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| 饲料中豆粕蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、体成分及血液生化指标的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 向 枭,周兴华,陈 建,李代金,王文娟,周小秋.饲料中豆粕蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、体成分及血液生化指标的影响[J].水产学报,2012,36(5):723-731. |
| 作者姓名： | 向 枭 周兴华 陈 建 李代金 王文娟 周小秋 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 西南大学荣昌校区水产系淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室,重庆402460;四川农业大学动物营养研究所,四川雅安625014 2. 西南大学荣昌校区水产系淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室,重庆402460 3. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所,四川雅安,625014 |
| 基金项目： | 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XDJK2009C165); 西南大学水产养殖学科基金(SC1002) |
| 摘 要： | 试验分别以豆粕替代0(对照组)、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%的鱼粉蛋白设计出6种等氮等能的饲料配方, 按照配方配制试验饲料(A1、A2、A3、A4、A5和A6)。将540尾体质量为(14.67±0.51) g的齐口裂腹鱼随机分为6个试验组, 每组3个重复, 每个重复30尾试验鱼, 分别投喂6种不同的试验饲料, 养殖时间为45 d。结果表明, 豆粕蛋白替代水平对齐口裂腹鱼的生长有显著影响。豆粕替代鱼粉蛋白的比例为60%时, 试验鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料蛋白效率(PER)均达到最高(分别为118.08%、1.95%/d和207.22%), 饵料系数(FCR)最小(1.27)(P<0.05)。与其余各试验组相比, 替代比例为100%的试验组的WGR、SGR、PER显著降低, FCR显著升高(P<0.05)。通过二次多项式回归分析可知, 齐口裂腹鱼生长性能最佳时豆粕蛋白替代比例为34.25%~45.46%; 随着豆粕替代鱼粉蛋白比例的增大, 鱼体水分、粗灰分、肥满度差异不显著(P>0.05), 粗蛋白在豆粕蛋白替代水平为60%时达到最高(15.53%), 但在豆粕蛋白替代比例小于80%时试验鱼体粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05), 肝体指数则随豆粕蛋白替代水平增加而增大, 但在0~80%之间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着豆粕蛋白替代比例的增加, 超氧化歧化酶(SOD)的活性有一定的波动, 在豆粕蛋白替代比例为40%达到最高, 豆粕蛋白替代比例在20%~60%时, 溶菌酶(LSZ)的活性逐渐升高, 但各组间及与对照组间的差异不显著(P>0.05), 谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)随着豆粕替代比例增加而逐渐升高, 但豆粕蛋白替代比例小于80%时差异不显著(P>0.05)。豆粕蛋白替代比例为100%时AST、ALT活性显著高于其余各试验组(P<0.05)。说明饲料中豆粕替代一定比例的鱼粉蛋白可促进齐口裂腹鱼的生长, 提高对饲料蛋白的代谢和免疫能力, 但豆粕替代鱼粉蛋白比例超过80%则可引起肝损伤或组织病变。在本试验条件下, 综合考虑其生长指标、体成分及免疫指标, 齐口裂腹鱼的饲料中豆粕对鱼粉蛋白的最大替代比例为80%, 当其替代比例为34.25%~45.46%时可获得最佳生长效果。 |
| 关 键 词： | 齐口裂腹鱼 生长性能 体组成 血液生化指标 |
| 收稿时间： | 8/20/2011 3:40:54 PM |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/12/28 0:00:00 |
Effect of dietary replacement of fish meal protein with soybean meal protein on the growth, body composition and hematology indices of Schizothorax prenanti |
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| XIANG Xiao,ZHOU Xing-hu,CHEN Jian,LI Dai-jin,WANG Wen-juan and ZHOU Xiao-qiu.Effect of dietary replacement of fish meal protein with soybean meal protein on the growth, body composition and hematology indices of Schizothorax prenanti[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2012,36(5):723-731. | |
| Authors: | XIANG Xiao ZHOU Xing-hu CHEN Jian LI Dai-jin WANG Wen-juan and ZHOU Xiao-qiu |
| Affiliation: | Southwest University,Southwest University,Southwest University,Southwest University,Southwest University |
| Abstract: | This experiment was conducted to study the effect of replacement of fish meal by soybean meal protein on the growth ,body composition and hematology indices of juvenile Schizothorax prenanti. Healthy S. prenanti with the initial weight (14.67±0.51) g]were randomly divided into six groups with three replicates of 30 fish. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to contain different levels of soybean meal based upon the basal diet to replace fish meal protein 0 (A1), 20% (A2), 40%(A3), 60%(A4), 80% (A5) and 100%(A6). The experiment lasted for 45 days. The results showed that the weight gain ratio(WGR), the specific growth ratio(SGR) and protein efficiency ratio(PER) were highest(118.08%, 1.95%/d, 207.22%, respectively ), the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was the lowest(1.27) when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 60%(P<0.05). The WGR, SGR, PER were significantly lower when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein of 100% ,while the FCR was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05).Based on quadratic regression analysis,the best replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 34.25%-45.46%.There were no significant difference in whole body moisture, crude ash and the condition factor(CF) with the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal increased, the crude protein in whole body was highest(15.53%) when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 60%. The crude protein and lipid in whole body had no significant difference when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was less than 80%(P>0.05). while the hepatopancreas somatic index(HIS) increased as soybean meal protein ratio increased, but there were no significant differences when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 0-80%(P>0.05). Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities have a certain fluctuation as soybean meal protein ratio increased,at the same time, SOD activities were highest when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 40%. Lysozyme(LSZ) activities were gradually increased when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 20%-60%(P>0.05). The aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)activities increased as soybean meal protein ratio increased, but there were no significant differences when the replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was less than 80%(P>0.05).The AST and ALT activities were significantly higher than the control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05). Results of above show that a certain percentage soybean meal protein ratio in diet could promote the growth, and improve feed protein metabolism and immunity of S. prenanti.In conclusion, the maximum replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 80% in the diets of S. prenanti, and the most suitable replacement ratio of fish meal protein by soybean meal was 34.25%-45.46%. |
| Keywords: | Schizothorax prenanti growth performance body composition serum biochemical indices |
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