| 广西马铃薯产业现状分析及其发展建议 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨鑫,樊吴静,唐洲萍,何虎翼,严华兵,覃夏燕,甘秀芹,李丽淑.广西马铃薯产业现状分析及其发展建议[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(6):1501-1509. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨鑫 樊吴静 唐洲萍 何虎翼 严华兵 覃夏燕 甘秀芹 李丽淑 |
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| 作者单位： | 广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,南宁 530004 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-09-ES19）；广西自然科学基金项目（2019GXNSFBA245095）；广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目（桂农科2020YM117，桂农科2021YM06） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】调研分析广西马铃薯产业发展现状，针对存在的问题提出发展建议，为广西马铃薯产业发展及政府决策提供参考。【方法】通过对广西马铃薯主产县（市、区）、主要种植基地（合作社）、加工销售企业的实地走访调研和相关资料分析，剖析广西马铃薯栽培、加工、贸易的发展现状及存在的主要问题。【结果】2014—2019年间，广西马铃薯种植区域逐渐拓宽，种植模式和栽培技术趋向于多元化发展；马铃薯平均单产由17.10 t/ha增长到21.30 t/ha，但种植总面积由7.76万ha降至5.12万ha，导致总产由132.70万t降至109.06万t。马铃薯加工企业较少，只有2家规模生产并注册商标的马铃薯加工企业，加工产品主要是粉丝和粉条；鲜薯主要销往外省，大部分用于鲜食，少部分用于加工和出口。存在防灾减灾能力弱、种薯短缺、栽培技术不规范、科技成果转化率低、价格季节性下滑、国内竞争加剧、加工技术滞后等问题，严重制约广西马铃薯产业的发展。【建议】应发展绿色生产，营造优势产区；完善和规范脱毒种薯供应体系，提升优质种薯供应能力；加强产学研攻关，优化科技支撑体系；培育龙头企业，打造桂字号品牌；加大政策引导和资金扶持，产业融合促消费。
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| 关 键 词： | 马铃薯 产业 发展现状 存在问题 发展建议 广西 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-05 |
Development status and countermeasures of potato industry in Guangxi |
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| YANG Xin,FAN Wu-jing,TANG Zhou-ping,HE Hu-yi,YAN Hua-bing,QIN Xia-yan,GAN Xiu-qin,LI Li-shu.Development status and countermeasures of potato industry in Guangxi[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(6):1501-1509. |
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| Authors: | YANG Xin FAN Wu-jing TANG Zhou-ping HE Hu-yi YAN Hua-bing QIN Xia-yan GAN Xiu-qin LI Li-shu |
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| Affiliation: | Cash Crops Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultral Sciences, Nanning 530004, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】Survey and analysis on potato development status in Guangxi were conducted, and put forward development suggestions and countermeasures for the existing problems, in order to provide reference for the development of potato industry and government decision-making departments in Guangxi.【Method】Based on the field investigation and data in the main potato producing counties(cities, districts), main planting bases(cooperatives) and processing and sales enterprises in Guangxi, the development status and main problems of potato cultivation, processing and trade in Guangxi were analyzed.【Result】Since 2014 to 2019, the planting area of the potato in Guangxi was gradually widened, and the planting mode and cultivation technology tended to be diversified;the average per unit yield of potao increased from 17.10 t/ha to 21.30 t/ha, but the total planting area decreased from 7.76×104 ha to 5.12×104 ha, resulting in the total yield decreased from 132.70×104 t to 109.06×104 t. In addition, there were only a few potato processing enterprises, only 2 large-scale production and registered trademark potato processing enterprises, processing products were mainly vermicelli and noodles. Fresh potatoes were mainly sold to other provinces, most of which were used for fresh food and a few were processed and exported. Finally, there were some problems, such as weak ability of disaster prevention and reduction, shortage of seed potato, non-standard cultivation technology, low conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements, seasonal decline in prices, intensified domestic competition and lagging processing technology, which seriously restricted the development of potato industry.【Suggestion】Develop green production and create advantageous production areas;improve and standardize the supply system of virus-free seed potato and improve the supply capacity of high-quality seed potato;strengthen the research of industry, universities and optimize the scientific and technological support system;cultivate leading enterprises and build Gui brand;increase policy guidance and financial support, promote industrial integration and promote consumption. |
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