| 杂交棉干物质积累与养分吸收分配特点 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘涛,褚贵新,魏亦农,梁永超,李志博.杂交棉干物质积累与养分吸收分配特点[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(6):1117-1124. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘涛 褚贵新 魏亦农 梁永超 李志博 |
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| 作者单位： | (石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室); |
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| 基金项目： | 石河子大学高层次人才科研启动资金专项，国家自然科学基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究杂交棉干物质积累与养分吸收及分配特点,为结合棉花生育特性制定高产施肥措施提供理论依据。【方法】以杂交棉标杂A1、新陆早43号为试验材料,常规棉新陆早13号为对照,单因素随机区组设计大田试验,结合室内常规分析方法测定植株干物质和氮、磷、钾含量。【结果】标杂A1和新陆早43号在整个生育期内植株干物质积累量较对照品种新陆早13号高20.6%、15.5%,吸氮量高16.1%、10.5%,吸磷量高16.4%、11.4%,吸钾量高21.0%、18.5%;蕾、花、铃的干物质积累量较对照高20.7%、15.4%,吸氮量高16.9%、10.7%,吸磷量高18.1%、11.5%,吸钾量高20.7%、18.3%。2个杂交棉品种干物质和养分在叶片中的分配全生育期一直高于对照,在茎中的分配前中期高于对照,在蕾、花、铃中的分配在后期高于对照。生育后期杂交棉茎、叶的养分吸收速率低于对照,蕾、花、铃则高于对照。【结论】2个杂交棉品种的干物质积累和养分吸收量均大于常规棉且差异显著。本试验条件下,标杂A1和新陆早43号在生育期内氮吸收量为302.7和288.1 kg•hm-2,磷吸收量(P2O5)为138.2和132.3 kg•hm-2,钾吸收量(K2O)为459.2和449.7 kg•hm-2。
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| 关 键 词： | 杂交棉 干物质 氮 磷 钾 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-06-30; |
Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulation, Nutrients Uptake and Distribution in Hybrid Cotton |
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| LIU tao,CHU Gui-xin,WEI Yi-nong,LIANG Yong-chao,LI Zhi-bo.Characteristics of Dry Matter Accumulation, Nutrients Uptake and Distribution in Hybrid Cotton[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2011,44(6):1117-1124. |
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| Authors: | LIU tao CHU Gui-xin WEI Yi-nong LIANG Yong-chao LI Zhi-bo |
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| Affiliation: | LIU tao1,CHU Gui-xin1,WEI Yi-nong1,LIANG Yong-chao1,2,LI Zhi-bo1(1College of Agronomy,Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization,Beijing 100081) |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 Dry matter accumulation and nutrients uptake were characterized in hybrid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars, which provided theoretical basis in making measures for high yield fertilization according to cotton growth and development characteristics.【Method】 Biaoza A1 and Xinluzao 43, with the conventional cultivar Xinluzao 13 as control, randomized block design was made under field conditions and routine analysis of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was done at laboratory.【Result】The quantities of dry matter accumulated and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptake by the two hybrid cultivars (Biaoza A1 and Xinluzao 43) were increased by 20.6% and 15.5%, 16.1% and 10.5%, 16.4% and 11.4%, 21.0% and 18.5%, respectively, as compared with the control. The amounts of dry matter accumulated and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptake by buds, flowers and bolls of the two hybrid cultivars were increased by 20.7% and 15.4%,16.9% and 10.7%, 18.1% and 11.5%, 20.7% and 18.3%, respectively, compared with the control. Higher amounts of dry matter and nutrients were consistently distributed in the leaves of hybrid cultivars, and were also recorded in the stems at the first and middle periods, and in the buds, flowers and bolls at the late stages as compared with the conventional cultivar (control). In the late growing period the nutrients uptake rate in stems and leaves of hybrid cultivars was lower than the conventional cotton cultivar, but the nutrients uptake rate in buds, flowers and bolls was higher in hybrid cotton than in the conventional cotton. 【Conclusion】 The amounts of dry matter accumulation and nutrients uptake in the two hybrid varieties used were significantly higher than those in the conventional variety. The whole uptake of N, P2O5 and K2O in Biaoza A1 and Xinluzao 43 were 302.7 and 288.1 kg•hm-2, 138.2 and 132.3 kg•hm-2, and 459.2 and 449.7 kg•hm-2, respectively. |
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| Keywords: | hybrid cotton dry matter nitrogen phosphorus potassium |
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