| 烟草黑胫病菌的寄主范围 |
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| 引用本文： | 马国胜,高智谋,曹舜.烟草黑胫病菌的寄主范围[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(5):867-876. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马国胜 高智谋 曹舜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.安徽农业大学植物保护学院，合肥 230036;
2.苏州农业职业技术学院生态环境系，江苏苏州 215008 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(3-20);教育部环保教指委研究项目(环保教2009-05-20103);苏州农业职业技术学院自然科学研究项目(2008-09,2008-03) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探究烟草黑胫病菌（Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae）的寄主范围，为烟草黑胫病菌的相关研究提供理论依据，为烟草黑胫病菌所致病害的综合防治提供决策依据。【方法】人工模拟烟草黑胫病菌在田间的侵染途径，采用菌丝块创伤和不创伤接种61种农作物及杂草的活体或离体组织，结合柯赫氏法则鉴定，对烟草黑胫病菌的寄主范围进行较为系统的大样本研究。【结果】烟草黑胫病菌在人工创伤条件下可侵染21科41属51种植物，在不创伤条件下可侵染10科15属16种植物，首次发现烟草黑胫病菌在人工创伤接种条件下可以侵染21科40属47种植物，在人工不创伤接种条件下可以侵染10科12属12种植物。【结论】烟草黑胫病菌在人工模拟条件下的寄主范围较为广泛，其中包括一些常见农作物和烟田常见杂草，当这些植物在有利于病害发生的高温阴雨潮湿气候条件下，在田间农事活动中受到机械创伤或遭受虫伤甚至没有损伤时，烟草黑胫病菌可能会对这些植物造成侵染，生产中应注意避免烟草同潜在寄主作物间作或连作。及时防除烟田杂草对烟草黑胫病菌所致病害的有效治理具有积极意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 烟草黑胫病菌 人工接种 寄主范围 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011-06-07 |
The Host Range of Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae |
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| MA Guo-sheng
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GAO Zhi-mou
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CAO Shun.The Host Range of Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(5):867-876. |
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| Authors: | MA Guo-sheng GAO Zhi-mou CAO Shun |
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| Affiliation: | 1(1School of Plant Protection,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;2Department of Eco-Environment,Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture,Suzhou 215008,Jiangsu) |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The objective of this study is to explore the host range of Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for related researches in P.parasitica var.nicotianae,and to provide a decision-making basis for integrated control of tobacco blank shank and other diseases caused by P.parasitica var.nicotianae.【Method】The host range of P.parasitica var.nicotianae was systematically studied with big samples through inoculating 61 kinds of crops and weeds with the methods of mycelium dish wounded and unwounded inoculation under the condition of manual simulation of the infection approaches in tobacco field,and then the lesions were identified through Koch’s postulates.【Result】The pathogenic microorganism could infect 51 kinds of plants from 41 genera in 21 families under the wounded condition,and could infect 16 kinds of plants from 15 genera in 10 families in unwounded inoculating condition.It was discovered for the first time that P.parasitica var.nicotianae could infect 47 kinds of plants from 40 genera in 21 families by the artificial wounded inoculation,and could infect 12 kinds of plants from 12 genera in 10 families under the condition of mycelium block unwounded inoculation.【Conclusion】 The host range of P.parasitica var.nicotianae is wide,some of the hosts are common crops and familiar weeds in tobacco field.These plants might be infected under the conditions that are wounded during farming or by insects,or even unwounded in high temperature and high humidity in the field.Tobacco could not be rotated or intercropped with these crops.Moreover,it might be positive for the integrated management of tobacco blank shank and other diseases caused by P.parasitica var.nicotianae to control these weeds in field in time. |
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| Keywords: | Phytophthora parasitica var nicotianae artificial inoculation host range |
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