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小麦-十倍体长穗偃麦草广谱抗锈易位系的鉴定及分析
引用本文:郝薇薇,汤才国,李葆春,郝晨阳,张学勇.小麦-十倍体长穗偃麦草广谱抗锈易位系的鉴定及分析[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(16):3240-3248.
作者姓名:郝薇薇  汤才国  李葆春  郝晨阳  张学勇
作者单位:1.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程/农业部作物基因资源与种质创制重点开放实验室,北京 100081; 2.南京农业大学农学院,南京 210095;3甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州 730000
摘    要:【目的】从普通小麦与十倍体长穗偃麦草的杂交、回交后代中,获得对小麦条锈病流行混合小种具有广谱抗性的新种质。【方法】对普通小麦与十倍体长穗偃麦草的杂交、回交后代材料进行条锈病鉴定、农艺性状调查、分子细胞学和品质相关性状分析。【结果】这批材料在苗期普遍表现为轻度感病,但成株后则完全高抗或免疫,对8份材料进行了连续三年的人工接种鉴定,抗性表现十分稳定。对多种致病小种具有很好的抗性,根尖细胞染色体条数均稳定在42条,农艺性状良好。原位杂交分析显示这些材料中含有同一个易位片段,即在4DS末端有一来自长穗偃麦草St基因组的小片段易位,其中一个品系(GDR3)还携带一个未能准确定位的小片段易位,该材料对混合小种的抗性优于其它材料。推测这2个小片段易位上均含有新的抗条锈病基因。高分子量麦谷蛋白分析表明,这批材料均含有优质亚基14+15。【结论】与小麦相比,其野生近缘物种中可能含有更多的广谱抗性基因,是其在恶劣自然环境下生存的遗传基础,也为小麦抗病育种提供了新抗源。

关 键 词:小麦  十倍体长穗偃麦草  条锈病  易位系
收稿时间:2012-03-21

Analysis of Wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum Translocation Lines with Broad Spectrum Resistance to Stripe Rusts
HAO Wei-wei , TANG Cai-guo , LI Bao-chun , HAO Chen-yang , ZHANG Xue-yong.Analysis of Wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum Translocation Lines with Broad Spectrum Resistance to Stripe Rusts[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2012,45(16):3240-3248.
Authors:HAO Wei-wei  TANG Cai-guo  LI Bao-chun  HAO Chen-yang  ZHANG Xue-yong
Affiliation:1(1Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081;2College of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095;3College of Agriculture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730000)
Abstract:【Objective】To transfer strip rust resistance from Thinopyrum ponticum to common wheat,wide hybrid progenies between them were screened for strip rust resistance.【Method】The progenies were characterized by their disease resistance,agronomic traits,genomic in situ hybridization and quality related protein analysis.【Result】Eight lines with good resistance or immune to the pathogens at adult stage were obtained.All of them have 42 chromosomes,in which seven lines convey a new translocation,4DS/4St.In addition,besides this translocation,the GDR3 conveys another terminal translocation,which may be derived from the E-genome chromosomes of Th.ponticum.The GDR3 performed very good resistance in whole life.It was immune to yellow rusts.It was estimated that both of the alien segments convey resistant genes to the stripe rust.The high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS) analysis indicated that all of the eight lines convey the good subunits 14+15 at Glu-B1,which should be inherited from Xiaoyan 6.【Conclusion】Wild relatives of wheat usually convey genes with broad spectrum resistance to pathogens.This is the genetic base for their surviving in extreme environment,which also provide excellent gene resource for disease resistant breeding in wheat.
Keywords:common wheat  Thinopyrum ponticum  stripe rust  translocation
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