| 饲料中DHA/EPA值对星斑川鲽幼鱼生长、体组成及血清生理指标的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 马晶晶,王际英,孙建珍,郝甜甜,张德瑞,张利民.饲料中DHA/EPA值对星斑川鲽幼鱼生长、体组成及血清生理指标的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(2):244-256. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马晶晶 王际英 孙建珍 郝甜甜 张德瑞 张利民 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006;山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006;山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006;上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006;上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;山东升索渔用饲料研究中心, 山东 烟台 265500;山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省优秀中青年科学家奖励基金（BS2010SW025和BS2013HZ018）；山东省水生动物营养与饲料泰山学者岗位（HYK201004）；国家海洋公益性行业专项（201205025）；海洋生物产业水生动物营养与饲料研发创新示范平台资金（201301002）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金（31201973） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究饲料DHA/EPA值对星斑川鲽幼鱼生长、体组成和血液生理指标的影响,实验配制等氮、等能的5种不同DHA/EPA值(0.64、0.97、1.18、1.59和1.91)的饲料,每个比值设3个重复,饲养周期56 d。结果显示:(1)随着饲料DHA/EPA值的升高,星斑川鲽幼鱼增重率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率均呈先上升后下降的趋势(P0.05)。当饲料DHA/EPA值为0.97~1.59时实验鱼增重最快,饲料效率最高。蛋白质效率则在DHA/EPA值为0.97~1.18时达到最高。蛋白质沉积率(protein retention efficiency,PRE)与饲料DHA/EPA值呈显著二次回归关系(y=-1.589 5x2+2.858 3x+45.184;R2=0.910 8,x=饲料DHA/EPA值,y=PRE),当饲料DHA/EPA值大于0.90时呈下降趋势。肝体比呈先下降后小幅回升的趋势(P0.05),在饲料DHA/EPA值为1.18时达到最低,为2.85%,脾脏指数呈显著上升趋势(P0.05),于饲料DHA/EPA值为1.59组最高(0.12%);(2)肝脏粗脂肪含量随饲料DHA/EPA值的增加呈明显下降趋势(P0.05),且在饲料DHA/EPA值为1.18时降到最低,为8.60%,而后又显著上升,但仍显著低于饲料DHA/EPA值为0.64时的水平(13.44%)。二次回归分析(y=5.199 6x2-15.652x+20.866;R2=0.634 8,x=饲料DHA/EPA值,y=肝脏脂肪含量)显示,当饲料中DHA/EPA值为1.51时肝脏脂肪含量最低。脂肪酸分析结果显示,随着饲料DHA/EPA值的升高,肝脏及肌肉中EPA含量均呈线性下降趋势(P0.05),而DHA含量及DHA/EPA均呈直线上升趋势(P0.05)。肝脏和肌肉组织n-3 HUFA总量不受饲料处理的影响(P0.05);(3)血清总蛋白、球蛋白含量在饲料DHA/EPA值为1.59时显著高于其他各组(P0.05),白蛋白在饲料DHA/EPA值为0.64、0.97和1.59水平最高。溶菌酶(LSZ)活性在饲料DHA/EPA值为1.18时达到峰值(P0.05),为2.76μg/mL。谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性在饲料DHA/EPA值1.91时无显著变化,而当饲料DHA/EPA1.18时,血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性提高了65%左右。研究表明,在本实验条件下,以增重率为参考指标,采用二次回归(y=-31.066x2+77.26x+76.541;R2=0.957 4,x=饲料DHA/EPA值,y=增重率)分析可得,当饲料脂肪水平为8.3%,n-3 HUFA含量为0.74%时,星斑川鲽幼鱼初始体质量(31.70±0.12)g]对DHA/EPA值的最适需要量应为1.24。
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| 关 键 词： | 星斑川鲽 DHA/EPA 生长性能 脂肪酸组成 生理指标 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/10/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013/11/28 0:00:00 |
Effect of dietary DHA to EPA ratios on growth performance, body composition and serum physiological parameters in juvenile Platichthys stellatus |
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| MA Jingjing,WANG Jiying,SUN Jianzhen,HAO Tiantian,ZHANG Derui and ZHANG Limin.Effect of dietary DHA to EPA ratios on growth performance, body composition and serum physiological parameters in juvenile Platichthys stellatus[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(2):244-256. |
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| Authors: | MA Jingjing WANG Jiying SUN Jianzhen HAO Tiantian ZHANG Derui and ZHANG Limin |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Shengsuo Fishery Feed Researhc Centre of Shandong Province, Yantai 265500, China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China |
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| Abstract: | An 8-week feeding trial was conducted in a recirculated system to study the effect of dietary DHA to EPA ratios(0.64,0.97,1.18,1.59 and 1.91),with 0.74% n-3 HUFA and 8.3% lipid in dry feed,on growth performance,body composition and blood biological parameters in juvenile starry flounder,Platichthys stellatus.The results showed that:(1)fish weight gain rate(WGR),feed efficiency(FE),as well as protein efficiency ratio(PER)increased and then decreased with higher DHA/EPA values(P<0.05).Quadratic regression(y=-1.589 5x2+2.858 3x+45.184;R2 =0.910 8,x=dietary DHA/EPA ratios,y=PRE)showed PRE decreases significantly beyond the DHA/EPA ratio of 0.90.Spleensomatic index(SSI)was enhanced by dietary DHA/EPA ratios and showed highest values of 0.12% in DHA/EPA ratio of 1.59,whereas hepatosomatic index(HSI)was decreased and then increased by dietary DHA/EPA ratios(P<0.05),with the lowest value being in DHA/EPA ratio of 1.18(2.85%).(2)Liver lipid was obviously decreased(from 13.44% to 8.60%)by dietary DHA/EPA ratios lower than 1.18,and then increased slightly.Quadratic analysis(y=5.199 6x2-15.652x+20.866;R2=0.634 8,x=dietary DHA/EPA ratios,y=liver lipid content)suggests the optimum DHA/EPA ratio is 1.51 based on liver lipid deposition.Liver and muscle EPA contents were reduced linearly,however,DHA contents as well as DHA/EPA ratios were elevated linearly by dietary DHA/EPA ratios.Exclusively,total content of n-3 HUFA in both tissues were unaffected by dietary treatments.(3)Among all serum physiological parameters,both total protein and globulin showed their highest values at the DHA/EPA ratio of 1.59,while fish fed diets with DHA/EPA ratios of 0.64,0.97 and 1.59 presented higher albumin content.Lysozyme(LSZ)reached the top in fish fed diet with dietary DHA/EPA ratio of 1.18.Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)remained unchanged when the dietary DHA/EPA ratios were lower than 1.91,while dietary DHA/EPA ratios higher than 1.18 increased the aspertate aminotransferase(AST)activities by about 65%(P<0.05).In conclusion,under the present experimental conditions,based on fish weight gain rate(WGR),quadratic regression analysis(y=-31.066x2+77.26x+76.541;R2=0.957 4,x=dietary DHA/EPA ratios,y=weight gain rate)shows that the optimum DHA/EPA ratio for juvenile starry flounderinitial body weight,(31.70±0.12)g]is 1.24. |
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| Keywords: | Platichthys stellatus DHA/EPA growth performance fatty acid profile serum physiological parameters |
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