| 糖对椰枣组织培养物的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李东霞,徐中亮,符海泉,张宁,王义,王富有.糖对椰枣组织培养物的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(11):3059-3066. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李东霞 徐中亮 符海泉 张宁 王义 王富有 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所/海南省热带油料生物学重点实验室/国家热带棕榈种质资源圃, 海南文昌 571339 |
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| 基金项目： | 海南省自然科学基金项目（319QN325）；农业国际交流与合作项目（125163015000200006）；物种品种资源保护费项目（125163015000160004） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】为降低椰枣愈伤组织褐化率和提高体胚发生率，研究培养基中不同糖处理对愈伤组织和体胚发生的影响，为优化培养基配方提供依据。【方法】以椰枣组织培养物为研究对象，进行3种糖处理（蔗糖、蔗糖+果糖、蔗糖+葡萄糖）的组织培养试验，统计椰枣愈伤组织褐化率及体胚发生率，测定不同糖处理下愈伤组织、体胚和不定芽的淀粉、蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖含量，综合分析不同糖处理对椰枣组织培养物影响的差异。【结果】在蔗糖培养基中增加果糖，体胚和不定芽的蔗糖含量和葡萄糖含量下降，愈伤组织和体胚的果糖含量及愈伤组织的淀粉含量上升，愈伤组织褐化率升高。在蔗糖培养基中增加葡萄糖，不定芽蔗糖含量和愈伤组织果糖含量降低，愈伤、体胚和不定芽的淀粉含量上升，愈伤和体胚的葡萄糖含量上升，体胚发生率升高。愈伤组织和体胚的淀粉和果糖含量显著高于不定芽的淀粉和果糖含量（P<0.05，下同），愈伤组织的葡萄糖含量显著高于体胚和不定芽，体胚的蔗糖含量显著高于不定芽，不定芽的蔗糖含量显著高于愈伤组织。相关分析结果表明:愈伤组织褐化率与愈伤组织果糖含量、不定芽果糖含量均呈显著正相关；体胚发生率与体胚淀粉含量呈显著正相关；体胚发生率与体胚蔗糖含量、愈伤组织褐化率与愈伤组织果糖含量均呈极显著正相关（P<0.01，下同）；体胚发生率与体胚蔗糖含量、愈伤组织葡萄糖含量、体胚葡萄糖含量均呈极显著正相关，同时，与体胚淀粉含量呈显著正相关。【结论】在椰枣愈伤组织诱导与增殖培养过程中减少果糖的用量，在体胚发生培养时增加葡萄糖的用量，可降低愈伤组织的褐化率，提高体胚发生率。
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| 关 键 词： | 椰枣 组织培养物 蔗糖 果糖 葡萄糖 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-07 |
Effects of sugar on tissue culture of date palm |
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| LI Dong-xia,XU Zhong-liang,FU Hai-quan,ZHANG Ning,WANG Yi,WANG Fu-you.Effects of sugar on tissue culture of date palm[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(11):3059-3066. |
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| Authors: | LI Dong-xia XU Zhong-liang FU Hai-quan ZHANG Ning WANG Yi WANG Fu-you |
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| Affiliation: | Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Biological Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops/Tropical Palm Germplasm Nursery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wenchang, Hainan 571339, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 In order to reduce the callus browning rate and increase somatic embryogenesis rate, and provide the basis for the optimizing medium formulation, this experiment was conducted to study the effect of the ratio of sucrose, fructose and glucose in the culture medium on the callus and somatic embryos during tissue culture of date palm.【Method】 The cultures were used as research object. Three treatments(sucrose, sucrose+fructose, sucrose+glucose) were used to the tissue culture experiment. The callus browning rate and somatic embryogenesis rate were observed and analyzed. The content of starch, sucrose, fructose and glucose in callus, somatic embryo and adventitious bud were detected and analyzed. Comprehensive analysis of the difference of different sugar treatments on the tissue culture of date palm.【Result】 Increasing fructose in the sucrose culture medium decreased the sucrose content of somatic embryos and adventitious buds, and the glucose content, while increased the fructose content of callus and somatic embryos and the starch content of callus, and increased the callus browning rate. Increasing glucose in the sucrose medium decreased the sucrose and fructose content of adventitious buds, while increased the starch content of callus, somatic embryos and adventitious buds, increased the glucose content of callus and somatic embryos, and increased somatic embryogenesis rate. The starch and sugar content of callus and somatic embryos were significantly higher than that of the starch and sugar content of adventitious bud(P<0.05, the same below). The glucose content of callus was significantly higher than that of the glucose content of somatic embryos and adventitious bud. The sucrose content of somatic embryos was significantly higher than that of the sucrose content of adventitious bud, the sucrose content of adventitious bud was significantly higher than that of the sucrose content of callus. The results of correlation analysis showed that the callus browning rate was extremely significantly positively correlated with the fructose callus(P<0.01, the same below). The somatic embryogenesis rate was extremely significantly positively correlated with sucrose content of somatic embryos, glucose content of callus and somatic embryos, and it was significantly positively correlated with the the starch content of somatic embryos.【Conclusion】 It is necessary to reduce the fructose in the the medium for callus induction and proliferation, and add glucose in the medium for somatic embryogenesis during date palm tissue culture, thereby decrease the callus browning rate and increase the somatic embryogenesis rate. |
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