| 国家高粱原原种扩繁基地土壤养分和酶的垂直分布特性 |
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| 引用本文： | 龙文靖,倪先林,刘天朋,丁国祥,赵甘霖.国家高粱原原种扩繁基地土壤养分和酶的垂直分布特性[J].农学学报,2019,9(5):33-37. |
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| 作者姓名： | 龙文靖 倪先林 刘天朋 丁国祥 赵甘霖 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 德阳;2.国家高粱改良中心四川分中心 泸州, |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高粱产业技术体系“酿酒（糯）用高粱品种选育”(CARS-06-01-05)；四川省财政基因工程“酿酒高粱有利基因材料创制与新品种选育” (2011JYGC11-31)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 研究国家高粱原原种扩繁基地不同土层土壤养分和酶的垂直分布特性,为生土熟化和科学施肥提供理论依据。以国家高粱原原种扩繁基地土壤为研究对象,测定不同土层(0-20cm、20-40cm、40-60cm、60-80cm、80-100cm)土壤养分含量和酶活性,结果表明,土壤养分和酶的垂直分布均具有明显的规律性,国家高粱原原种扩繁基地表层土壤养分根据分级标准,全氮、碱解氮、有机质含量为4级水平,全钾、速效钾为3级水平,全磷、速效磷为2级水平。有机质、全磷和速效养分含量均是上部土层高于下部土层,表现随土层深度增加降低。而全氮含量在不同土层间无显著差异,全钾含量随土层深度增加先增加后减少。土壤酶(除过氧化氢酶)活性均是上部土层高于下部土层,表现随土层深度增加降低。土壤酶活性与土壤养分之间关系密切,除全氮含量、全钾含量无显著相关关系,土壤酶活性与碱解氮含量(除酸性磷酸酶)、速效钾含量、全磷含量、速效磷含量以及有机质与酶活性的相关关系均达到显著或极显著水平。土壤碱解氮和有机质含量随土层深度增加,较其他养分含量减少更大,在深层生土熟化过程中,应重施有机肥和速效氮肥。
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| 关 键 词： | 免疫胶体金 免疫胶体金 探针 应用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-02-27 |
Vertical Distribution of Soil Nutrients and Enzymes in National Sorghum Breeder Seed Propagating Base |
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| Abstract: | The vertical distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and enzymes of different soil layers in National Sorghum Breeder Seed Propagating Base are studied to provide a basis for maturity of soil and scientific fertilization. Soil nutrients’content and enzyme activities are analyzed in 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm soil layers. The results showed that the vertical distribution of soil nutrients and enzymes had obvious regularity, according to the grading standard, total nitrogen, alkali solution nitrogen, organic matter content of surface soil in the base were at grade level 4, total potassium and available potassium were at level 3, total phosphorus and available phosphorus were at level 2. The content of organic matter, total phosphorus and the available nutrients in the higher layers were higher than that in lower layers, which decreased with the depth of soil layer. The content of total nitrogen had no significant difference between different soil layers, and the total potassium content first increased then decreased with the increase of soil depth. Soil enzyme (except catalase) activities in the upper layers were higher than that of the lower soil layers, decreased with the depth of the soil layer. There was a close relation between soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients, except the total nitrogen and total potassium, soil enzyme activities had significant or extremely significant correlation with alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content (with the exception of acid phosphatase), available potassium content, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and organic matter. Soil alkali nitrogen and organic matter content increased with soil depth, whose change range was more than that of other nutrients’content. In the process of soil maturity, organic fertilizer and available nitrogen fertilizer should be reapplied. |
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