| 不同种源滇重楼对干旱胁迫的响应分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王元忠,沈涛,张金渝.不同种源滇重楼对干旱胁迫的响应分析[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(8):2106-2116. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王元忠 沈涛 张金渝 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所, 昆明 650200;2 玉溪师范学院化学生物与环境学院, 云南玉溪 653100 |
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| 基金项目： | 云南省科技计划项目（2017RA001） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】筛选滇重楼（Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis）抗旱种源，为滇重楼抗旱种源筛选及种质遗传改良提供理论依据。【方法】以3个种源（温带种源、南亚热带种源和北热带种源）的滇重楼为试验材料，结合单因素方差分析、相关分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析及变量投影重要性分析，对比分析充足水分（W0）、轻度干旱（W1）和重度干旱（W2）3个水分梯度下，不同种源滇重楼根茎叶性状、生物量分配及总皂苷产量等性状的变异，并对抗旱种源进行评价。【结果】单因素方差分析结果显示，土壤水分显著影响滇重楼地上、地下多个性状（P<0.05，下同）。干旱胁迫下，3个种源滇重楼的根茎、须根及茎和叶的鲜重、生物量呈明显下降趋势。随着干旱胁迫加剧，温带种源根质比降低；南亚热带种源和北热带种源根质比则呈升高趋势；所有种源中，南亚热带种源在不同土壤水分条件下的药用部位生物量（W0:6.16±2.78 g、W1:4.78±1.51 g和W2:2.98±0.59 g）及总皂苷产量（W0:60.51±28.23 mg、W1:45.96±16.88 mg和W2:13.62±2.51 mg）最高；相关分析结果显示，株高、茎粗、茎鲜重、茎生物量、叶鲜重、叶生物量、叶长和叶宽与滇重楼根及根茎部位的鲜重、生物量及总皂苷含量呈极显著（P<0.01）正相关；正交偏最小二乘-判别分析结果表明，所有种源W1处理的植株根茎直径、根茎长、须根直径、须根长、须根数、茎鲜重、茎生物量、叶鲜重、叶生物量、叶片含水率、株高、茎粗、叶长和叶宽明显高于W2处理；变量投影重要性分析结果显示，不同种源的株高、叶长、叶宽、茎鲜重、须根长、须根数的VIP值>1.0，表明上述性状对干旱胁迫较敏感。【结论】综合分析地下器官生物量和总皂苷产量，南亚热带滇重楼抗旱性最佳；其高产优质性状在未来抗旱优良种源培育中应加以关注。
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| 关 键 词： | 滇重楼 干旱胁迫 表型性状 产量 种源筛选 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-19 |
Response of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis with different provenances to drought stress |
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| WANG Yuan-zhong,SHEN Tao,ZHANG Jin-yu.Response of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis with different provenances to drought stress[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(8):2106-2116. |
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| Authors: | WANG Yuan-zhong SHEN Tao ZHANG Jin-yu |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China;2 College of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 In order to select the drought-tolerant provenances of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and to provide the theoretical basis for drought-tolerant provenances screening and genetic improvement of germplasm.【Method】 Three provenances of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis(temperate provenance, south subtropical provenance, and north tropical provenance) were selected as the research materials. The variation of root, stem and leaf traits, biomass distribution and the yield of total saponins under three treatments including sufficient water(W0), mild drought(W1) and severe drought(W2) were studied by using One-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis(OPLS-DA), and variable importance in the projection(VIP) analysis. Meanwhile, the drought resistance of different provenances was evaluated.【Result】 The One-way ANOVA analysis showed that soil moisture significantly affected multiple of above and underground traits of P. polyphylla(P<0.05, the same below). The results showed under drought stress, the fresh weight and biomass of rhizome, fibrous root, stem, and leaf of the P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis in the three provenances decreased. With drought stress intensified, the root mass ratio of temperate provenances was decreased. Meanwhile, the root mass ratio of provenances collected from the south subtropical and the north tropical zones was increased. The provenances collected from the south subtropical zone had the highest value of rhizome biomass(W0=6.16±2.78 g, W1=4.78±1.51 g and W2=2.98±0.59 g) and the yield of saponin(W0=60.51±28.23 mg, W1=45.96±16.88 mg and W2=13.62±2.51 mg) under different soil moisture conditions. Correlation analysis showed that there was extremely significant(P<0.01) positive correlation among plant height, stem thickness, fresh stem weight, stem biomass, fresh leaf weight, leaf biomass, leaf length, and leaf width and fresh weight, biomass and total saponin content of root and rhizome. OPLS-DA showed the values of traits such as rhizome diameter, rhizome length, fibril diameter, fibril length, fibril number, stem fresh weight, stem biomass, leaf fresh weight, leaf biomass, leaf water content, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf wide under W1 were higher than W2. Based on VIP analysis found that VIP value of plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem fresh weight, fibril length, fibril number were >1.0. The results suggested that these traits were more sensitive to drought stress.【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis of underground organ biomass and total saponin production show that the south subtropical provenance has the strongest drought resistance, traits of high yield and high quality of the provenance should be paid attention to in the future drought-tolerant provenances breeding. |
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