| 大渡河河口浮游植物群落时空分布特征及其与环境因子的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 王文君,方艳红,胡晓东.大渡河河口浮游植物群落时空分布特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,2019,40(6):16-23. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王文君 方艳红 胡晓东 |
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| 作者单位： | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所，水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430079；,水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所，水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430079；,中国水电建设集团四川电力开发有限公司，四川 成都 610041 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国水利水电建设集团公司科研项目（AG2012/S-46-D）；中国水利水电建设集团公司监测项目（AG2014/S-83）；江西省水利厅重点科研项目（编号：KT201624） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探究安谷水电站建成后浮游植物群落时空分布特征及其与水环境因子的关系，于2015年5月至2016年9月对其所在的大渡河河口开展了调查。结果表明，调查区域共采集到浮游植物7门、49属、138种，主要由硅藻（种类数占71.02%）、绿藻（15.95%）、蓝藻（9.42%）、裸藻（1.45%）组成。大渡河河口主河道浮游植物种类数较高，特别是安谷水电站坝下断面最高。浮游植物密度为31.20×104~66.69×104个/L，其组成以硅藻为主，秋季浮游植物密度高于春季。大渡河主河道各样点浮游植物密度水平分布变化大，安谷水电站库区和坝下样点密度显著高于调查河段的其他样点。对比安谷水库蓄水前后，浮游植物种类的季节分布无明显差异，而密度的季节分布则差异明显；浮游植物群落的空间分布发生了显著变化，特别是安谷水电站库区和坝下浮游植物种类和密度明显增加。Person相关性分析显示，影响浮游植物密度的主要因子是水温、流速、透明度，与氮、磷元素的浓度则未显出相关性；RDA分析表明，水温、溶解氧、流速、透明度、总氮是影响浮游植物组成的主要因素。安谷水电站的建设使得水体理化指标及水文情势分布因素发生改变，对浮游植物群落的时空分布造成了直接影响，特别是电站库区和坝下，浮游植物的种类和密度变化明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 安谷水电站 浮游植物 群落结构 时空分布 环境因子 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/3/14 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/11/6 0:00:00 |
Spatio-temporal Distribution of the Phytoplankton Community in Dadu River near Angu Reservoir and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors |
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| WANG Wen-jun,FANG Yan-hong and HU Xiao-dong.Spatio-temporal Distribution of the Phytoplankton Community in Dadu River near Angu Reservoir and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2019,40(6):16-23. |
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| Authors: | WANG Wen-jun FANG Yan-hong and HU Xiao-dong |
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| Abstract: | Phytoplankton community structure and distribution are closely related to water environmental factors. In this study, we studied the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of the phytoplankton community above and below Angu hydropower project on the Dadu River and analyzed the response of the phytoplankton community to changes in the water environment. The aim of the study was to provide basic biological data for water ecosystem restoration in Dadu River Reservoir and a technical reference for evaluating predictions of phytoplankton community dynamics in other similar reservoirs. In May and October of 2015, and April and September of 2016, phytoplankton sampling was carried out at eight sites in Dadu River and its tributaries and water quality parameters were determined. Sites 1-4 were in the main channel, with Sites 1-2 above the dam and Sites 3-4 below the dam, and Sites 5-8 were tributary sites. A total of 138 phytoplankton species belonging to 49 genera and 7 phyla were identified. Bacillariophyta was the dominant phytoplankton species (71.02%), followed by Chlorophyta (15.95%), Cyanophyta (9.42%) and Euglenophyta (1.45%). The highest species richness was found in the main channel of Dadu River, especially the transect below the dam. The range of phytoplankton density was 31.20×104 - 66.69×104 ind/L, dominated by diatoms. Phytoplankton density in autumn was higher than that in spring. Spatially, phytoplankton density varied significantly in the main channel of Dadu River. The densities in Angu Reservoir and below the dam were significantly higher than at other sampling sites. Before and after impoundment of Angu Reservoir, seasonal differences in species richness were not significant, but seasonal differences in density were significant. Spatial differences in phytoplankton community structure were significant and phytoplankton density increased sharply in the reservoir and channel below the dam. Pearson analysis showed that phytoplankton density was significantly correlated with water temperature, flow velocity and transparency. Correlation of density with nitrogen and phosphorus were not significant. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicates that water temperature, dissolved oxygen, flow velocity, transparency and total nitrogen were the primary factors affecting phytoplankton community composition. In summary, changes in the physicochemistry and hydrology of Dadu River caused by construction of Angu hydropower station directly affected the spatial and temporal distributions of the phytoplankton community, particularly in the reservoir and river below the dam where species composition and phytoplankton density changed significantly. |
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