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滆湖北部底泥疏浚的生态效应研究
引用本文:吴沛沛,刘劲松,胡晓东,杨星,翁松干,李志清,郭刘超,吴苏舒.滆湖北部底泥疏浚的生态效应研究[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(2):32-38.
作者姓名:吴沛沛  刘劲松  胡晓东  杨星  翁松干  李志清  郭刘超  吴苏舒
作者单位:江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏省水利厅,江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏省水利科学研究院
基金项目:江苏省科技计划项目(BM2014041);江苏省水利科技项目(2013002;2014038;2014042)。
摘    要:为研究滆湖北部湖区生态系统对底泥生态疏浚的动态响应,2012年10月~2013年9月在滆湖北部湖区采集沉积物和生物样品,分析底泥疏浚对底泥营养盐含量、浮游植物、底栖动物和大型水生植物群落结构的影响。结果表明,滆湖北部疏浚区的总氮、总磷和有机质营养盐含量低于未疏浚区,说明底泥疏浚是削减沉积物内源负荷的有效手段。与未疏浚区相比,疏浚区浮游植物的密度、生物量有所减少,且群落中蓝藻所占的比例下降,浮游植物多样性指数上升,一定程度上减少了滆湖北部发生蓝藻水华的风险。疏浚区底栖动物中的寡毛类的数量和生物量与未疏浚区基本相等,而摇蚊类和软体动物的密度和生物量则下降了80%以上。底泥疏浚区大型水生植物的种类、覆盖度和生物量与未疏浚区相当。

关 键 词:底泥疏浚  沉积物  浮游植物  底栖动物  大型水生植物  滆湖
收稿时间:2014/9/19 0:00:00
修稿时间:2014/12/17 0:00:00

Ecological Effects of Dredging on Aquatic Ecosystem in Northern Gehu Lake
WU Pei-pei,LIU Jin-song,HU Xiao-dong,YANG Xing,WENG Song-gan,LI Zhi-qing,GUO Liu-chao and WU Su-shu.Ecological Effects of Dredging on Aquatic Ecosystem in Northern Gehu Lake[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2015,36(2):32-38.
Authors:WU Pei-pei  LIU Jin-song  HU Xiao-dong  YANG Xing  WENG Song-gan  LI Zhi-qing  GUO Liu-chao and WU Su-shu
Affiliation:Jiangsu Water Conservancy,Jiangsu Water Conservancy,Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute
Abstract:In order to investigate the ecological effects of dredging on aquatic ecosystem in northern Lake Gehu, the sediments and biological samples in northern Lake Gehu were collected during October 2012 to September 2013. Contents of nutrients in sediments were measured, and the phytoplankton, aquatic macrophyte and macrozoobenthos communities (including species composition, density and biomass) also were investigated. The results showed that dredging was a useful approach for lowering nutrients in sediments; and contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter of sediment in dredged areas were less than those in un-dredged areas. The proportion of cyanobacteria were reduced in the dredged areas of the northern Lake Gehu, and both density and biomass of phytoplankton hand been decreased compare with the un-dredged areas. Then, the Shannon-Wiener index of phytoplankton in dredged areas was obviously higher than that in un-dredged areas; therefore, risk of cyanobacteria bloom was probably reduced in the northern Lake Gehu. The oligochaeta had also been restored quickly in the short time after dredging; however, density and biomass of chironomids and mollusks had been dropped by more than 80%.Species, biomass and coverage of macrophyte in dredged areas were basically equivalent to those in un-dredged areas.
Keywords:Dredging  sediment  phytoplankton  aquatic macrophyte  macrozoobenthos  Lake Gehu
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