| 国内外混交林研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 李婷婷,吴水荣,王林龙,吕馥龄,兰再平.国内外混交林研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2022,35(5):42-48. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李婷婷 吴水荣 王林龙 吕馥龄 兰再平 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所, 北京 100091 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“绿水青山就是金山银山有效实现途径研究”（CAFYBB2020MC002） |
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| 摘 要： | 在应对气候变化与实现碳中和目标以及社会发展对森林生态系统要求更加多样化的时代背景下，混交林的重要性在世界各国已达成共识。通常认为，相对于纯林，混交林能够增加生物多样性、提高生产力、增加碳储量，具有更高的生态韧性（抵抗力与恢复力）。但混交林是否必然优于纯林，且混交林与生物多样性、生产力、碳汇、生态韧性以及混交效应的关系一直是国内外学者探讨与研究的问题。混交林绝不是简单的树种组合与排列，其结构与生态过程相对复杂。文中通过文献梳理，总结分析混交林与生物多样性、生产力、碳储量、生态韧性以及混交林经营管理5个方面的国内外研究成果，发现关于混交林与生态功能和生产力的关系研究结果多样，总的结论是，若要得到混交林的积极效应，不能单纯增加树种多样性，更重要的是要考虑树种特性、生态互补、林分结构以及立地和环境的影响。我国混交林研究主要是通过造林实验对比分析生长效果，选择较优混交造林技术。文中最后提出我国混交林研究发展建议，旨在促进对混交林的科学和全面认识。
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| 关 键 词： | 混交林 生物多样性 生产力 碳储量 生态韧性 森林经营管理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-04-15 |
Progress in National and International Research on Mixed Forest |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China2.Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China |
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| Abstract: | In the context of international effort to combat climate change and achieve carbon neutrality and more diverse needs over forest ecosystem owing to social development, the international community has reached the consensus on the importance of mixed forests. It is generally held that, compared to pure forest, mixed forests can increase biodiversity, productivity and carbon storage, and have higher ecological resilience. But whether mixed forest is necessarily better than pure forest and how mixed forest affects biodiversity, productivity, carbon sequestration and ecological resilience have been discussed and researched at home and abroad. Mixed forest is not a simple combination of tree species, its structure and ecological process are relatively complex. Based on literature research, this paper retrospectively analyzes and summarizes the national and international research results in the impacts of mixed forests on biodiversity, productivity, carbon storage, and ecological resilience as well as mixed forest management, and finds that there are diverse research results in the relationship between mixed forests and productivity/ecological function. It concludes that it should not simply increase the diversity of tree species, and more consideration will be instead given to the tree species characteristics, ecological complementarity, stand structure, impact of site conditions and environmental, so as to achieve the positive effects of mixed forests. The research on mixed forest in China is more focused on the selection of optimal afforestation technology through the comparative analysis of the growth effects based on afforestation experiments. At the end, the suggestions are put forward for the future research on mixed forest in China, aiming to promote the scientific and comprehensive understanding on mixed forests. |
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