| 烟秆炭基肥对薏苡产量、品质及经济效益的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡坤,朱巧莲,童晨晓,周碧青,郭力铭,邢世和,毛艳玲.烟秆炭基肥对薏苡产量、品质及经济效益的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(6):1587-1594. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡坤 朱巧莲 童晨晓 周碧青 郭力铭 邢世和 毛艳玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002;2. 土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002;3. 自然生物资源保育利用福建省高校工程研究中心, 福州 350002 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央财政林业科技推广示范项目（闽[2018]TG15号）；福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目（KFA17397A，CXZX2017226） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探究烟秆炭基肥对薏苡产量、品质及经济效益的影响，为农业废弃物资源化利用、生物炭基肥推广应用及薏苡养分和品质调控提供科学指导。【方法】以浦薏6号和烟秆生物炭基肥为供试材料，通过大田试验，设不施肥对照（CK）、常规施肥（F）、低量（800 kg/ha）炭基肥（LBF）和高量（1600 kg/ha）炭基肥（HBF）4种施肥处理，测定薏苡生长、产量、品质等指标，并分析不同施肥处理对薏苡肥料农学利用率及经济效益的影响。【结果】与CK相比，施用烟秆炭基肥可促进薏苡植株生长并提高薏苡产量，成熟期薏苡株高和茎粗分别增加7.8~15.4 cm和1.4~2.3 mm，薏苡平均增产44.98%；烟秆炭基肥可显著提高薏仁中营养性成分含量（P<0.05，下同），其中，可溶性糖含量平均增加44.25%，维生素C含量平均增加12.26%，而氨基酸和粗脂肪含量无显著差异（P>0.05）；烟杆炭基肥能提高薏苡中黄酮和薏苡素功能性成分含量；此外，烟秆炭基肥促进氮、磷、钾养分积累，显著提高肥料农学利用率和经济效益，以HBF处理的经济效益最高，达68109.15元/ha，较CK提高77.29%。【结论】综合考虑作物产量、品质及经济效益等因素，1600kg/ha生物炭基肥处理提升效果较佳，在福建等南方地区的薏苡种植中具有良好的应用潜力和推广价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 烟秆炭基肥 薏苡 产量 品质 经济效益 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-19 |
Effects of tobacco stalk biochar-based fertilizer on the yield,quality and economic benefits of adlay |
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| HU Kun,ZHU Qiao-lian,TONG Chen-xiao,ZHOU Bi-qing,GUO Li-ming,XING Shi-he,MAO Yan-ling.Effects of tobacco stalk biochar-based fertilizer on the yield,quality and economic benefits of adlay[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(6):1587-1594. |
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| Authors: | HU Kun ZHU Qiao-lian TONG Chen-xiao ZHOU Bi-qing GUO Li-ming XING Shi-he MAO Yan-ling |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;2. University Key Lab of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation in Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China;3. Fujian Colleges and Universities Engineering Research Institute of Conservation & Utilization of Natural Bioresources, Fuzhou 350002, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】To explore the effects of tobacco stalk biochar-based fertilizer on the yield, quality and economic benefits of adlay, with a view to provide scientific guidance for the resource utilization of agricultural wastes, the promotion and application of biochar-based fertilizers and the nutrient and quality control of adlay.【Method】Puyi No.6 and tobacco stalk biochar-based fertilizer were used as the test materials. Through field experiments, no fertilizer(CK), conventional fertilization(F), low(800 kg/ha) biochar-based fertilizer(LBF) and high(1600 kg/ha) biochar-based fertilizer(HBF) fertilization treatments were set up, to determine the growth, yield, quality and other indicators of adlay, and analyze the effects of different treatments on the fertilizer agronomic utilization rate and economic benefits of adlay.【Result】Compared with CK, the application of tobacco stalk biochar-based fertilizer could promote the growth of adlay plant and increase the yield of adlay. In the mature period, the height and stem diameter of adlay were increased by 7.8-15.4 cm and 1.4-2.3 mm, respectively. and the average yield of adlay were increased by 44.98%;tobacco stalk biocharbased fertilizer could significantly increase the content of nutrient components(P<0.05, the same below), among them, average soluble sugar content increased by 44.25%, average vitamin C content increased by 12.26%, and there was no significant difference in amino acid and crude fat content(P>0.05);tobacco stalk biochar-based fertilizer could increase the content of functional components such as flavonoids and coixin. In addition, tobacco stalk biochar-based fertilizer promoted the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients, and significantly improved fertilizer agronomic utilization and economic benefits, among them, HBF treatment had the highest economic benefit, reached 68109.15 yuan/ha, which was 77.29% higher than CK.【Conclusion】Taking into account factors such as crop yield, quality and economic benefits, the 1600 kg/ha biochar-based fertilizer has a better improvement effect, and it has good application potential and promotion value in the cultivation of adlay in southern regions such as Fujian. |
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