| 小麦抗条锈病基因对中国条锈菌主要流行小种的抗性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡朝月,王凤涛,郎晓威,冯晶,李俊凯,蔺瑞明,姚小波.小麦抗条锈病基因对中国条锈菌主要流行小种的抗性分析[J].中国农业科学,2022,55(3):491-502. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡朝月 王凤涛 郎晓威 冯晶 李俊凯 蔺瑞明 姚小波 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 长江大学农学院,湖北荆州 4340252 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京 1001933 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,拉萨 850032 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目（31871949,31871923）；;国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0200500）； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 培育和广泛应用抗病小麦品种是防治条锈病最经济有效和环境友好的措施。由于条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici,Pst）群体中毒性变异频繁,发生新生理小种常导致主栽品种抗病性‘丧失’,引发条锈病大规模流行,严重威胁我国主粮安全供给。本研究通过监测和评价已知抗条锈病基因对我国目前主要条锈菌生理小种的抗性情况及变化,为抗条锈病基因的合理应用提供依据。方法 在温室内,分别用小麦条锈菌强毒性流行生理小种CYR32、CYR33、CYR34和弱毒性生理小种CYR17对103份抗条锈病基因载体品系接种,鉴定苗期抗病性;在条锈病常发区域四川郫都区和甘肃清水县设置鉴定圃,田间人工接种条锈菌CYR32、CYR33和CYR34小种的混合菌株,在湖北襄阳鉴定圃自然接种气传菌源,鉴定抗病基因载体品系的成株抗病性。按照0—4级侵染型分级标准调查抗病基因载体品系苗期和成株期抗条锈病表型级别。 结果 在86份全生育期抗病基因载体品系中,仅含有Yr5、Yr15和Yr45的载体品系全生育期高抗生理小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34,其他品系苗期均‘丧失’了对条锈菌3个高毒性小种的抗病性,但其中30个品系如CN19（Yr41）、AUS 28183（Yr47）和CH223（Yr50）保留了成株期对条锈病的抗性。在14份成株抗性类型的载体品系中,Yeoman（Yr13）、RL 6077（Yr46）、PI 183527（Yr52）、Louise（Qyrlo.Wpg-2BS）、RIL 65（Yr36）、PI 178759（Yr59）和PI 192252（Yr62）中抗至高抗条锈病;成株期具有2个（S112）或3个（S113）温敏微效基因载体品系中抗条锈病,而仅含一个微效基因的载体品系S111中感条锈病。结论 在所鉴定的具有单个或多个全生育期抗条锈病基因的品系中,仅有Yr5、Yr15和Yr45对当前主要流行小种具有全生育期抗性,但其中34.9%全生育期抗性类型品系仍保留了成株期抗锈性;小麦成株抗条锈病基因和全生育期抗病基因组合能提供较稳定持久的抗锈性。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦条锈病 条锈菌 全生育期抗性 成株抗性 持久抗病性 温敏微效基因 抗病基因组合 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-22 |
Resistance Analyses on Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance Genes to the Predominant Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in China |
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| HU ChaoYue,WANG FengTao,LANG XiaoWei,FENG Jing,LI JunKai,LIN RuiMing,YAO XiaoBo.Resistance Analyses on Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance Genes to the Predominant Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2022,55(3):491-502. |
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| Authors: | HU ChaoYue WANG FengTao LANG XiaoWei FENG Jing LI JunKai LIN RuiMing YAO XiaoBo |
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| Affiliation: | 1 College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei2 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 1001933 Agricultural Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032 |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 Breeding and widely using resistant wheat varieties is the most economical, effective and environmental- friendly strategy to control stripe rust. Due to the frequent occurrence of virulence variation in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) populations, the occurrences of new physiological races of Pst usually led to the resistant major varieties of becoming susceptible and stripe rust outbreaks on large scale, which severely threaten the security of staple food supply in China. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the types of resistance genes to stripe rust, timely and accurately monitor and evaluate the effectiveness and changes of known stripe rust resistance genes to the main Pst physiological races in China. The results achieved in this study will be the basis for the rational application of stripe rust resistance genes.【Method】 At the seedling stage, 103 wheat lines with stripe rust resistance genes were evaluated by inoculating with highly virulent stripe rust physiological races CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34 and a low virulent physiological race CYR17 respectively in greenhouse. On the other side, their adult-plant resistance was evaluated either in the disease nursery fields set at Pidu District, Sichuan and Qingshui, Gansu by artificially inoculating with the mixture of races of CYR32, CYR33, CYR34 in nursery plots, or in the disease nursery plots at Xiangyang, Hubei by natural infection with the air-born Pst inocula. The resistance levels of wheat lines at the seedling and adult-plant stages were evaluated using a 0-to-4 rating scale for infection responses.【Result】 Among the 86 wheat lines with all-stage resistance genes, only these lines with Yr5, Yr15 and Yr45 were highly resistant to all the races of CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34 both at seedling and adult-plant stages, while the others ‘lost’ their disease resistance to the three Pst races. However, 30 of the all-stage resistant lines, such as CN19 (Yr41), AUS 28183 (Yr47) and CH223 (Yr50), remained stripe rust resistance at the adult-plant stage. Among the 14 lines with adult-plant resistance genes, Yeoman (Yr13), RL 6077 (Yr46), PI 183527 (Yr52), Louise (Qyrlo.Wpg-2BS), RIL 65 (Yr36), PI 178759 (Yr59) and PI 192252 (Yr62) remained moderately to highly resistant to stripe rust. Among the 3 lines with temperature-sensitive minor gene (s), S112 with two minor genes and S113 with three minor genes were moderately resistant to stripe rust at the adult-plant stage, while S111 with one minor gene was moderately susceptible.【Conclusion】 Among the tested lines with a single or multiple all-stage resistance gene (s) to stripe rust, only Yr5, Yr15 and Yr45 were found to be resistant to all of the present predominant races in all development stages, but 34.9% of them also preserved adult-plant resistance. The wheat adult-plant resistance genes and all-stage resistance genes combinations may provide more stable and durable resistance to stripe rust. |
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| Keywords: | wheat stripe rust Puccinia striiformis f sp tritici (Pst) all-stage resistance adult-plant resistance durable resistance temperature-sensitive minor gene resistance gene combination |
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