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长毛对虾海水养殖环境以及虾肠道微生物群落结构研究
引用本文:王春忠,林国荣,严涛,郑志鹏,欧清峰,陈斌,孙富林.长毛对虾海水养殖环境以及虾肠道微生物群落结构研究[J].水产学报,2014,38(5):706-712.
作者姓名:王春忠  林国荣  严涛  郑志鹏  欧清峰  陈斌  孙富林
作者单位:福建省莆田市水产科学研究所, 福建 莆田 351100;莆田学院, 福建 莆田 351100;中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;莆田市天然星农业开发有限公司, 福建 莆田 351100;莆田市天然星农业开发有限公司, 福建 莆田 351100;莆田市天然星农业开发有限公司, 福建 莆田 351100;中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301
基金项目:国家科技富民强县专项行动计划(国科发农[2012]745号);福建省科技厅区域重大项目(2013N3004);莆田市科技计划区域重点项目(2012S14)
摘    要:为了研究长毛对虾养殖环境以及对虾肠道微生物种群结构的特征,实验分别采集养殖区进水口水体、养殖池底泥、养殖池水体以及长毛对虾肠道样品,采用构建16S rRNA基因克隆文库的方法对不同样品间的微生物群落组成进行了研究。结果表明,4组样品中共获得621条序列,操作分类单元(OTU)总数达212个,表明养殖环境微生物群落结构具有高度的多样性。从遗传进化树分析发现,进水口水体中细菌优势种群为蓝细菌(53.97%)、α-变形杆菌(13.76%)和γ-变形杆菌(10.58%);养殖池水体细菌优势种群为蓝细菌(33.55%)、γ-变形杆菌(14.84%)、厚壁菌(14.19%)、拟杆菌(12.26%)和α-变形杆菌(9.68%);养殖池底泥细菌优势种群大部分属于厚壁细菌(79.12%);对虾肠道细菌优势种群为厚壁细菌(75.79%)、梭杆菌(13.68%)和γ-变形杆菌(10.53%)。在目分类水平上,养殖池底泥、养殖池水体和对虾肠道中芽孢杆菌占有较高的比例,分别占克隆数的69.78%、13.55%和72.63%;进水口水体和养殖池水体中红细菌的比例较高,分别占克隆数的10.05%和9.68%。本研究分析了养殖环境以及对虾肠道微生物的群落结构,揭示微生物从水源到对虾肠道内的演替规律。总体上,本养殖系统微生物群落结构良好,但在养殖池水体和对虾肠道中也检测到黄杆菌类群和少量的弧菌。本研究有助于了解养殖环境对于对虾肠道微生物组成的影响,并为长毛对虾病害的预防提供参考。

关 键 词:长毛对虾  细菌群落  16SrRNA基因文库  海水养殖系统
收稿时间:2013/12/23 0:00:00
修稿时间:3/5/2014 12:00:00 AM

Microbial community in the shrimp(Penaeus penicillatus)intestine and its culture environment
WANG Chunzhong,LIN Guorong,YAN Tao,ZHENG Zhipeng,OU Qingfeng,CHEN Bin and SUN Fulin.Microbial community in the shrimp(Penaeus penicillatus)intestine and its culture environment[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(5):706-712.
Authors:WANG Chunzhong  LIN Guorong  YAN Tao  ZHENG Zhipeng  OU Qingfeng  CHEN Bin and SUN Fulin
Affiliation:Putian Institute of Aquaculture Science of Fujian Province, Putian 351100, China;Department of Environment and Life Sciences, Putian University, Putian 351100, China;South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;Putian Tian Ran Xing Agriculture Development Co. Ltd., Putian 351100, China;Putian Tian Ran Xing Agriculture Development Co. Ltd., Putian 351100, China;Putian Tian Ran Xing Agriculture Development Co. Ltd., Putian 351100, China;South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
Abstract:To investigate bacterial communities and diversity in the shrimp(Penaeus penicillatus)intestinal and culture-associated environment,16S rRNA clone library analysis was performed.The results demonstrated that there were obvious differences in the bacterial compositions of the outside seawater,culture system and the shrimp intestine.The comparison analysis revealed that the bacterial community had high diversity among the samples.The results also showed that the intestinal microbial community of shrimp had lower diversity than those from the culture-associated environments.Cyanobacteria(53.97%),Alpha-proteobacteria(13.76%)and Gamma-proteobacteria(10.58%)constituted the dominant components of the outside seawater samples.Cyanobacteria(33.55%),Gamma-proteobacteria(14.84%),Firmicutes(14.19%),Bacteriodietes(12.26%)and Alpha-proteobacteria(9.68%)were the dominant bacteria groups in culture water.Culture sediments were mainly dominated by Firmicutes(79.12%).Firmicutes(75.79%),Fusobacteria(13.68%)and Gamma-proteobacteria(10.53%)were dominant in the shrimp intestine.The order of Bacillales occupied a higher proportion of bacterial community in culture sediments(69.78%),culture water(13.55%)and the shrimp intestinal tract(72.63%),which may play an important role in the maintenance of healthy culture system.An important bacteria group,Rhodobacterales was also dominant in outside water(10.05%)and culture water samples(9.68%).In addition,outside seawater and culture water harbored higher diversity of bacterial community than the shrimp intestine and culture sediments,and had more potential pathogens,such as Flavobacteria(10.32%)and Fusobacteriales(13.68%).This study will increase our understanding about the effects of culture environment on bacterial community composition in the shrimp intestine and provide valuable data for the development of prevention mechanisms for shrimp cultivation.
Keywords:Penaeus penicillatus  microbial community  16S rRNA gene library  marine culture system
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