| 不同基肥对浙贝母根际土壤养分及其入药品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈群辉,柯燕萍,魏祖晨,赵顺鑫,周浓,杜慧慧,刘正学.不同基肥对浙贝母根际土壤养分及其入药品质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(12):3358-3365. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈群辉 柯燕萍 魏祖晨 赵顺鑫 周浓 杜慧慧 刘正学 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 重庆三峡学院生物与食品工程学院/三峡库区道地药材绿色种植与深加工重庆市工程实验室, 重庆 404120;2 重庆幼儿师范高等专科学校, 重庆 404047 |
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| 基金项目： | 重庆市技术创新与应用示范项目（cstc2018jscx-msybX0367）；重庆三峡学院人才引进项目（No.20RC-12）；三峡库区可持续发展研究中心开放基金项目（2020sxxyjd05） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究不同基肥对浙贝母根际土壤养分和入药品质的影响，为浙贝母规范化施肥和品质提升提供科学依据。【方法】以重庆万州浙贝母为试验材料，分别施用有机肥（S1）、复方无机肥（S2）和有机无机复混肥（S3）3种不同基肥，以不施基肥为对照（CK），测定不同处理的浙贝母土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性及浙贝母鳞茎的生物碱、核苷和氨基酸含量，分析3种基肥对浙贝母根际土壤养分和入药品质的影响。【结果】与CK相比，3种施肥处理均可不同程度提高浙贝母根际土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性（多酚氧化酶除外），其中S3处理的土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质含量分别较CK显著提高82.21%、28.01%、69.10%、829.41%、120.97%、175.89%和22.82%（P<0.05，下同），蛋白酶、脲酶、中性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶的活性分别较CK提高186.4%、20.98%、42.87%、31.41%、25.37%和44.59%；各施肥处理的土壤pH均较CK下降，土壤有不同程度的酸化趋势，多酚氧化酶活性均低于CK。浙贝母鳞茎中贝母辛、贝母素甲、贝母素乙含量均显著提高，与CK相比分别提高66.67%、162.16%和47.64%。相关分析结果表明，贝母素甲、贝母素乙和贝母辛3种品质指标均与土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、全氮、全磷和全钾含量存在显著或极显著（P<0.01，下同）正相关，而与多酚氧化酶和土壤pH存在极显著负相关。【结论】与单施有机肥或单施含微量元素的复方无机肥相比，有机无机复混肥能显著增加浙贝母的根际土壤养分和入药品质。
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| 关 键 词： | 浙贝母 基肥 土壤养分 入药品质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-04 |
Effects of soil nutrients content in rhizosphere and medicinal quality of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. with different basal fertilizers |
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| CHEN Qun-hui,KE Yan-ping,WEI Zu-chen,ZHAO Shun-xin,ZHOU Nong,DU Hui-hui,LIU Zheng-xue.Effects of soil nutrients content in rhizosphere and medicinal quality of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. with different basal fertilizers[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(12):3358-3365. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Qun-hui KE Yan-ping WEI Zu-chen ZHAO Shun-xin ZHOU Nong DU Hui-hui LIU Zheng-xue |
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| Affiliation: | 1 College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University/The Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Green Cultivation and Deep Processing of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area's Medicinal Herbs, Chongqing 404120, China;2 Chongqing Preschool Education College, Chongqing 404047, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The objective of the paper was to study the effects of soil nutrients content in rhizosphere and medicinal quality of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. with different basal fertilizers，and to provide scientific basis for standardized fertilization and quality improvement of F. thunbergii.【Method】Using F. thunbergii from Wanzhou District of Chongqing as the experimental material，three different basal fertilizers were applied，namely organic fertilizer（S1）， compound inorganic fertilizer（S2）and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer（S3），respectively. With no basal fertilizer as the control（CK），the effects of different treatments on soil nutrients content in rhizosphere and medicinal quality of F.thunbergii were analyzed by measuring soil physical and chemical properties，soil enzyme activity，alkaloid content，nucleoside content and amino acid content in bulbs.【Result】Compared with CK，the three basal fertilizers increased soil nutrient content，soil enzyme activity（except polyphenol oxidase）in the rhizosphere of F. thunbergii in different degrees. Among them，the total nitrogen，total phosphorus，total potassium，available nitrogen，available phosphorus，available potassium and organic matter content of the soil treated with S3 were significantly increased by 82.21%，28.01%， 69.10%，829.41%，120.97%，175.89% and 22.82% compared with CK，respectively（P<0.05，the same below）. Compared with CK，the activities of protease，urease，neutral phosphatase，alkaline phosphatase，catalase and sucrase were increased by 186.4%，20.98%，42.87%，31.41%，25.37% and 44.59%，respectively. The soil pH of each fertilization treatment was lower than that of CK，and the soil had a different degree of acidification tendency，and the activity of polyphenol oxidase was lower than that of CK. In addition，the contents of peimisine，peimine，peiminine in the bulbs of F. vulgaris were significantly increased，which increased by 66.67%，162.16% and 47.64% respectively compared with CK. Correlation analysis results showed that there were significant or extremely significant（P<0.01，the same below）positive correlations between the three quality indexes of peimine，peiminine，peimisine and the contents of soil sucrase，catalase，acid phosphatase，neutral phosphatase，alkaline phosphatase，total nitrogen，total phosphorus and total potassium. But there was extremely significant negative correlation with polyphenol oxidase and soil pH.【Conclusion】In conclusion， compared with single organic fertilizer or single compound organic fertilizer containing trace elements，the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer can significantly increase soil nutrients，medicinal quality of F. thunbergii. |
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