| 温度和pH对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹耗氧率、排氨率和窒息点的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈雪,冯文荣,周立水,丁秀芳,梁猛,唐永凯.温度和pH对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹耗氧率、排氨率和窒息点的影响[J].南方农业学报,2022,53(5):1415-1424. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈雪 冯文荣 周立水 丁秀芳 梁猛 唐永凯 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306;2 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业农村部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214081;3 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院, 江苏无锡 214081 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目（PZCZ201749）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（2021JBFM12）；江苏省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（JATS〔2019〕385） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】明确中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）幼蟹在不同环境条件下的呼吸代谢规律，为其幼蟹养殖条件的优化和种苗繁育提供参考依据。【方法】通过密封静水式试验，探究不同温度（10、15、20、25、30℃）和pH（6.0、7.0、8.0、9.0）对不同规格［大规格组（L）的体质量21.68±3.58 g，中规格组（M）的体质量11.31±0.29 g，小规格组（S）的体质量5.84±0.33 g］中华绒螯蟹幼蟹耗氧率、排氨率和窒息点的影响。【结果】温度和pH对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的耗氧率和排氨率有显著影响（P<0.05，下同）。随着温度的升高，中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的耗氧率和排氨率均呈升高趋势；在15~30℃的范围内，幼蟹的耗氧率和排氨率与其体质量呈负相关，即幼蟹的耗氧率和排氨率排序均表现为S组>M组>L组。随着pH的升高，中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的耗氧率呈先降低后升高的变化趋势，排氨率则呈先升高后降低的变化趋势；在pH 6.0~9.0的范围内，幼蟹的耗氧率和排氨率均与体质量呈负相关。温度和pH对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的窒息点有显著影响，幼蟹在10℃下的窒息点显著高于15~30℃下的窒息点；在pH 6.0~9.0的范围内，幼蟹的窒息点均随pH的升高呈先降低后升高的变化趋势，且S组幼蟹的窒息点显著高于M组和L组。在10~30℃范围内，中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的氨商和能量代谢率均呈先降低后升高的变化趋势；随pH的升高，幼蟹的氨商呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，能量代谢率则呈先降低后升高的变化趋势。【结论】温度和pH变化对不同规格中华绒螯蟹幼蟹呼吸代谢指标均有显著影响，其适宜生长温度为20~25℃，适宜生长pH为8.0，过高或过低均会对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹机体造成应激反应，进而影响其正常生长及存活。
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| 关 键 词： | 中华绒螯蟹 温度 pH 体质量 耗氧率 排氨率 窒息点 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-22 |
Effects of temperature and pH on the oxygen consumption rate,ammonia discharge rate and asphyxiation point of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis |
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| CHEN Xue,FENG Wen-rong,ZHOU Li-shui,DING Xiu-fang,LIANG Meng,TANG Yong-kai.Effects of temperature and pH on the oxygen consumption rate,ammonia discharge rate and asphyxiation point of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2022,53(5):1415-1424. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Xue FENG Wen-rong ZHOU Li-shui DING Xiu-fang LIANG Meng TANG Yong-kai |
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| Affiliation: | 1 College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;2 Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China;3 Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】To clarify the respiratory and metabolic patterns of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis under different environmental conditions，so as to provide a reference for the optimization of the juvenile crab culture conditions and broodstock breeding.【Method】The effects of different temperatures（10，15，20，25 and 30 ℃）and pH（6.0，7.0，8.0 and 9.0）on the oxygen consumption rate，ammonia discharge rate and asphyxiation point of juvenile E. sinensis of different sizes［L（21.68±3.58 g），M（11.31±0.29 g）and S（5.84±0.33 g）］were investigated in a sealed hydrostatic test.【Result】Temperature and pH had significant effects on the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of E. sinensis（P<0.05，the same below）. With the increase of temperature，the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia discharge rate of juvenile crab showed a rising trend. In the range of 15-30 ℃，the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia discharge rate of juvenile crabs were negatively correlated with body mass，show as S group>M group>L group. With the increase of pH，oxygen consumption performed a trend of decreased first and then increased，while the ammonia discharge rate showed the trend of increased first and then decreased. The oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rate of crabs were negatively correlated with body mass in pH 6.0-9.0 treatments. Temperature and pH had significant influence on asphyxiation point of crabs. The asphyxiation point at 10 ℃ was significantly higher than that at 15-30 ℃. At pH 6.0-9.0，asphyxiation point performed the trend of decreased first and then increased，and S group was significantly higher than that of M and L groups. In the range of 10-30 ℃，the ammonia quotient and energy metabolic rate of juvenile E. sinensis showed a trend of decreased first and then increased. As pH increased，the ammonia quotient of juvenile crabs tended to increase and then decrease，while the energy metabolic rate tended to decrease and then increase.【Conclusion】Temperature and pH have significant effects on the respiratory and metabolic indexes of juvenile E. sinensis of different sizes. The suitable water temperature for the growth of E. sinensis is 20-25 ℃，and the suitable pH is 8.0. The temperature and pH should not be too high or too low，or it will inflict stress response of juvenile crab，which may affect its normal growth and survival. |
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