| 不同类型村庄撂荒耕地景观格局特征对比分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李晓雅,郭青霞,杜轶.不同类型村庄撂荒耕地景观格局特征对比分析[J].农学学报,2019,9(8):19-25. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李晓雅 郭青霞 杜轶 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西农业大学资源环境学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省软科学研究“山西省贫困山区土地流转的农户分化和耕地撂荒机制”(2018041069-2)；山西农业大学博士启动基金项目(412559)；山 西省和顺县土地承包经营权确权登记项目。 |
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| 摘 要： | 耕地撂荒已经成为农业发展的一大问题，利用景观格局研究不同类型村庄撂荒耕地特征。选取和顺县义兴镇西北方向四个村为研究区，采用农村土地承包经营权确权数据成果，利用ArcGIS10.1及景观格局指数，进行不同类型村庄撂荒耕地景观斑块特征及空间特征对比分析。结果表明，撂荒耕地面积占景观总面积比重大、撂荒情况严重、斑块破碎，但形状简单规则且聚集度高，易于开发再利用；与耕作景观相比，撂荒景观破碎、形状复杂、分布离散，但有个别村例外；不同类型村庄撂荒耕地特征存在差异，与村庄的自然环境和社会发展特征对撂荒耕地景观有很大影响。运用承包地确权数据进行撂荒地块的景观格局分析，可以精确掌握撂荒地块特征，提高耕地利用率，支持农地流转和整理工作实现规模化农业生产，发展农村经济。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 玉米 果穗性状 不完全双列杂交 一般配合力 特殊配合力 广义遗传力 狭义遗传力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-05-13 |
Abandoned Farmland in Different Types of Villages: Comparative Analysis of Landscape Pattern Characteristics |
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| Abstract: | The paper aims to reflect current landscape characteristics of abandoned farmland in different types of villages. We selected 4 villages in the northwest Yixing in Heshun as the study area, and conducted the comparative analysis of landscape patch characteristics and spatial characteristics based on ArcGIS 10.1 and landscape index, and by adopting the results of the right to rural land management registration data. The results showed that: the abandoned farmland accounted for a large proportion of the total landscape area, the abandonment was serious, the patch was broken, but the shape was simple and regular and the degree of aggregation was high, so it was easy to develop and reuse; compared with the cultivated farmland landscape, the abandoned landscape was broken, the shape was complex and the distribution was dispersed, but there were exceptional individual villages; the characteristics of abandoned farmland in different types of villages were different, and the natural environment and social development characteristics of villages had great influence on abandoned farmland landscape. Through the landscape pattern analysis of the abandoned land by using the
right data to rural land management registration, it is possible to accurately grasp the characteristics of abandoned land, improve the utilization rate of cultivated land, support the agricultural land transfer and consolidation work to realize the large-scale agricultural production, and develop the rural economy. |
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