| 南亚热带杉木人工林材种结构长期立地与密度效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭光智,段爱国,张建国,廖树寿.南亚热带杉木人工林材种结构长期立地与密度效应[J].林业科学研究,2020,33(1):35-43. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭光智 段爱国 张建国 廖树寿 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,北京,100091;潍坊市林业局,山东潍坊,261041;南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京,210037;中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥,532600 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十三五”重点研发计划课题“杉木速生材高效培育技术研究”(2016YFD0600302);国家“十二五”科技计划课题“杉木速生丰产林定向培育技术研究”(2015EAD09B0101);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31570619)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]揭示南亚热带杉木人工林材种发育的长期立地和密度动态效应规律。方法]以广西大青山A(1667株·hm^-2)、B(3333株·hm^-2)、C(5000株·hm^-2)、D(6667株·hm^-2)、E(10000株·hm^-2株)5种初植密度、36 a生杉木(Ctmninghamia lanceolata)密度试验林为研究对象,分析密度和立地影响下材种株数与材种材积分布的动态变化规律。结果]杉木林分小径材株数和材积比率在初期随林龄增长而递增,达峰值后随林龄增长而减少,初植密度越小、立地指数级越高,减少速度越快;中、大径材株数和材积比率随林龄增长而增加,初植密度越小、立地指数级越高,增速越快。18立地指数级D及以下密度林分28 a生前中径材材积比例约50%;36 a生时A密度林分大径材材积比例约50%。16立地指数级中低初植密度林分中径材材积比例均超过45%,且以C密度林分最高、约48%;36 a生时A密度林分大径材材积比例超过26%。14立地指数级,A密度林分中径材材积比例24 a生时达44%,A、B、D密度林分小径材材积分别于12、18、24 a生时达83%、76%、69%o 10立地指数级C、E密度林分36 a生时小径材材积比例分别达71%、61%。结论]杉木林材种形成与立地、密度和林龄关系密切,立地质量具决定性作用,而培育高规格材种时初植密度亦可成为关键限制因素。初植密度越低、立地指数越高,越利于中、大径材形成。在杉木南带产区,10指数级立地短周期经营时只适宜培育小径材及小条木。14指数级立地适宜培育中、小径材,若以中径材为第一培育材种时初植密度宜低。16指数级立地适宜培育中径材,长周期经营时也可培育大径材,但初植密度不宜超1667株·hm^-2。18指数级立地中径材生产潜力很大,但更宜培育大径材,且初植密度宜控制在A密度,轮伐期不宜低于36 a。
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| 关 键 词： | 杉木 材种结构 密度效应 立地效应 南亚热带 |
Long-term Effects of Site and Density on Timber Assortment Structure of Chinese Fir Plantations in South Subtropical Area,China |
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| GUO Guang-zhi,DUAN Ai-guo,ZHANG Jian-guo,LIAO Shu-shou.Long-term Effects of Site and Density on Timber Assortment Structure of Chinese Fir Plantations in South Subtropical Area,China[J].Forest Research,2020,33(1):35-43. |
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| Authors: | GUO Guang-zhi DUAN Ai-guo ZHANG Jian-guo LIAO Shu-shou |
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| Affiliation: | (Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Beijing 100091,China;The Southern Modem Forestry Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;Forestry Bureau of Weifang,Weifang 261041,Shandong,China;Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Pingxiang 532600,Guangxi,China) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]To reveal the long-term effects of site and planting density on stand timber assortment structure of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantations in south subtropical area,China.Method]Based on positioning observation data of 36-years-old Chinese fir plantations at fbur site index classes in Daqingshan,Guangxi,including five planting densities of A(1667 trees·hm^-2),B(3333 trees·hm^-2),C(5000 trees·hm^-2),D(6667 trees·hm^-2),and E(10000 trees·hm^-2),the dynamic changes of stand timber assortment structure were analyzed.Result]The number of trees and volume proportions of small diameter wood(SW)increased with age at the beginning,and decreased with age after the peak points.The lower the planting density and the higher the site index were,the faster the decline became.The number of trees and volume proportions of medium and large diameter wood increased with age.The lower the planting density and the higher the site index were,the faster the proportions increased.The volume proportion of stand medium diameter wood(MW)at density D or below and 18-site-index class was about 50%at the age of 2&The volume proportion of stand large diameter timber(LT)at density A and 18-site-index class was about 50%at the age of 36.At 16-site-index class,the ratio of stand MW volume at middle and low planting density was over 45%,and the ratio of density C stand was about 48%which was the highest,and the volume proportion of LT at density A stand was over 26%at the age of 36.At 14-site-index class,the volume proportion of MW at density A stand was 44%at the age of 24,the volume proportion of SW of density A,B,and D was 83%,76%and 69%at the age of 12,18 and 24,respectively.At 10-site-index class,the volume proportion of SW at density C and E stand was 71%and 61%at the age of 36,respectively?Conclusion]The timber assortment formation of Chinese fir plantation is closely related to site,density and age,the site quality plays a decisive role,while the planting density can also be a key limiting factor in cultivating high specification timber assortments.Lower initial planting density and higher site index are more conducive to the formation of MW and LT.In south subtropical area of China,the site of 10-indexclass is to be fit only for cultivating SW and small bar timber.The site of 14-index-class is suitable for cultivating MW and SW?If MW is taken as the first target,the planting density should be low.The site of 16-index-class is suitable for cultivating MW,LT can also be cultivated if the period is long enough,but the planting density should not exceed 1667 trees per hectare.The site of 18-index-class has great production potential of MW,cultivating LT is a better choice,but the planting density should be controlled at density A,rotation period should not be less than 36 years. |
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| Keywords: | Cunninghamia lanceolata^timber assortment structure density effect site effect south subtropics |
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