| 生姜种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 李德文,王少铭,李晋华,罗莉斯,冷家归,侯颖辉.生姜种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2022,53(6):1693-1703. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 李德文 王少铭 李晋华 罗莉斯 冷家归 侯颖辉 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 贵州省农业科学院香料研究所, 贵州贵阳 550006;2. 贵州省农业科学院油料研究所, 贵州贵阳 550006 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般260)贵州特色植物种质资源利用与创新人才基地项目(RCJD2018-14)贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2391号) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 【目的】分析生姜种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性，筛选出优良的核心种质资源，为喀斯特地区生姜种质资源创新利用和品种选育提供理论参考。【方法】以我国不同省（区）的96份生姜种质资源为材料，2018—2019年连续2年在贵州进行10个主要农艺性状调查测定，采用遗传变异分析、相关分析、主成分分析、Ward法聚类分析及综合评价方法研究96份生姜种质资源的遗传多样性。【结果】 96份生姜种质资源10个农艺性状的变异系数为6.77%~36.64%，以分枝数、茎叶重和根状茎重的变异系数较大，均大于20.00%；遗传多样性指数（H'）为1.935~2.099，以叶宽、叶长和根状茎长的H'较大，以分枝数的H'最小（1.935）。单株根状茎重与分枝数、茎叶重、根状茎长和根状茎宽呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.01），而与株高、主茎叶片数、主茎茎粗、叶长和叶宽的相关性不显著（P>0.05）。前3个主成分因子累计贡献率达63.48%，且3个主成分因子载荷在各性状间差异较明显，说明由多方面原因导致生姜种质资源的变异。在遗传距离为10.5时将96份生姜种质资源分为6个类群，其中，类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅴ的种质资源茎叶较重和根状茎产量较高，类群Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅵ的种质资源分枝较少、茎叶较轻和根状茎产量偏低。贵州省内生姜种质群体与广西群体、湖北群体和四川群体的遗传背景较近。【结论】 96份生姜种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性丰富，分枝数和茎叶重是影响喀斯特地区生姜高产的主要性状，且广西、湖北和四川的生姜地方资源适宜在贵州生态区推广种植。从类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅴ筛选出的14份综合农艺性状优良种质可作为核心生姜种质资源开发利用。
|
| 关 键 词： | 生姜 种质资源 农艺性状 遗传多样性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-04-30 |
Genetic diversity analysis of major agronomic traits of ginger germplasm resources |
| |
| LI De-wen,WANG Shao-ming,LI Jin-hua,LUO Li-si,LENG Jia-gui,HOU Ying-hui.Genetic diversity analysis of major agronomic traits of ginger germplasm resources[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2022,53(6):1693-1703. |
| |
| Authors: | LI De-wen WANG Shao-ming LI Jin-hua LUO Li-si LENG Jia-gui HOU Ying-hui |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Spice Crops Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, China;2. Oil Crops Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, China |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objective】To analyze the genetic diversity of main agronomic traits of ginger germplasm resources and screen out the excellent core germplasm resources，so as to provide theoretical reference for the innovative utilization of ginger germplasm resources and cultivar selection in karst areas.【Method】Ninety-six ginger germplasm resources from different provinces（regions）in China were taken as materials and their 10 main agronomic traits were determined for 2 consecutive years from 2018 to 2019 in Guizhou.The genetic variation analysis，correlation analysis，principal component analysis，Ward method cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation were conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of these 96 ginger germplasm resources.【Result】Coefficients of variation of 10 agronomic traits of 96 ginger germplasm resources ranged from 6.77% to 36.64%，and the coefficients of variation for branch number，stem and leaf weight and rhizomes weight were higher than 20.00%.Genetic diversity index（H'）ranged from 1.935 to 2.099.The H'of leaf width，leaf length and rhizome length were higher，and the H'of branch number was the smallest（1.935）.Rhizomes weight per plant was positively correlated with branch number，stem and leaf weight，rhizome length and rhizome width（P<0.01），but had no significant correlation with plant height，number of main stem leaves，main stem diameter，leaf length and leaf width（P>0.05）.The accumulative contribution rate of the first 3 principal component factors was 63.48%，and their loadings were significantly different among the traits，indicating that the variation of ginger germplasm resources was caused by various reasons.Cluster analysis showed that 96 ginger germplasm resources were divided into 6 groups at a genetic distance of 10.5.Among them，the germplasm resources of group I，group II and group V had heavier stems and leaves and higher rhizome yield，while the others had fewer branches，lighter stems and leaves and lower rhizome yield.The genetic background of ginger germplasm population in Guizhou was close to those of Guangxi，Hubei and Sichuan populations.【Conclusion】 The genetic diversity of main agronomic traits of the 96 germplasm resources of ginger is rich.Branch number and stem and leaf weight are the main reasons for the high yield of ginger in karst area.The local resources of ginger originate from Guangxi，Hubei and Sichuan are suitable be popularized and planted in Guizhou ecological area.The 14 germplasm with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits selected from group I，II and V can be used as core germplasm resources for development and utilization. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
| 点击此处可从《南方农业学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《南方农业学报》下载全文 |
|
