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盐度对脊尾白虾存活、生长和蜕壳的影响
引用本文:龙晓文,吴旭干,刘智俊,李嘉尧,于智勇,汤臣栋,马强,成永旭.盐度对脊尾白虾存活、生长和蜕壳的影响[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(23):111-115.
作者姓名:龙晓文  吴旭干  刘智俊  李嘉尧  于智勇  汤臣栋  马强  成永旭
作者单位:1. 上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海,201306
2. 上海市崇明东滩鸟类自然保护区管理处,上海,202183
3. 上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306;上海海洋大学上海高校知识服务平台水产动物遗传育种中心,上海201306
基金项目:上海市科学技术委员会项目,国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项
摘    要:研究了盐度突变对脊尾白虾成活的影响,以及水体盐度(0、6‰、12‰、18‰)对单个体养殖条件下脊尾白虾生长、成活和蜕壳的影响.结果表明:(1)盐度由6‰到0的突变组,脊尾白虾的成活率最低,96 h成活率仅为6.67%;而盐度由6‰至12‰、18‰的突变组,96 h的成活率均在93%以上.(2)单个体养殖试验结果表明,随着水体盐度提高(盐度0~12‰条件下),脊尾白虾最终体长、总体长增长率和成活率均有增加趋势;盐度超过12‰时,总体长增长率显著下降,但成活率变化不大.(3)盐度对脊尾白虾的蜕壳周期有一定影响,盐度12‰组虾的第1次、第5次、第8次和第9次蜕壳周期最长;整体上,盐度12‰组平均蜕壳周期最长(9.57 d),盐度0组平均蜕壳周期相对较短(8.47 d).因此,脊尾白虾对盐度低于6‰的水体适应性较差,盐度12‰有利于提高该虾的生长速度和成活率.

关 键 词:脊尾白虾  盐度  急性突变  生长  成活  蜕壳

Effects of salinity on survival, growth and molt of Exopalaemon carinicauda
Abstract:This study firtly investigated the effect of salinity shock on survival of Exopalaemon carinicauda, and then examined the effects of different salinities (0, 6%, 12% and 18%) on growth, survival and molt of E. carinicauda by individual culture. The results showed that, (1) When salinity dropped from 6% to 0, the survival rate of E. carinicauda was the lowest, 96 h survival rate was only 6.67%. While when salinity was from 6% to 12%or 18%, 96 h survival rates were above 93%. (2) The results of individual breeding experiment showed that, under the salinity of 0-12%, final body length, body length growth rate(GR) and survival rate of E. carinicauda increased with the salinity increasing; when the salinity exceeded 12%, the GR decreased significantly, but the survival rate had no significant change. (3) Salinity had a certain of effect on the molting cycle of E. carinicauda, and the shrimps from salinity 12% treatment had the longest molting cycle during the first, fifth, eighth and ninth molting. In generally, the shrimps from salinity 12% had the longest molting cycle (9.57 days), while shrimps from salinity 0 treatment had the shortest one (8.47 days). Therefore, E. carinicauda has poor adaptability with the water salinity of less than 6%;and salinity 12% is the optimal level for the growth and survival of E. carinicauda.
Keywords:Exopalaemon carinicauda  salinity  abrupt change  growth  survival  molt
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