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乌江流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物评价
引用本文:陈浒,林 陶,秦樊鑫.乌江流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物评价[J].水生态学杂志,2010,31(6):5-11.
作者姓名:陈浒  林 陶  秦樊鑫
作者单位:1. 贵州师范大学,中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵州,贵阳,550001
2. 贵州师范大学,贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵州,贵阳,550001
摘    要:为了解乌江流域的底栖动物群落结构和水质状况,2006年7-8月对贵州境内乌江流域干流和16条主要支流共34个断面的底栖动物进行了调查,并利用生物学污染指数(BPI)、Goodnight-Whitley生物指数(G.I)和Shannon-Wiener指数(H)对流域水质进行了评价。共获底栖动物132 种,隶属4门7纲54科,其中线形动物1种,环节动物21种,软体动物37种,节肢动物73种,在种类数上以软体动物和水生昆虫占优势,分别占总物种数的28.03%和53.78%。流域底栖动物密度为22-21712 ind./m2,其中霍甫水丝蚓、凸旋螺相对密度较高,在流域分布较为广泛,是流域的优势种;乌江大桥、沙沱电站、沿河二桥、思渠等断面具有较高的生物多样性(H=2.97~3.56)。底栖动物群落主要包括软体动物或以软体动物为主、软体动物+节肢动物或以软体动物+节肢动物为主、环节动物为主、节肢动物+环节动物或以节肢动物为主等类型,软体动物为群落中的优势种。水质生物评价显示:基于BPI, 有21个断面受到轻度到中度污染;基于H, 有31个断面受到中度到严重污染;基于G.I, 则34个断面分别受到轻度到严重污染。为使流域水质得到改善,必须对污染源进行控制。

关 键 词:大型底栖动物  群落结构  水质生物评价  乌江流域
收稿时间:6/27/2010 8:27:18 PM
修稿时间:2010/10/31 0:00:00

Macroinvertebrate community structure and the biological assessment to the water quality of Wujiang river
chen hu,lin tao and qin fan xin.Macroinvertebrate community structure and the biological assessment to the water quality of Wujiang river[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2010,31(6):5-11.
Authors:chen hu  lin tao and qin fan xin
Affiliation:Institute of South China Karst, Guizhou Normal University
Abstract:An investigation was conducted in 34 sections of mainstream and 16 tributaries of Wujiang River of Guizhou Province in July-August 2006 in order to study the community structure of macroinvertebrate and water quality. Biology Pollution Index (BPI), Goodnight-Whitley Index (GI) and Shannon-Wiener Index (H) were applied to assess water quality. It was found that there was 132 macroinvertebrates species belonging to 54 families, 7 classes and 4 phyla. These macroinvertebrates including 1 species of nematoda, 21 species of annelidas, 37 species of mollusks and 73 species of arthropods, and molluscs (28.03%) and aquatic insects (53.78%) were dominant groups. The density of macroinvertebrates was 22-21712 ind/m2 in the river basin. As dominant species, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Gyraulus convexiusculus showed relatively high densities. The biodiversity was quite high in Wujiangdaqiao, Shatuodianzhan, Yanheerqiao, Siqu sections (H=2.97~3.56). The types of macroinvertebrates community including Mollusca or mainly Mollusca, Mollusca + Arthropoda or mainly Mollusca + Arthropoda, mainly Annelida, Arthropoda + Annelida or mainly Arthropoda, and Mollusca were dominant groups in majority community in the river basin. The biologic assessment of water quality suggested that 21 sections were contaminated from light to medium on BPI, 31 sections were contaminated from medium to severe on H, 34 sections were contaminated from light to severe on G.I. Therefore, it is very important to control pollution sources in order to improve Wujiang river water quality.
Keywords:Macroinvertebrate  community structure  biologic assessment of water quality  Wujiang river
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