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秸秆还田对宁南半干旱地区土壤团聚体特征的影响
引用本文:张鹏,贾志宽,王维,路文涛,高飞,聂俊峰.秸秆还田对宁南半干旱地区土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(8):1513-1520.
作者姓名:张鹏  贾志宽  王维  路文涛  高飞  聂俊峰
作者单位:1.西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌 712100; 2.农业部旱地作物生产与生态重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌 712100
基金项目:“十一五”国家科技支撑计划
摘    要:【目的】探明秸秆还田对土壤团聚体的影响,为宁南半干旱区作物生产及土壤培肥制度的建立提供参考。【方法】本研究通过4年秸秆还田定位试验,设置了不同秸秆粉碎还田量处理:谷子秸秆还田量为3 000 kg?hm-2 (低,L)、6 000 kg?hm-2 (中,M)、9 000 kg?hm-2 (高,H),玉米秸秆还田量为4 500 kg?hm-2 (低,L)、9 000 kg?hm-2 (中,M)、13 500 kg?hm-2 (高,H),对照为秸秆不还田。对不同处理条件下干筛和湿筛下各团聚体指标进行分析。【结果】各秸秆还田处理干筛下0—40 cm土层>0.25 mm团聚体含量(DR0.25)、平均重量直径(mean weight diameter,DMWD)和几何平均直径(geometric mean diameter,DGMD)均显著高于CK处理,各还田处理的分形维数均显著低于CK;湿筛法分析表明,供试土壤中团聚体以机械稳定性团聚体为主,随秸秆还田量的增加,0—40 cm土层水稳性团聚体的平均重量直径(WMWD)、几何平均直径(WGMD)和分形维数的顺序均为:H,M处理>L处理>CK;各处理土壤团聚体破坏率(PAD)和不稳定团粒指数(ELT)在0—40 cm土层内均表现出近似“Z”字形趋势,且CK显著高于各还田处理(P<0.05)。【结论】在宁南半干旱区采用秸秆还田对提高土壤团聚体含量具有明显作用。

关 键 词:秸秆还田  土壤团聚体  宁南半干旱区
收稿时间:2011-07-04

Effects of Straw Returning on Characteristics of Soil Aggregates in Semi-arid Areas in Southern Ningxia of China
ZHANG Peng , JIA Zhi-kuan , WANG Wei , LU Wen-tao , GAO Fei , NEI Jun-feng.Effects of Straw Returning on Characteristics of Soil Aggregates in Semi-arid Areas in Southern Ningxia of China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(8):1513-1520.
Authors:ZHANG Peng  JIA Zhi-kuan  WANG Wei  LU Wen-tao  GAO Fei  NEI Jun-feng
Affiliation:ZHANG Peng1,2,JIA Zhi-kuan1,2,WANG Wei1,2,LU Wen-tao1,2,GAO Fei1,2,NEI Jun-feng1,2 (1The Chinese Institute of Water-saving Agriculture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi;2 Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Ecology,Minister of Agriculture,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi)
Abstract:【Objective】 A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of straw returning systems on soil aggregate of millet or corn under different straw returning supplies.in order to provide a theoretical basis for establishment of a fertilization system and crop management for semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia.【Method】The effects of straw returning,taking no straw returning as the control,on soil aggregate indexes by dry and wet sieving under different straw returning treatments(3 000 kg·hm-2(L),6 000 kg·hm-2(M) and 9 000 kg·hm-2(H) of millet straw and 4 500 kg·hm-2(L),9 000 kg·hm-2(M) and 13 500 kg·hm-2(H) of corn straw) were studied for four years(2007-2010).【Result】After the millet harvest(2010),dry sieving results showed that DR0.25,DMWD and DGMD of straw returning treatments higher than CK,the fractal dimension lower than CK in 0-40 cm soil layer,significantly.Wet sieving results showed that straw returning treatments had different effects on the WGMD,WMWD and fractal dimension of 0-40 cm soil layer,which followed the order from high to low: H,M>L>CK.There is a ’Z’ tendency of PAD and ELT in 0-40 cm soil layer for each treatment,and CK is significantly higher than straw returning treatments(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 The content of soil aggregates could be improved efficiently by using straw returning technology in semi-arid areas of Southern Ningxia.
Keywords:straw returning  soil aggregate  semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia
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