| 大蒜种质资源农艺性状分析及综合评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 冷家归,李德文,周亚丽,姚正治,王少铭,侯颖辉,李晋华,罗莉斯.大蒜种质资源农艺性状分析及综合评价[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(11):2952-2961. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冷家归 李德文 周亚丽 姚正治 王少铭 侯颖辉 李晋华 罗莉斯 |
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| 作者单位： | 贵州省农业科学院香料研究所,贵阳 550006;贵州省农业科学院油料研究所,贵阳 550006;贵州省道真县仡佬族苗族自治县农业农村局,贵州遵义 563500;道真仡佬族苗族自治县河口镇农业服务中心,贵州遵义 563500 |
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| 基金项目： | 贵州省科技支撑项目（黔科合支撑〔2018〕2331号）；贵州省科技平台人才项目（黔科合平台人才〔2017〕5713号）；贵州省农科院青年基金项目（黔农科院青年基金〔2018〕105号）；黔农科院种质资源项目（〔2020〕04号） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】分析大蒜种质资源的农艺性状，并对大蒜种质资源进行初步鉴定及综合评价，以期全面了解大蒜种质资源特性，对今后开展大蒜种质资源遗传多样性分析、创新利用及新品种选育提供理论参考。【方法】对184份大蒜种质资源的株高、假茎直径、叶长、叶宽和单头鳞茎重等12个农艺性状进行调查，计算其变异系数，并进行相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。【结果】184份大蒜种质资源的12个农艺性状变异系数为14.072%~67.993%，其中，假茎直径、叶长、叶片数和鳞茎盘厚的变异系数均大于40.000%。相关分析结果显示，大蒜种质资源不同农艺性状间存在不同程度的相关性，其中鳞茎高、鳞茎横茎、鳞茎盘直径、鳞芽背宽和鳞芽高是影响蒜头产量的主要农艺性状。主成分分析结果显示，大蒜种质资源表型性状的绝大部分信息包含在前4个主成分因子，累计贡献率为76.226%，主要因子为鳞茎横径、株高、单头鳞茎重、鳞芽高、鳞茎高、鳞茎盘厚和叶片数。聚类分析结果显示，184份大蒜种质资源在欧氏距离20.00处可聚为七大类群，其中第Ⅳ和Ⅴ类群种质的综合表现较好，且大部分为贵州本地资源。通过计算184份大蒜种质资源农艺性状的综合得分，筛选出综合得分较高的21份种质，其中有20份种质来自贵州。【结论】184份大蒜种质资源遗传差异较大，其中贵州大蒜种质资源综合表现优异，是筛选优良大蒜种质资源的良好材料。
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| 关 键 词： | 大蒜 种质资源 农艺性状 分析 评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-18 |
Analysis and evaluation of agronomic traits in Allium sativum L. germplasm resources |
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| LENG Jia-gui,LI De-wen,ZHOU Ya-li,YAO Zheng-zhi,WANG Shao-ming,HOU Ying-hui,LI Jin-hua,LUO Li-si.Analysis and evaluation of agronomic traits in Allium sativum L. germplasm resources[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(11):2952-2961. |
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| Authors: | LENG Jia-gui LI De-wen ZHOU Ya-li YAO Zheng-zhi WANG Shao-ming HOU Ying-hui LI Jin-hua LUO Li-si |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Guizhou Institute of Spice Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;2 Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;3 Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Daozhen County, Zunyi, Guizhou 563500, China;4 Hekou Town Agricultural Service Center of Daozhen County, Zunyi, Guizhou 563500, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To analyze the agronomic characters of garlic germplasm resources, and conduct preliminary identification and comprehensive evaluation. In order to comprehensively explore the characteristics, and provide theoretical reference for the future development, genetic diversity analysis, innovative utilization and new variety breeding of resources.【Method】 In this study, investigated 12 agronomic traits including plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width and single bulb weight of 184 garlic germplasm resources. Its coefficient of variability was calculated. The coefficient of variation, correlation, principal components and cluster were analyzed.【Result】 The variation coefficients of the 12 agronomic traits of 184 germplasm resources ranged from 14.072% to 67.993% of 12 agronomic traits of 184 garlic germplasm resources, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf number and thickness of shortened stem were all greater than 40.000%. Moreover, correlation analysis showed that there were different degrees of correlation among different agrono-mic traits of germplasm, the main agronomic traits that affected the yield of garlic included bulb height, bulb diameter, diameter of short stem, bulbel width and bulbel height, respectively. Further, principal component analysis found that the cumulative contribution rate of the four factors was 76.226%. The main factors were the bulb transverse diameter, plant height, single bulb weight, bulbel height, bulb height, bulb stem thickness, and the number of leaves. Cluster analysis showed that the 184 garlic germplasm resources could be grouped into seven groups at the Euclidean distance of 20.00, of which the Ⅳ and Ⅴ germplasm groups, largely from Guizhou, had a better comprehensive performance. By calculating a comprehensive agronomic trait score for all 184 germplasms, 21 germplasms with the highest agronomic trait scores were selected, 20 of which came from Guizhou.【Conclusion】 The 184 garlic germplasm resources display substantial differences in agronomical traits. Several derived from Guizhou displayed excellent comprehensive performance and thus, provide material for the screening of excellent garlic germplasm resources. |
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