/5 0:00:00 |
Distribution of Aquatic Plants in Six Typical Lakes of Jiangsu Province and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors |
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| XIA Ying-fei,HU Xiao-dong,XU Ji-xiong,HAN Geng-bao,WENG Song-gan,WU Pei-pei,ZHOU Rui.Distribution of Aquatic Plants in Six Typical Lakes of Jiangsu Province and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2020,41(3):69-76. |
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| Authors: | XIA Ying-fei HU Xiao-dong XU Ji-xiong HAN Geng-bao WENG Song-gan WU Pei-pei ZHOU Rui |
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| Affiliation: | Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210017, P.R.China; Environment College of Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R.China;;Zhiqian Water Conservancy Management Service Station of Jintan District, Changzhou 213022, P.R. China; Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430010, P.R.China |
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| Abstract: | Aquatic plants are primary producers in water bodies and play an important role in lake ecosystems. Jiangsu province, located in the central area of the east coast of China, has numerous freshwater lakes and eutrophication has become more serious over the past 30 years. However, knowledge of the effects of environmental change on the growth of aquatic plants is incomplete. We investigated the distribution of aquatic plants in six typical lakes (Baima, Baoying, Gaoyou, Shaobo, Changdang and Gehu) of Jiangsu Province during April-May (spring) and July-September (summer) of 2016. The dominant species, diversity and community succession of the aquatic plants were analyzed and relationships between aquatic plant distribution and environmental variables was studied using redundancy analysis (RDA). The aim was to provide basic data for the remediation of eutrophic lakes in Jiangsu Province. Across the six lakes, a total of 29 plant species from 19 families were observed, dominated by Phragmites australis, Zizania latifolia, Potamogeton crispus, Myriophyllum spicatum, Nymphoides peltata, Alternanthera philoxeroides and Trapa natan. The distribution of aquatic plants varied seasonally and spatially. The plant community was dominated by Potamogeton crispus in spring and by Nymphoides peltata and Trapa natan in summer. The species composition and distribution of the aquatic plants was similar in the two southern lakes (Changdang Lake and Gehu Lake) and the four northern lakes also presented similar plant community characteristics. The primary plant type was the emergent plants, primarily distributed along shorelines. The comprehensive trophic status index shows that Changdang Lake and Gehu Lake were mesotrophic and Baima Lake, Baoying Lake, Gaoyou Lake and Shaobo Lake were slightly eutrophic. Water quality in the southern region was significantly worse than in the northern region. Redundancy analysis and correlation analysis showed that total nitrogen and BOD5 were the most important environmental factors affecting the distribution of dominant aquatic plants in Jiangsu province. We recommend that the distribution and composition of aquatic plants be considered during the ecological restoration of lakes. |
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