| 种植年限对西安菜田土壤肥力、盐渍化及酸碱度的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯武焕,吕爽,王虎,朱永利,关旭,于世锋,张国龙,王涛.种植年限对西安菜田土壤肥力、盐渍化及酸碱度的影响[J].农学学报,2017,7(3):24-30. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯武焕 吕爽 王虎 朱永利 关旭 于世锋 张国龙 王涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西安市农业技术推广中心,西安,710061;2. 西安市农产品质量安全检验监测中心,西安,710077 |
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| 基金项目： | 西安市农业技术研发项目“蔬菜产区环境评估和土壤调控修复技术”(NC1402)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探讨不同种植年限对菜田土壤肥力、盐渍化及酸碱度的影响,采集西安市8个涉农区县露地、大棚和日光温室全部菜田共422个样本0~20 cm土样进行了土壤养分及盐分和p H值分析。结果表明:随种植年限增长,露地蔬菜土壤有机质含量呈显著下降趋势,大棚蔬菜土壤有机质含量无显著变化,日光温室蔬菜土壤有机质含量呈显著增加趋势。露地和大棚蔬菜土壤碱解氮含量无显著变化,日光温室土壤碱解氮含量呈极显著增加趋势。露地蔬菜土壤有效磷含量无显著变化,大棚蔬菜土壤有效磷含量呈显著增加趋势,日光温室蔬菜土壤有效磷含量呈极显著增加趋势。露地蔬菜土壤速效钾含量呈极显著下降趋势,大棚和日光温室蔬菜土壤速效钾含量无显著变化。总的来看,随种植年限增长,设施蔬菜土壤养分含量呈不断增加趋势,养分富集十分明显,这与设施蔬菜化肥投入过高有关,必须控制设施蔬菜化肥用量,从而避免肥料的浪费与环境污染。随种植年限增长,露地和设施蔬菜土壤硝酸盐含量和土壤盐分均无显著变化,但设施蔬菜土壤硝酸盐含量是露地蔬菜的2.2~2.3倍,土壤电导率是露地的2.0~3.3倍,说明设施蔬菜土壤硝酸盐和盐分累积十分明显,对蔬菜生产形成潜在不良影响,应通过控制化肥用量加以防控。随种植年限增长,露地和设施蔬菜土壤p H值均无显著变化,两者之间也无明显差异。
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| 关 键 词： | 种植年限 土壤肥力 盐溃化 酸碱度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/11/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/2/6 0:00:00 |
Effects of Planting Years on Soil Fertility,Salinization and pH Value of Vegetable Field in Xi'an |
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| Feng Wuhuan,Lv Shuang,Wang Hu,Zhu Yongli,Guan Xu,Yu Shifeng,Zhang Guolong,Wang Tao.Effects of Planting Years on Soil Fertility,Salinization and pH Value of Vegetable Field in Xi'an[J].Journal of Agriculture,2017,7(3):24-30. |
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| Authors: | Feng Wuhuan Lv Shuang Wang Hu Zhu Yongli Guan Xu Yu Shifeng Zhang Guolong Wang Tao |
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| Abstract: | Nutrients contents,pH value and soluble salts of 0-20 cm soil layer of 422 soil samples from open vegetable field and greenhouse in Xi'an were analyzed to study the effect of planting years on soil fertility,salinization and pH value.The results showed that the content of organic matter significantly decreased in open field soil with the increase of planting years,had no significant change in greenhouse,and increased significantly in solar greenhouse.The content of available N had no significant change in open field and greenhouse soil,however,it increased obviously in solar greenhouse soil.The content of available P in open field soil had no significant change,but significantly increased in greenhouse soil and solar greenhouse soil.Soil available K content decreased evidently in open field,and had no significant change in greenhouse and solar greenhouse soil.Overall,soil nutrient content in facility vegetable soil increased continuously,and the accumulation of nutrient was obvious,which was related to the overuse of fertilizer.It was suggested that fertilizer application in facility vegetable production should be strictly controlled in order to avoid fertilizer waste and environmental pollution.There was no significant change in the content of nitrate and soluble salts in open field and facility vegetable soil,but the nitrate content in facility vegetable soil was 2.2-2.3 times of that in open field soil,which showed that the accumulation of nitrate and soluble salts was obvious and there was a potential adverse effect on vegetable production,so the fertilizer application should be controlled.With the increase of planting year,pH value in open field and facility vegetable soil had no significant change,and there was no significant difference between them. |
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| Keywords: | Planting Years Soil Fertility Salinization pH Value |
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