| 黑土地生物多样性恢复与农业绿色高效发展对策 |
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| 作者姓名： | 王慧 张海芳 张艳军 刘红梅 李佳璐 张昊 杨殿林 |
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| 作者单位： | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191;天津市农田生态与环境修复技术工程中心, 天津 300191 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（SQ2023YFF1300040）；天津市科技计划项目（22ZYCGSN00700）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（2023-jbkyywf-ydl，2023-jbkyywf-wh） |
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| 摘 要： | 生物多样性对农业生态系统粮食安全、生产力和可持续性贡献极大，尤其是在未来全球气候变化加剧的背景下，多物种及其可利用性可为不同条件下农业生产和多种生态过程提供支持。黑土区生态类型多样，是实现我国农业绿色发展的重点区域。然而，由于长期高强度开发利用，黑土区耕地开始退化，湿地、林地等半自然生境面积减少，导致生物多样性下降，严重制约黑土区农业绿色发展。本文在分析黑土区农田生物多样性现状的基础上，对照和借鉴国内外生物多样性保护和农业绿色发展的经验，指出了黑土区农田生物多样性保护存在的主要问题，并进一步提出黑土区集约化农田生物多样性保护对策，以期为黑土地生物多样性复原及农业绿色转型提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 农业生物多样性，农业绿色高效发展，黑土地，生物多样性保护，粮食安全 |
| 收稿时间： | 2023/10/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2023/10/26 0:00:00 |
Restoration of biodiversity in black soil area and development strategies for green and efficient agriculture |
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| Authors: | WANG Hui ZHANG Haifang ZHANG Yanjun LIU Hongmei LI Jialu ZHANG Hao YANG Dianlin |
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| Affiliation: | Agro-Environment Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China;Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Agricultural and Environmental Remediation Technology, Tianjin 300191, China |
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| Abstract: | Biodiversity greatly contributes to food security, agricultural system productivity, and sustainability, especially in the context of global climate change. Multispecies and their availability can support for agricultural production and provide various ecological processes under different conditions. The black soil area has diverse ecological types and natural advantages in achieving green agricultural development. However, due to long-term and intensive development and utilization, the cultivated land in the black soil area has begun to deteriorate, and the reduction of semi-natural habitats such as wetlands and forests have led to a decrease in biodiversity, seriously restricting the green development of agriculture in the black soil area. On the basis of analyzing the current situation of agro-biodiversity in the black soil area, and comparing the experience of biodiversity conservation and green development of agriculture in China and abroad, we point out the main problems in protection of farmland biodiversity in the black soil area. Then we proposes strategies for intensive farmland biodiversity protection so as to provide theoretical basis for the restoration of black soil biodiversity and the green transformation of agriculture. |
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| Keywords: | agro-biodiversity green and efficient development of agriculture black soil biodiversity conservation food security |
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