| 噪声对鱼类影响研究现状与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 占慧芬,李晓兵,尼玛旦增,张占,达瓦,王艳,刘振彪,刘媛媛,何晨睿,石小涛,刘国勇.噪声对鱼类影响研究现状与展望[J].水生态学杂志,2023,44(6):142-147. |
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| 作者姓名： | 占慧芬 李晓兵 尼玛旦增 张占 达瓦 王艳 刘振彪 刘媛媛 何晨睿 石小涛 刘国勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 三峡大学,三峡大学,三峡大学,三峡大学,三峡大学,三峡大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（52179070）；国家优秀青年科学基金（51922065）；湖北省鱼类过坝技术国际科技合作基地开放基金课题（HIBF-2020007） |
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| 摘 要： | 本文对国内外学者就噪声对鱼类听力、信息掩蔽、生理和行为等多方面的研究成果进行了总结，为噪声对鱼类的影响提供较为系统的信息资料。噪声对鱼类行为和鱼类听力、信息掩蔽、其他生理等多方面都会产生不利影响。噪声刺激会显著性增加鱼类游泳速度，减少觅食量，降低产卵成功率；导致鱼类的听力受损；阻碍鱼类之间信息交流，对鱼类寻求配偶产生不利影响，干扰鱼类回声定位；促使鱼体内生理激素、生理应激指标发生不适变化。强烈的噪声刺激会损伤鱼体的器官。目前的研究在实验声场场景、声波粒子运动、实验设置形式和试验周期监测等方面存在一定的不足，多数实验设计都无法模拟真实的声场场景；测量声音的质点运动分量方面鲜有研究；噪声暴露实验设置形式单一且很少进行周期性监测。针对当前的研究缺陷，建议从以下方面改进研究：（1）模拟真实声场场景；（2）探测声波粒子运动对鱼类的影响；（3）开展噪声暴露时间和播放形式方面的研究并进行周期性监测。
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| 关 键 词： | 噪声 鱼类听力 鱼类生理 鱼类行为 信息掩蔽 声波粒子运动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/5/5 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/7/11 0:00:00 |
Research status and prospect of noise effect on fish |
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| ZHAN Hui-fen,LI Xiao-bing,NIMA Dan-zeng,ZHANG Zhan,DA W,WANG Yan,LIU Zhen-biao,LIU Yuan-yuan,HE Chen-rui,SHI Xiao-tao,LIU Guo-yong.Research status and prospect of noise effect on fish[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2023,44(6):142-147. |
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| Authors: | ZHAN Hui-fen LI Xiao-bing NIMA Dan-zeng ZHANG Zhan DA W WANG Yan LIU Zhen-biao LIU Yuan-yuan HE Chen-rui SHI Xiao-tao LIU Guo-yong |
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| Affiliation: | China Three Gorges University,China Three Gorges University,China Three Gorges University,China Three Gorges University,China Three Gorges University,China Three Gorges University |
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| Abstract: | This paper summarizes the research results of domestic and foreign scholars on the hearing, information masking, physiology and behavior of fish, and provides more systematic information for the impact of noise on fish. Noise adversely affects fish behavior and fish hearing, information masking, and other physiological aspects. Noise stimulation will significantly increase the swimming speed of fish, reduce the amount of foraging, and reduce the success rate of spawning; Causes hearing loss in fish; Obstruct the exchange of information between fish, adversely affect the fish''s pursuit of mates, and interfere with the echo localization of fish; Promote uncomfortable changes in physiological hormones and physiological stress indicators in fish. Strong noise stimulation can damage the organs of the fish. At present, there are certain deficiencies in experimental sound field scenes, sound wave particle motion, experimental setting forms and test cycle monitoring, and most experimental designs cannot simulate real sound field scenes; There is little research on measuring the motility component of the particles of sound; Noise exposure experiments are set up in a single form and rarely monitored periodically. In view of the current research defects, it is recommended to improve the research from the following aspects: (1) simulate the real sound field scene; (2) Detect the effect of sound particle movement on fish; (3) Carry out research on noise exposure time and playback form and conduct periodic monitoring. |
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| Keywords: | noise fish hearing fish physiology fish behavior Information masking sound wave particle movement |
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