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地膜覆盖导致春小麦产量下降的机理
引用本文:李凤民,鄢王旬,王俊,李世清,王同朝.地膜覆盖导致春小麦产量下降的机理[J].中国农业科学,2001,34(3):330-333.
作者姓名:李凤民  鄢王旬  王俊  李世清  王同朝
作者单位:李凤民(兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室,兰州 730000)       鄢王旬(兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室,兰州 730000)       王俊(兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室,兰州 730000)       李世清(兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室,兰州 730000)       王同朝(兰州大学干旱农业生态国家重点实验室,兰州 730000)
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(G2000018603)
摘    要: 通过对地膜覆盖导致减产进行分析表明,施P处理的产量和水分利用效率最高。覆膜处理显著增加了根系生长,开花和灌浆期根系主要向下分布,但吸水量并没有按比例增加,导致同化产物的浪费。地上部分干物质量在播种70d之后不再增加,且繁殖器官发育不良。在本试验条件下,播前土壤底墒较好,地膜覆盖由于改善了地表水温条件,前期大量利用土壤水分,且后期降水不足,中下部丰富的根系不能发挥作用,导致产量下降。对照、耕作层施磷、覆膜、耕作层施磷加地膜覆盖 4个处理的产量分别为 2516.5,2734.1,1269.4和 1625.1kg/ha。

关 键 词:地膜覆盖  产量  干旱胁迫  春小麦  半干旱地区
文章编号:0578-1752(2001)03-0330-04
修稿时间:1999年8月24日

The Mechanism of Yield Decrease of Spring Wheat Resulted from Plastic Film Mulching
LI Feng-min,YAN Xun,WANG Jun,LI Shi-qing,WANG Tong-chao.The Mechanism of Yield Decrease of Spring Wheat Resulted from Plastic Film Mulching[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2001,34(3):330-333.
Authors:LI Feng-min  YAN Xun  WANG Jun  LI Shi-qing  WANG Tong-chao
Abstract:Field experiments were carried out to study the mechanism of yield decrease of spring wheat resulted from plastic film mulching. Four treatments were employed: CK was a control; P was just applied phosphorous fertilizer in plough layer of field; M was mulched with plastic film during the period of 0'-62 days after sowing; PM was P plus M . Both the film mulching treatments promoted significantly the growth of root system, and more root biomass was distributed in deep soil layer at anthesis and grain filling period. The water absorbed from soil profile, however, was not increased as the same proportion, which resulted in the waste of the root biomass in deep soil. Shoot biomass of the plants mulched with film did not increase after 70 days after sowing, and the reproductive organs did not also developed well. In the experiment, soil moisture before sowing was sufficient for shoot emergence. Film mulching promoted water use from soil profile in the early period of growth, and there was no sufficient rainfall after that period to support the growth of plants, which resulted in the soil drying. The yields of the CK, P, M, PM treatments were 2516.5, 2734. 1, 1269.4 and 1625. 1 kg/ha, respectively.
Keywords:Plastic film mulching  Yield  Drought stress  Spring wheat  Semiarid area
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