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不同氮吸收效率玉米品种的根系构型差异比较:模拟与应用
引用本文:彭云峰,张吴平,李春俭.不同氮吸收效率玉米品种的根系构型差异比较:模拟与应用[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(3):843-853.
作者姓名:彭云峰  张吴平  李春俭
作者单位:1. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院/农业部植物营养学重点开放实验室,北京,100193
2. 山西农业大学动物科技学院,山西,太谷,030801
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划,国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划) 
摘    要: 【目的】研究玉米根系构型及其在土壤中的空间分布与氮吸收效率的关系,并通过根系功能-结构模型将根系构型可视化。【方法】以玉米自交系氮高效478与氮低效Wu312为材料,在田间试验的基础上,通过对种子根和不同轮次节根扫描,并以实测根长结果为参数,在改进的根系功能-结构模型的基础上对根系形态进行模拟。【结果】氮高效自交系478的种子根和每一轮节根长度、根系形态,以及根系在土壤空间中的分布都优于氮低效自交系Wu312。从模拟的角度可以看出,478根系具有较大的生长速率和分支密度。对不同轮次节根的发生、生长和衰老规律研究表明,第1~3层节根仅占总根长的很小部分,其根长分别在播种后35、57和76 d左右达到最大值,随后开始衰老;第4层以后的节根发生时间集中,与植株进入快速生长期、吸氮速率迅速增加密切相关。第4层以后节根的根长均在播种后93 d左右达到最大值,随后开始迅速衰老。【结论】玉米根系形态及其在土壤中的时空分布差异是造成氮素吸收效率差异的重要因素。以根系长度为参数,可以利用根系功能-结构模型实现不同生长发育阶段的玉米根系构型差异的可视化。

关 键 词:玉米  氮效率  根系形态  根系空间分布  根系模拟
收稿时间:2008-4-21

Relationship Between Nitrogen Efficiency and Root Architecture of Maize Plants: Simulation and Application
PENG Yun-feng,ZHANG Wu-ping,LI Chun-jian.Relationship Between Nitrogen Efficiency and Root Architecture of Maize Plants: Simulation and Application[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2009,42(3):843-853.
Authors:PENG Yun-feng  ZHANG Wu-ping  LI Chun-jian
Affiliation:College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture
Abstract:【Objective】 The relationship between root morphology and its spatial distribution in the soil and nitrogen acquisition efficiency was studied. The visualization of root architecture was attempted by using root functional-structural model. 【Method】 A field experiment was conducted with two maize inbred lines, N-efficient 478 and N-inefficient Wu312. The lengths of embryonic and different whorls of node roots harvested at different developmental stages were scanned, and used as parameters to simulate root architecture based on the modified root functional-structural model. 【Result】 478 had a longer root lengths of embryonic and node roots, better root spatial distribution in the soil than that of Wu312. The roots of 478 had larger growth rate and higher branching density than those of Wu312 in terms of simulation. The root length of the embryonic roots and the early initiated three whorls of nodal roots, which represented a small portion of total root length, declined rapidly after reaching their highest values before silking. The shoot-born roots from the higher nodes initiated predominantly, which was synchronized closely with shoot development and demand for nutrients, reached their maximal lengths at 93 d after sowing and then declined. 【Conclusion】 The differences in root length and its spatial distribution in the soil play an important role in nitrogen acquisition efficiency between maize genotypes. The root architectures of both maize inbred lines at different developmental stages could be visualized by using root functional-structural model.
Keywords:maize (Zea mays L    N-efficiency  root architecture  root spatial distribution in the soil  visualization of root architecture
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